Abstract: This paper presents analysis and design of a wideband
Wilkinson power divider for wireless applications. The design is
accomplished by transforming the lengths and impedances of the
quarter wavelength sections of the conventional Wilkinson power
divider into U-shaped sections. The designed power divider is
simulated by using ADS Agilent technologies and CST microwave
studio software. It is shown that the proposed power divider has
simple topology and good performances in terms of insertion loss,
port matching and isolation at all operating frequencies (1.8 GHz,
2.45 GHz and 3.55 GHz).
Abstract: Lightweight design represents an important key to
successful implementation of energy-saving, fuel-efficient and
environmentally friendly means of transport in the aerospace and
automotive industry. In this context the use of carbon fibre reinforced
plastics (CFRP) which are distinguished by their outstanding
mechanical properties at relatively low weight, promise significant
improvements. Due to the reduction of the total mass, with the
resulting lowered fuel or energy consumption and CO2 emissions
during the operational phase, commercial aircraft will increasingly be
made of CFRP. An auspicious technology for the efficient and
economic production of high performance thermoset composites and
hybrid structures for future lightweight applications is the
combination of carbon fibre sheet moulding compound, tailored
continuous carbon fibre reinforcements and metallic components in a
one-shot pressing and curing process. This paper deals with a hybrid
composite technology for aerospace industries, which was developed
with the help of a special innovation and development system.
Abstract: This paper investigates the activity of the rectus
femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) in healthy subjects during salat
(prostration) and specific exercise (squat exercise) using
electromyography (EMG). A group of undergraduates aged between
19 to 25 years voluntarily participated in this study. The myoelectric
activity of the muscles were recorded and analyzed. The finding
indicated that there were contractions of the muscles during the salat
and exercise with almost same EMG’s level. From the result,
Wilcoxon’s Rank Sum test showed significant difference between
prostration and squat exercise (p
Abstract: This paper presents the development of a single-ended 38.5 kS/s 10-bit programmable reference SAR ADC which is realized in MIMOS’s 0.35 µm CMOS process. The design uses a resistive DAC, a dynamic comparator with pre-amplifier and a SAR digital logic to create 10 effective bits ADC. A programmable reference circuitry allows the ADC to operate with different input range from 0.6 V to 2.1 V. The ADC consumed less than 7.5 mW power with a 3 V supply.
Abstract: A thermosyphon system is a heat transfer loop which
operates on the basis of gravity and buoyancy forces. It guarantees a
good reliability and low maintenance cost as it does not involve any
mechanical pump. Therefore, it can be used in many industrial
applications such as refrigeration and air conditioning, electronic
cooling, nuclear reactors, geothermal heat extraction, etc. But flow
instabilities and loop configuration are the major problems in this
system. Several previous researchers studied that stabilities can be
suppressed by using nanofluids as loop fluid. In the present study a
rectangular thermosyphon loop with end heat exchangers are
considered for the study. This configuration is more appropriate for
many practical applications such as solar water heater, geothermal
heat extraction, etc. In the present work, steady-state analysis is
carried out on thermosyphon loop with parallel flow coaxial heat
exchangers at heat source and heat sink. In this loop nanofluid is
considered as the loop fluid and water is considered as the external
fluid in both hot and cold heat exchangers. For this analysis onedimensional
homogeneous model is developed. In this model,
conservation equations like conservation of mass, momentum, energy
are discretized using finite difference method. A computer code is
written in MATLAB to simulate the flow in thermosyphon loop. A
comparison in terms of heat transfer is made between water and
nanofluid as working fluids in the loop.
Abstract: Vertical Handover(VHO) among different
communication technologies ensuring uninterruption and service
continuity is one of the most important performance parameter in
Heterogenous networks environment. In an integrated Universal
Mobile Telecommunicatin System(UMTS) and Wireless Local
Area Network(WLAN), WLAN is given an inherent priority over
UMTS because of its high data rates with low cost. Therefore
mobile users want to be associated with WLAN maximum of the
time while roaming, to enjoy best possible services with low cost.
That encourages reduction of number of VHO. In this work the
reduction of number of VHO with respect to varying number of
WLAN Access Points(APs) in an integrated UMTS and WLAN
network is investigated through simulation to provide best possible
cost effective service to the users. The simulation has been carried
out for an area (7800 × 9006)m2 where COST-231 Hata model
and 3GPP (TR 101 112 V 3.1.0) specified models are used for
WLAN and UMTS path loss models respectively. The handover
decision is triggered based on the received signal level as compared
to the fade margin. Fade margin gives a probabilistic measure of
the reliability of the communication link. A relationship between
number of WLAN APs and the number of VHO is also established
in this work.
Abstract: In this paper, the transient device performance analysis
of n-type Gate Inside JunctionLess Transistor (GI-JLT) has been
evaluated. 3-D Bohm Quantum Potential (BQP) transport device
simulation has been used to evaluate the delay and power dissipation
performance. GI-JLT has a number of desirable device parameters
such as reduced propagation delay, dynamic power dissipation,
power and delay product, intrinsic gate delay and energy delay
product as compared to Gate-all-around transistors GAA-JLT. In
addition to this, various other device performance parameters namely,
on/off current ratio, short channel effects (SCE), transconductance
Generation Factor (TGF) and unity gain cut-off frequency (fT ) and
subthreshold slope (SS) of the GI-JLT and GAA-JLT have been
analyzed and compared. GI-JLT shows better device performance
characteristics than GAA-JLT for low power and high frequency
applications, because of its larger gate electrostatic control on the
device operation.
Abstract: Fugitive particulate matter (PM) is a major source of
airborne pollution in the Middle East countries. The meteorological
conditions and topography of the area makes it highly susceptible to
wind-blown particles which raise many air quality concerns. Air
quality tools such as field monitoring, emission factors and dispersion
modeling have been used in previous research studies to analyze the
release and impacts of fugitive PM in the region. However, these
tools have been originally developed based on experiments made for
European and North American regions. In this work, an experimental
campaign was conducted on April-May 2014 in a construction site in
Doha city, Qatar. The ultimate goal is to evaluate the applicability of
the existing emission factors for construction sites in dry and arid
areas like the Middle East.
Abstract: We present a solution to the Maxmin u/E parameters
estimation problem of possibility distributions in m-dimensional
case. Our method is based on geometrical approach, where minimal
area enclosing ellipsoid is constructed around the sample. Also we
demonstrate that one can improve results of well-known algorithms
in fuzzy model identification task using Maxmin u/E parameters
estimation.
Abstract: Welfare may be considered to be a subjective
experience; it has a biological function that is related to the fitness
and survival of the animal accordingly, researches have suggested
that welfare is compromised when the animal's evolutionary fitness is
reduced. This study was carried out to explain the effect of some
managerial stressors as handling and restraint on behavioral patterns
and biochemical parameters of rats. A total of 24 (12 males & 12
females) Sprague-Dawley rats (12 months & 150-180g) were allotted
into 3 groups, handled group (4 male & 4 female), restrained group (4
male & 4 female) and control group (4 males & 4 females).
The obtained results revealed that time spent feeding, drinking,
movement and cage exploration frequencies increased significantly in
handled rats than other groups, while lying time and licking increased
significantly in restrained rats than handled and controls. Moreover,
social behavior decreased in both stressed groups than control.
Triglycerides were significantly increased in handled rats than
other groups, while total lipid, total protein and globulin significantly
increased in both treated groups than control. Corticosterone
increased in restrained and handled rats than control ones. Moreover,
there was an increment in packed cell volume significantly in
restrained rats than others. These deducted that if we want to study
the effect of stress on animal welfare it is necessary to study the
effect of such stressors on animal’s behavior and physiological
responses.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the assessment of the air
pollution and morbidity relationship in Tunisia. Air pollution is
measured by ozone air concentration and the morbidity is measured
by the number of respiratory-related restricted activity days during
the 2-week period prior to the interview. Socioeconomic data are also
collected in order to adjust for any confounding covariates. Our
sample is composed by 407 Tunisian respondents; 44.7% are women,
the average age is 35.2, near 69% are living in a house built after
1980, and 27.8% have reported at least one day of respiratory-related
restricted activity. The model consists on the regression of the
number of respiratory-related restricted activity days on the air
quality measure and the socioeconomic covariates. In order to correct
for zero-inflation and heterogeneity, we estimate several models
(Poisson, negative binomial, zero inflated Poisson, Poisson hurdle,
negative binomial hurdle and finite mixture Poisson models).
Bootstrapping and post-stratification techniques are used in order to
correct for any sample bias. According to the Akaike information
criteria, the hurdle negative binomial model has the greatest goodness
of fit. The main result indicates that, after adjusting for
socioeconomic data, the ozone concentration increases the probability
of positive number of restricted activity days.
Abstract: In view of a possible application in optical data
storage devices, diffraction grating efficiency of an organic dye, Acid
Fuchsin doped in PMMA matrix was studied under excitation with
CW diode pumped Nd: YAG laser at 532 nm. The open aperture Zscan
of dye doped polymer displayed saturable absorption and the
closed aperture Z-scan of the samples exhibited negative
nonlinearity. The diffraction efficiency of the grating is the ratio of
the intensity of the first order diffracted power to the incident read
beam power. The dye doped polymer films were found to be good
media for recording. It is observed that the formation of gratings
strongly depend on the concentration of dye in the polymer film, the
intensity ratios of the writing beams and the angle between the
writing beams. It has been found that efficient writing can be made at
an angle of 20o and when the intensity ratio of the writing beams is
unity.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a method for three-dimensional
(3-D)-model indexing based on defining a new
descriptor, which we call new descriptor using spherical harmonics.
The purpose of the method is to minimize, the processing time on the
database of objects models and the searching time of similar objects
to request object.
Firstly we start by defining the new descriptor using a new
division of 3-D object in a sphere. Then we define a new distance
which will be used in the search for similar objects in the database.
Abstract: The objective of this research is to design and
construct the PV-Wind hybrid autonomous system for the greenhouse
plantation, and analyze the technical performance of the PV-Wind
energy system. This design depends on the water consumption in the
greenhouse by using 24 of the fogging mist each with the capability
of 24 liter/min. The operating time is 4 times per day, each round for
15 min. The fogging system is being driven by water pump with AC
motor rating 0.5 hp. The load energy consumed is around 1.125
kWh/d. The designing results of the PV-Wind hybrid energy system
is that sufficient energy could be generated by this system. The
results of this study can be applied as a technical data reference for
other areas in the central part of Thailand.
Abstract: In this paper cognitive radio is presented and the
spectrum overlay cognitive radio antenna system is detailed. A UWB
antenna with frequency reconfigurable characteristics is proposed.
The reconfigurability is achieved when the filter is integrated to the
feeding line of the single port overlay cognitive radio. When
activated, the filter can transform the UWB frequency response into a
reconfigurable narrowband one, which is suitable for the
communication operation of the CR system. Here single port overlay
cognitive radio antenna is designed and simulated using Ansoft High
Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).
Abstract: Recently, increasing the quality of experience (QoE) is
an important issue. Since performance degradation at cell edge
extremely reduces the QoE, several techniques are defined at
LTE/LTE-A standard to remove inter-cell interference (ICI). However,
the conventional techniques have disadvantage because there is a
trade-off between resource allocation and reliable communication.
The proposed scheme reduces the ICI more efficiently by using
channel state information (CSI) smartly. It is shown that the proposed
scheme can reduce the ICI with fewer resources.
Abstract: Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) can be used in optical
communications as transmission lines. For this reason, the PCFs with
low confinement loss, low chromatic dispersion, and low nonlinear
effects are highly suitable transmission media. In this paper, we
introduce a new design of index-guiding nanostructured photonic
crystal fiber (IG-NPCF) with ultra-low chromatic dispersion, low
nonlinearity effects, and low confinement loss. Relatively low
dispersion is achieved in the wavelength range of 1200 to 1600nm
using the proposed design. According to the new structure of
nanostructured PCF presented in this study, the chromatic dispersion
slope is -30(ps/km.nm) and the confinement loss reaches below 10-7
dB/km. While in the wavelength range mentioned above at the same
time an effective area of more than 50.2μm2 is obtained.
Abstract: Auckland has a temperate climate with comfortable warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters. An Auckland school normally does not need air conditioning for cooling during the summer and only needs heating during the winter. The Auckland school building thermal design should more focus on winter thermal performance and indoor thermal comfort for energy efficiency. This field study of testing indoor and outdoor air temperatures, relative humidity and indoor surface temperatures of three classrooms with different envelopes were carried out in the Avondale College during the winter months in 2013. According to the field study data, this study is to compare and evaluate winter thermal performance and indoor thermal conditions of school buildings with different envelopes.
Abstract: The final energy use can be divided mainly in four sectors: commercial, industrial, residential, and transportation. The trend in final energy consumption by sector plays as a most straightforward way to provide a wide indication of progress for reducing energy consumption and associated environmental impacts by different end use sectors. The average share of end use energy for residential sector in the world was nearly 20% until 2011, in Germany a higher proportion is between 25% and 30%. However, it remains less studied than energy use in other three sectors as well its impacts on climate and environment. The reason for this involves a wide range of fields, including the diversity of residential construction like different housing building design and materials, living or energy using behavioral patterns, climatic condition and variation as well other social obstacles, market trend potential and financial support from government.
This paper presents an extensive and in-depth analysis of the manner by which projects researched and operated by authors in the fields of energy efficiency primarily from the perspectives of both technical potential and initiative energy saving consciousness in the residential sectors especially in social housing buildings.
Abstract: A strain of Monascus purpureus CMU001 was used to
prepare red yeast rice from Thai glutinous rice Korkor 6 (RD 6).
Adding of different amounts of histidine (156, 312, 625 and 1250 mg
in 100 g of rice grains)) under aerobic and air limitation (air-lock)
condition were used in solid fermentation. Determination of the yield
as well as monacolin K content was done. Citrinin content was also
determined in order to confirm the safety use of prepared red yeast
rice. It was found that under air-lock condition with 1250 mg of
histidine addition gave the highest yield of 37.40 g of dried red yeast
rice prepared from 100 g of rice. Highest 5.72 mg content of
monacolin K was obtained under air-lock condition with 312 mg
histidine addition. In the other hand, citrinin content was found to be
less than 24462 ng/g of all dried red yeast rice samples under the
experimental methods used in this work.