Abstract: We introduce a new interactive 3D simulator of ocular motion and expressions suitable for: (1) character animation applications to game design, film production, HCI (Human Computer Interface), conversational animated agents, and virtual reality; (2) medical applications (ophthalmic neurological and muscular pathologies: research and education); and (3) real time simulation of unconscious cognitive and emotional responses (for use, e.g., in psychological research). Using state-of-the-art computer animation technology we have modeled and rigged a physiologically accurate 3D model of the eyes, eyelids, and eyebrow regions and we have 'optimized' it for use with an interactive and web deliverable platform. In addition, we have realized a prototype device for realtime control of eye motions and expressions, including unconsciously produced expressions, for application as in (1), (2), and (3) above. The 3D simulator of eye motion and ocular expression is, to our knowledge, the most advanced/realistic available so far for applications in character animation and medical pedagogy.
Abstract: This paper presents the adaptive control scheme
with sliding mode compensator for vibration control problem
in the presence of disturbance. The dynamic model of the
flexible cantilever beam using finite element modeling is
derived. The adaptive control with sliding mode compensator
using output feedback for output tracking is developed to
reject the external disturbance, and to improve the tracking
performance. Satisfactory simulation results verify that the
effectiveness of adaptive control scheme with sliding mode
compensator.
Abstract: In this document we studied more in detail the Performances of the vertical handover in the networks WLAN, WiMAX, UMTS before studying of it the Procedure of Handoff Vertical, the whole buckled by simulations putting forward the performances of the handover in the heterogeneous networks. The goal of Vertical Handover is to carry out several accesses in real-time in the heterogeneous networks. This makes it possible a user to use several networks (such as WLAN UMTS andWiMAX) in parallel, and the system to commutate automatically at another basic station, without disconnecting itself, as if there were no cut and with little loss of data as possible.
Abstract: This paper presents a new high speed simulation methodology to solve the long simulation time problem of CMOS image sensor matrix. Generally, for integrating the pixel matrix in SOC and simulating the system performance, designers try to model the pixel in various modeling languages such as VHDL-AMS, SystemC or Matlab. We introduce a new alternative method based on spice model in cadence design platform to achieve accuracy and reduce simulation time. The simulation results indicate that the pixel output voltage maximum error is at 0.7812% and time consumption reduces from 2.2 days to 13 minutes achieving about 240X speed-up for the 256x256 pixel matrix.
Abstract: In this paper, many techniques for blind identification of moving average (MA) process are presented. These methods utilize third- and fourth-order cumulants of the noisy observations of the system output. The system is driven by an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d) non-Gaussian sequence that is not observed. Two nonlinear optimization algorithms, namely the Gradient Descent and the Gauss-Newton algorithms are exposed. An algorithm based on the joint-diagonalization of the fourth-order cumulant matrices (FOSI) is also considered, as well as an improved version of the classical C(q, 0, k) algorithm based on the choice of the Best 1-D Slice of fourth-order cumulants. To illustrate the effectiveness of our methods, various simulation examples are presented.
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is a comparative
investigate in enhancement of damping power system oscillation via
coordinated design of the power system stabilizer (PSS) and static
synchronous series compensator (SSSC) and static synchronous
compensator (STATCOM). The design problem of FACTS-based
stabilizers is formulated as a GA based optimization problem. In this
paper eigenvalue analysis method is used on small signal stability of
single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system installed with SSSC and
STATCOM. The generator is equipped with a PSS. The proposed
stabilizers are tested on a weakly connected power system with
different disturbances and loading conditions. This aim is to enhance
both rotor angle and power system stability. The eigenvalue analysis
and non-linear simulation results are presented to show the effects of
these FACTS-based stabilizers and reveal that SSSC exhibits the best
effectiveness on damping power system oscillation.
Abstract: This study assessed the effects of climate change on
Thai soybeans under simulation situations. Our study is focused on
temperature variability and effects on growth, yield, and genetic
changes in 2 generations of Chiang Mai 60 cultivars. In the
experiment, soybeans were exposed to 3 levels of air temperature for
8 h day-1 in an open top chamber for 2 cropping periods. Air
temperature levels in each treatment were controlled at 30-33°C (±
2.3) for LT-treatment, 33-36°C ( ± 2.4) for AT-treatment, and 36-40
°C ( ± 3.2) for HT-treatment, respectively. Positive effects of high
temperature became obvious at the maturing stage when yield
significantly increased in both cropping periods. Results in growth
indicated that shoot length at the pre-maturing stage
(V3-R3) was more positively affected by high temperature than at the
maturing stage. However, the positive effect on growth under high
temperature was not found in the 2nd cropping period. Finally, genetic
changes were examined in phenotype characteristics by the AFLPs
technique. The results showed that the high temperature factor clearly
caused genetic change in the soybeans and showed more alteration in
the 2nd cropping period.
Abstract: The paper describes the workings for four models of
CONWIP systems used till date; the basic CONWIP system, the
hybrid CONWIP system, the multi-product CONWIP system, and the
parallel CONWIP system. The final novel model is introduced in this
paper in a general form. These models may be adopted for analysis
for both simulation studies and implementation on the shop floor. For
each model, input parameters of interest are highlighted and their
impacts on several system performance measures are addressed.
Abstract: It is expected that ubiquitous era will come soon. A ubiquitous environment has features like peer-to-peer and nomadic environments. Such features can be represented by peer-to-peer systems and mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). The features of P2P systems and MANETs are similar, appealing for implementing P2P systems in MANET environment. It has been shown that, however, the performance of the P2P systems designed for wired networks do not perform satisfactorily in mobile ad-hoc environment. Subsequently, this paper proposes a method to improve P2P performance using cross-layer design and the goodness of a node as a peer. The proposed method uses routing metric as well as P2P metric to choose favorable peers to connect. It also utilizes proactive approach for distributing peer information. According to the simulation results, the proposed method provides higher query success rate, shorter query response time and less energy consumption by constructing an efficient overlay network.
Abstract: The mechanism behind the electromigration and
thermomigration failure in flip-chip solder joints with Cu-pillar bumps
was investigated in this paper through using finite element method.
Hot spot and the current crowding occurrs in the upper corner of
copper column instead of solders of the common solder ball. The
simulation results show that the change in thermal gradient is
noticeable, which might greatly affect the reliability of solder joints
with Cu-pillar bumps under current stressing. When the average
applied current density is increased from 1×104 A/cm2 to 3×104 A/cm2
in solders, the thermal gradient would increase from 74 K/cm to 901
K/cm at an ambient temperature of 25°C. The force from thermal
gradient of 901 K/cm can nearly induce thermomigration by itself.
With the increase in applied current, the thermal gradient is growing. It
is proposed that thermomigration likely causes a serious reliability
issue for Cu column based interconnects.
Abstract: The voice signal in Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) system is processed through the best effort policy based IP network, which leads to the network degradations including delay, packet loss jitter. The work in this paper presents the implementation of finite impulse response (FIR) filter for voice quality improvement in the VoIP system through distributed arithmetic (DA) algorithm. The VoIP simulations are conducted with AMR-NB 6.70 kbps and G.729a speech coders at different packet loss rates and the performance of the enhanced VoIP signal is evaluated using the perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) measurement for narrowband signal. The results show reduction in the computational complexity in the system and significant improvement in the quality of the VoIP voice signal.
Abstract: Mobile Ad Hoc network is an infrastructure less
network which operates with the coordination of each node. Each node
believes to help another node, by forwarding its data to/from another
node. Unlike a wired network, nodes in an ad hoc network are resource
(i.e. battery, bandwidth computational capability and so on)
constrained. Such dependability of one node to another and limited
resources of nodes can result in non cooperation by any node to
accumulate its resources. Such non cooperation is known as selfish
behavior.
This paper discusses the performance analysis of very well known
MANET single-path (i.e. AODV) and multi-path (i.e. AOMDV)
routing protocol, in the presence of selfish behaviors. Along with
existing selfish behaviors, a new variation is also studied. Extensive
simulations were carried out using ns-2 and the study concluded that
the multi-path protocol (i.e. AOMDV) with link disjoint configuration
outperforms the other two configurations.
Abstract: If an unsteady heat transfer or heat impulse happens in
part of the cryogenic pipeline system of large space environment
simulation equipment while running in vacuum environment, it will
lead to abnormal flow of the cryogenic fluid in the pipeline. When the
situation gets worse, the cryogenic fluid in the pipeline will have phase
change and a gas block which results in the malfunction of the
cryogenic pipeline system. Referring to the structural parameter of a
typical cryogenic pipeline system and the basic equation, an analytical
model and a calculation model for cryogenic pipeline system can be
built. The various factors which influence the thermal resistance of a
cryogenic pipeline system can be analyzed and calculated by using the
qualitative analysis relation deduced for thermal resistance of pipeline.
The research conclusion could provide theoretical support for the
design and operation of a cryogenic pipeline system
Abstract: This paper describes the design considerations of an
experimental setup for research and exploring the drives of batteryfed
electric vehicles. Effective setup composition and its components
are discussed. With experimental setup described in this paper,
durability and functional tests can be procured to the customers.
Multiple experiments are performed in the form of steady-state
system exploring, acceleration programs, multi-step tests (speed
control, torque control), load collectives or close-to-reality driving
tests (driving simulation). Main focus of the functional testing is on
the measurements of power and energy efficiency and investigations
in driving simulation mode, which are used for application purposes.
In order to enable the examination of the drive trains beyond
standard modes of operation, different other parameters can be
studied also.
Abstract: Wavelet transforms is a very powerful tools for image compression. One of its advantage is the provision of both spatial and frequency localization of image energy. However, wavelet transform coefficients are defined by both a magnitude and sign. While algorithms exist for efficiently coding the magnitude of the transform coefficients, they are not efficient for the coding of their sign. It is generally assumed that there is no compression gain to be obtained from the coding of the sign. Only recently have some authors begun to investigate the sign of wavelet coefficients in image coding. Some authors have assumed that the sign information bit of wavelet coefficients may be encoded with the estimated probability of 0.5; the same assumption concerns the refinement information bit. In this paper, we propose a new method for Separate Sign Coding (SSC) of wavelet image coefficients. The sign and the magnitude of wavelet image coefficients are examined to obtain their online probabilities. We use the scalar quantization in which the information of the wavelet coefficient to belong to the lower or to the upper sub-interval in the uncertainly interval is also examined. We show that the sign information and the refinement information may be encoded by the probability of approximately 0.5 only after about five bit planes. Two maps are separately entropy encoded: the sign map and the magnitude map. The refinement information of the wavelet coefficient to belong to the lower or to the upper sub-interval in the uncertainly interval is also entropy encoded. An algorithm is developed and simulations are performed on three standard images in grey scale: Lena, Barbara and Cameraman. Five scales are performed using the biorthogonal wavelet transform 9/7 filter bank. The obtained results are compared to JPEG2000 standard in terms of peak signal to noise ration (PSNR) for the three images and in terms of subjective quality (visual quality). It is shown that the proposed method outperforms the JPEG2000. The proposed method is also compared to other codec in the literature. It is shown that the proposed method is very successful and shows its performance in term of PSNR.
Abstract: Due to insufficient frequency band and tremendous growth of the mobile users, complex computation is needed for the use of resources. Long distance communication began with the introduction of telegraphs and simple coded pulses, which were used to transmit short messages. Since then numerous advances have rendered reliable transfer of information both easier and quicker. Wireless network refers to any type of computer network that is wireless, and is commonly associated with a telecommunications network whose interconnections between nodes is implemented without the use of wires. Wireless network can be broadly categorized in infrastructure network and infrastructure less network. Infrastructure network is one in which we have a base station to serve the mobile users and in the infrastructure less network is one in which no infrastructure is available to serve the mobile users this kind of networks are also known as mobile Adhoc networks. In this paper we have simulated the result for different scenarios with protocols like AODV and DSR; we simulated the result for throughput, delay and receiving traffic in the given scenario.
Abstract: This paper presents a dynamic model for mechanical
loads of an electric drive, including angular misalignment and
including load unbalance. The misalignment model represents the
effects of the universal joint between the motor and the mechanical
load. Simulation results are presented for an induction motor driving
a mechanical load with angular misalignment for both flexible and
rigid coupling. The models presented are very useful in the study of
mechanical fault detection in induction motors, using mechanical and
electrical signals already available in a drive system, such as speed,
torque and stator currents.
Abstract: The three-dimensional incompressible flow past a
rectangular open cavity is investigated, where the aspect ratio of the
cavity is considered as 4. The principle objective is to use large-eddy
simulation to resolve and control the large-scale structures, which are
largely responsible for flow oscillations in a cavity. The flow past an
open cavity is very common in aerospace applications and can be a
cause of acoustic source due to hydrodynamic instability of the shear
layer and its interactions with the downstream edge. The unsteady
Navier-stokes equations have been solved on a staggered mesh using
a symmetry-preserving central difference scheme. Synthetic jet has
been used as an active control to suppress the cavity oscillations in
wake mode for a Reynolds number of ReD = 3360. The effect of
synthetic jet has been studied by varying the jet amplitude and
frequency, which is placed at the upstream wall of the cavity. The
study indicates that there exits a frequency band, which is larger than
a critical value, is effective in attenuating cavity oscillations when
blowing ratio is more than 1.0.
Abstract: In this paper, we proposed a method to design a
model-following adaptive controller for linear/nonlinear plants.
Radial basis function neural networks (RBF-NNs), which are known
for their stable learning capability and fast training, are used to
identify linear/nonlinear plants. Simulation results show that the
proposed method is effective in controlling both linear and nonlinear
plants with disturbance in the plant input.
Abstract: Multi-level voltage source inverters offer several
advantages such as; derivation of a refined output voltage with
reduced total harmonic distortion (THD), reduction of voltage ratings
of the power semiconductor switching devices and also the reduced
electro-magnetic-interference problems etc. In this paper, new
carrier-overlapped phase-disposition or sub-harmonic sinusoidal
pulse width modulation (CO-PD-SPWM) and also the carrieroverlapped
phase-disposition space vector modulation (CO-PDSVPWM)
schemes for a six-level diode-clamped inverter topology
are proposed. The principle of the proposed PWM schemes is similar
to the conventional PD-PWM with a little deviation from it in the
sense that the triangular carriers are all overlapped. The overlapping
of the triangular carriers on one hand results in an increased number
of switchings, on the other hand this facilitates an improved spectral
performance of the output voltage. It is demonstrated through
simulation studies that the six-level diode-clamped inverter with the
use of CO-PD-SPWM and CO-PD-SVPWM proposed in this paper is
capable of generating multiple levels in its output voltage. The
advantages of the proposed PWM schemes can be derived to benefit,
especially at lower modulation indices of the inverter and hence this
aspect of the proposed PWM schemes can be well exploited in high
power applications requiring low speeds of operation of the drive.