Abstract: The purpose of this study is to compare Self
Compacting Concrete (SCC) and Conventional Concrete (CC) in
terms of their capillary water absorption. During the comparison of
SCC and CC, the effects of two different factors were also
investigated: concrete strength class and curing condition. In the
study, both SCC and CC were produced in three different concrete
classes (C25, C50 and C70) and the other parameter (i.e. curing
condition) was determined as two levels: moisture and air curing. It
was observed that, for both curing environments and all strength
classes of concrete, SCCs had lower capillary water absorption values
than that of CCs. It was also detected that, for both SCC and CC,
capillary water absorption values of samples kept in moisture curing
were significantly lower than that of samples stored in air curing.
Additionally, it was determined that capillary water absorption values
for both SCC and CC decrease with increasing strength class of
concrete for both curing environments.
Abstract: Comprehensive numerical studies have been carried
out to examine the best aerodynamic performance of subsonic aircraft
at different winglet cant angles using a validated 3D k-ω SST model.
In the parametric analytical studies NACA series of airfoils are
selected. Basic design of the winglet is selected from the literature
and flow features of the entire wing including the winglet tip effects
have been examined with different cant angles varying from 150 to
600 at different angles of attack up to 140. We have observed, among
the cases considered in this study that a case, with 150 cant angle the
aerodynamics performance of the subsonic aircraft during takeoff
was found better up to an angle of attack of 2.80 and further its
performance got diminished at higher angles of attack. Analyses
further revealed that increasing the winglet cant angle from 150 to 600
at higher angles of attack could negate the performance deterioration
and additionally it could enhance the peak CL/CD on the order of
3.5%. The investigated concept of variable-cant-angle winglets
appears to be a promising alternative for improving the aerodynamic
efficiency of aircraft.
Abstract: Skin detection is an important task for computer
vision systems. A good method of skin detection means a good and
successful result of the system.
The colour is a good descriptor for image segmentation and
classification; it allows detecting skin colour in the images. The
lighting changes and the objects that have a colour similar than skin
colour make the operation of skin detection difficult.
In this paper, we proposed a method using the YCbCr colour space
for skin detection and lighting effects elimination, then we use the
information of texture to eliminate the false regions detected by the
YCbCr skin model.
Abstract: Forging parts is used to automobiles; because, they have high strength and it is possible to press them into complicated shape. When itis possible to manufacture hollow forging parts, it leads to reduce weightof the automobiles. But, hollow forging parts are confined to axisymmetrical shape. Hollowforging parts that were pressed to complicated shape are expected. Therefore, we forge a blank that aluminum alloy was inserted in stainless steel. After that, we can providecomplex forging parts that are reduced weight,ifit is possible to be melted the aluminum alloy away by using different of melting points.It is necessary to establish heat forging analysis methodon blank consist of stainless steel and aluminum alloy. Because,this forging is different from conventional forging and this technology is not confirmed. In this study, we compared forging experiment with numerical analysis on the view point of forming load and shape after forming and establish how to set the material temperaturesof two metals and material property of stainless steel on the analysis method. Consequently, temperature difference of stainless steel and aluminum alloy was obtained by experiment. We got material property of stainless steel on forging experimental by compression tests. We had compared numerical analysis that was used the temperature difference of two metals and the material property of stainless steel on forging experimental with forging experiment. Forging analysis method on blankconsist of two metals was established by result of numerical analysis having agreedwith result of forging experiment.
Abstract: This paper illustrates the effect of nano Magnesium
Hydroxide (MH) loading on the thermal properties of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDPE)/Poly (ethylene-co vinyl acetate) (EVA) nano
composite. Thermal studies were conducted, as it understanding is
vital for preliminary development of new polymeric systems.
Thermal analysis of nanocomposite was conducted using thermo
gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry
(DSC). Major finding of TGA indicated two main stages of
degradation process found at (350 ± 25oC) and (480 ± 25oC)
respectively. Nano metal filler expressed better fire resistance as it
stand over high degree of temperature. Furthermore, DSC analysis
provided a stable glass temperature around 51 (±1oC) and captured
double melting point at 84 (±2oC) and 108 (±2oC). This binary
melting point reflects the modification of nano filler to the polymer
matrix forming melting crystals of folded and extended chain. The
percent crystallinity of the samples grew vividly with increasing filler
content. Overall, increasing the filler loading improved the
degradation temperature and weight loss evidently and a better
process and phase stability was captured in DSC.
Abstract: The Lean Environmental Management Integration
System (LEMIS) framework development is integration between lean
core element and ISO 14001. The curiosity on the relationship
between continuous improvement and sustainability of lean
implementation has influenced this study toward LEMIS.
Characteristic of ISO 14001 standard clauses and core elements of
lean principles are explored from past studies and literature reviews.
Survey was carried out on ISO 14001 certified companies to examine
continual improvement by implementing the ISO 14001 standard.
The study found that there is a significant and positive relationship
between Lean Principles: value, value stream, flow, pull and
perfection with the ISO 14001 requirements. LEMIS is significant to
support the continuous improvement and sustainability. The
integration system can be implemented to any manufacturing
company. It gives awareness on the importance on why organizations
need to sustain its environmental management system. In the
meantime, the lean principle can be adapted in order to streamline
daily activities of the company. Throughout the study, it had proven
that there is no sacrifice or trade-off between lean principles with ISO
14001 requirements. The framework developed in the study can be
further simplified in the future, especially the method of crossing
each sub requirements of ISO 14001 standard with the core elements
of Lean principles in this study.
Abstract: Yttrium oxide (Y2O3) films have been successfully
deposited with yttrium-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA·Y·H)
complexes prepared by various milling techniques. The effects of the
properties of the EDTA·Y·H complex on the properties of the
deposited Y2O3 films have been analyzed. Seven different types of the
raw EDTA·Y·H complexes were prepared by various commercial
milling techniques such as ball milling, hammer milling, commercial
milling, and mortar milling. The milled EDTA·Y·H complexes
exhibited various particle sizes and distributions, depending on the
milling method. Furthermore, we analyzed the crystal structure,
morphology and elemental distribution profile of the metal oxide films
deposited on stainless steel substrate with the milled EDTA·Y·H
complexes. Depending on the milling technique, the flow properties of
the raw powders differed. The X-ray diffraction pattern of all the
samples revealed the formation of Y2O3 crystalline phase, irrespective
of the milling technique. Of all the different milling techniques, the
hammer milling technique is considered suitable for fabricating dense
Y2O3 films.
Abstract: Violet Sr–Al–O:Eu2+ phosphor particles were
synthesized from a metal–ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
solution of Sr, Al, Eu, and particulate alumina via spray drying and
sintering in a reducing atmosphere. The crystal structures and emission
properties at 85–300 K were investigated. The composition of the
violet Sr–Al–O:Eu2+ phosphor particles was determined from various
Sr–Al–O:Eu2+ phosphors by their emission properties’ dependence
on temperature. The highly crystalline SrAl12O19:Eu2+ emission phases
were confirmed by their crystallite sizes and the activation energies for
the 4f5d–8S7/2 transition of the Eu2+ ion. These results showed that the
material identification for the violet Sr–Al–O:Eu2+ phosphor was
accomplished by the low-temperature luminescence measurements.
Abstract: This research work is concerned with the life cycle
assessment (LCA) of an expressway, as well as its infrastructure, in
Thailand. The life cycle of an expressway encompasses the raw
material acquisition phase, the construction phase, the use or service
phase, the rehabilitation phase, and finally the demolition and
disposal phase. The LCA in this research was carried out using CML
baseline 2000 and in accordance with the ISO 14040 standard. A
functional unit refers to transportation of one person over one
kilometer of a 3-lane expressway with a 50-year lifetime. This
research has revealed that the construction phase produced the largest
proportion of the environmental impact (81.46%), followed by the
service, rehabilitation, demolition and disposal phases and
transportation at 11.97%, 3.72% 0.33% and 2.52%, respectively. For
the expressway under study, the total carbon footprint over its
lifetime is equivalent to 245,639 tons CO2-eq per 1 kilometer
functional unit, with the phases of construction, service,
rehabilitation, demolition and disposal and transportation
contributing 153,690; 73,773; 3693, 755 and 13,728 tons CO2-eq,
respectively. The findings could be adopted as a benchmark against
which the environmental impacts of future similar projects can be
measured.
Abstract: Due to the determination of the pollution status of
fresh resources in the Egyptian territorial waters is very important for
public health; this study was carried out to reveal the levels of heavy
metals in the shellfish and their environment and its relation to the
highly developed industrial activities in those areas. A total of 100
shellfish samples from the Rosetta, Edku, El-Maadiya, Abo-Kir and
El-Max coasts [10 crustaceans (shrimp) and 10 mollusks (oysters)]
were randomly collected from each coast. Additionally, 10 samples
from both the water and the sediment were collected from each coast.
Each collected sample was analyzed for cadmium, chromium,
copper, lead and zinc residues using a Perkin Elmer atomic
absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that the
levels of heavy metals were higher in the water and sediment from
Abo-Kir. The heavy metal levels decreased successively for the
Rosetta, Edku, El-Maadiya, and El-Max coasts, and the
concentrations of heavy metals, except copper and zinc, in shellfish
exhibited the same pattern. For the concentration of heavy metals in
shellfish tissue, the highest was zinc and the concentrations decreased
successively for copper, lead, chromium and cadmium for all coasts,
except the Abo-Kir coast, where the chromium level was highest and
the other metals decreased successively for zinc, copper, lead and
cadmium. In Rosetta, chromium was higher only in the mollusks,
while the level of this metal was lower in the crustaceans; this trend
was observed at the Edku, El-Maadiya and El-Max coasts as well.
Herein, we discuss the importance of such contamination for public
health and the sources of shellfish contamination with heavy metals.
We suggest measures to minimize and prevent these pollutants in the
aquatic environment and, furthermore, how to protect humans from
excessive intake.
Abstract: The use of mobile phones is growing tremendously all
over the world. In Tanzania there are a number of operators licensed
by Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) aiming
at attracting customers into their networks. So far
telecommunications market competition has been very stiff. Various
measures are being taken by mobile operators to survive in the
market. Such measure include introducing of different air time
bundles on daily, weekly and monthly at lower tariffs. Other
measures include the introduction of normal tariff, tourist package
and one network. Despite of all these strategies, there is a dynamic
competition in the market which needs to be explored. Some
influences which attract customers to choose a certain mobile
operator are of particular interest. This paper is investigating if the
network effects and Quality of Services (QoS) influence mobile
customers in selection of their mobile network operators. Seventy
seven students from high learning institutions in Dodoma
Municipality in Tanzania participated in responding to prepared
questionnaires. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for
Social Science (SPSS) Software. The results indicate that, network
coverage does influence customers in selection of mobile operators.
In addition, this paper proposes further research in some areas
especially where the study came up with different findings from what
the theory has in place.
Abstract: Applied industrial engineering is concerned with
imparting employable skills to improve the productivity for current
situation of products and services. The purpose of this case study is to
present the results of an initial research study conducted to identify
the desired professional characteristics of an industrial engineer with
an undergraduate degree and the emerging topic areas that should be
incorporated into the curriculum to prepare industrial engineering
(IE) graduates for the future workforce. Conclusions and
recommendations for applied industrial engineering syllabus have
been gathered and reported below. A two-pronged approach was
taken which included a method of benchmarking by comparing the
applied industrial engineering curricula of various universities and an
industry survey to identify job market requirements. This
methodology produced an analysis of the changing nature of
industrial engineering from learning to practical education. A
curriculum study for engineering is a relatively unexplored area of
research in the Middle East, much less for applied industrial
engineering. This work is an effort to bridge the gap between
theoretical study in the classroom and the real world work
applications in the industrial and service sectors.
Abstract: Laser beam welding for the dissimilar Titanium and
Aluminium thin sheets is an emerging area which is having wider
applications in aerospace, aircraft, automotive, electronics and in
other industries due to its high speed, non-contact, precision with low
heat effects, least welding distortion, low labor costs and convenient
operation. Laser beam welding of dissimilar metal combinations are
increasingly demanded due to high energy densities with small fusion
and heat affected zones. Furthermore, no filler or electrode material is
required and contamination of weld is also very small. The present
study is to reviews the influence of different parameters like laser
power, welding speed, power density, beam diameter, focusing
distance and type of shielding gas on the mechanical properties of
dissimilar metal combinations like SS/Al, Cu/Al and Ti/Al focusing
on aluminum to other materials. Research findings reveal that Ti/Al
combination gives better metallurgical and mechanical properties
than other combinations such as SS/Al and Cu/Al.
Abstract: Wireless sensor network is vulnerable to a wide range
of attacks. Recover secrecy after compromise, to develop technique
that can detect intrusions and able to resilient networks that isolates
the point(s) of intrusion while maintaining network connectivity for
other legitimate users. To define new security metrics to evaluate
collaborative intrusion resilience protocol, by leveraging the sensor
mobility that allows compromised sensors to recover secure state
after compromise. This is obtained with very low overhead and in a
fully distributed fashion using extensive simulations support our
findings.
Abstract: In this paper, the influence of upstream structures on the flow patternaround and inside the wind-catcher is experimentally investigated by smoke flow visualization techniques. Wind-catchers are an important part of natural ventilation in residential buildings or public places such as shopping centers, libraries, etc. Wind-catchers might be also used in places of high urban densities; hence their potential to provide natural ventilation is dependent on the presence of upstream structures. In this study, the two-sided wind-catcher model was based on a real wind-catcher observed in the city of Yazd, Iran. The present study focuses on the flow patterns around and inside the isolated two-sided wind-catcher, and on a two-sided wind-catcher in the presence of an upstream structure. The results show that the presence of an upstream structure influences the airflow pattern force and direction. Placing a high upstream structure reverses the airflow direction inside the wind-catcher.
Abstract: This review summarizes the potential of starch
agroindustrial residues as substrate for biohydrogen production.
Types of potential starch agroindustrial residues, recent developments
and bio-processing conditions for biohydrogen production will be
discussed. Biohydrogen is a clean energy source with great potential
to be an alternative fuel, because it releases energy explosively in
heat engines or generates electricity in fuel cells producing water as
only by-product. Anaerobic hydrogen fermentation or dark
fermentation seems to be more favorable, since hydrogen is yielded
at high rates and various organic waste enriched with carbohydrates
as substrate result in low cost for hydrogen production. Abundant
biomass from various industries could be source for biohydrogen
production where combination of waste treatment and energy
production would be an advantage. Carbohydrate-rich nitrogendeficient
solid wastes such as starch residues can be used for
hydrogen production by using suitable bioprocess technologies.
Alternatively, converting biomass into gaseous fuels, such as
biohydrogen is possibly the most efficient way to use these
agroindustrial residues.
Abstract: The knowledge of biodiesel density over large ranges
of temperature and pressure is important for predicting the behavior
of fuel injection and combustion systems in diesel engines, and for
the optimization of such systems. In this study, cottonseed oil was
transesterified into biodiesel and its density was measured at
temperatures between 288 K and 358 K and pressures between 0.1
MPa and 30 MPa, with expanded uncertainty estimated as ±1.6 kg⋅m-
3. Experimental pressure-volume-temperature (pVT) cottonseed data
was used along with literature data relative to other 18 biodiesels, in
order to build a database used to test the correlation of density with
temperarure and pressure using the Goharshadi–Morsali–Abbaspour
equation of state (GMA EoS). To our knowledge, this is the first that
density measurements are presented for cottonseed biodiesel under
such high pressures, and the GMA EoS used to model biodiesel
density. The new tested EoS allowed correlations within 0.2 kg·m-3
corresponding to average relative deviations within 0.02%. The built
database was used to develop and test a new full predictive model
derived from the observed linear relation between density and degree
of unsaturation (DU), which depended from biodiesel FAMEs
profile. The average density deviation of this method was only about
3 kg.m-3 within the temperature and pressure limits of application.
These results represent appreciable improvements in the context of
density prediction at high pressure when compared with other
equations of state.
Abstract: We propose a new alternative method for imposing
fluid-solid boundary conditions in simulations of Multiparticle
Collision Dynamics. Our method is based on the introduction of
an explicit potential force acting between the fluid particles and a
surface representing a solid boundary. We show that our method can
be used in simulations of plane Poiseuille flows. Important quantities
characterizing the flow and the fluid-solid interaction like the slip
coefficient at the solid boundary and the effective viscosity of the
fluid, are measured in terms of the set of independent parameters
defining the numerical implementation. We find that our method can
be used to simulate the correct hydrodynamic flow within a wide
range of values of these parameters.
Abstract: In the cloud computing hierarchy IaaS is the lowest
layer, all other layers are built over it. Thus it is the most important
layer of cloud and requisite more importance. Along with advantages
IaaS faces some serious security related issue. Mainly Security
focuses on Integrity, confidentiality and availability. Cloud
computing facilitate to share the resources inside as well as outside of
the cloud. On the other hand, cloud still not in the state to provide
surety to 100% data security. Cloud provider must ensure that end
user/client get a Quality of Service. In this report we describe
possible aspects of cloud related security.
Abstract: In this paper a novel design of aerostatic thrust bearing
is proposed and is analyzed numerically. The capillary restrictor and
bearing disk are made of elastomer like silicone and PU. The
viscoelasticity of elastomer helps the capillary expand for more air
flux and at the same time, allows conicity of the bearing surface to
form when the air pressure is enhanced. Therefore the bearing has the
better ability of passive compensation. In the present example, as
compared with the typical model, the new designs can nearly double
the load capability and offer four times static stiffness.