Abstract: This paper describes the smart energy monitoring system with a wireless sensor network for monitoring of electrical usage in smart house. Proposed system is composed of wireless plugs and energy control wallpad server. The wireless plug integrates an AC power socket, a relay to switch the socket ON/OFF, a Hall effect sensor to sense current of load appliance and a Kmote. The Kmote is a wireless communication interface based on TinyOS. We evaluated wireless plug in a laboratory, analyzed and presented energy consumption data from electrical appliances for 3 months in home.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze influence of
differences of heat insulation methods on indoor thermal environment and comfort of apartment buildings.
This study analyzes indoor thermal environment and comfort on units of apartment buildings using calculation software "THERB" and
compares three different kinds of heat insulation methods. Those are
outside insulation on outside walls, inside insulation on outside walls and interior insulation. In terms of indoor thermal environment, outside insulation is the best to stabilize room temperature. In winter, room temperature on
outside insulation after heating is higher than other and it is kept 3-5 degrees higher through all night. But the surface temperature with
outside insulation did not dramatically increase when heating was used, which was 3 to 5oC lower than the temperature with other
insulation. The PMV of interior insulation fall nearly range of comfort when the heating and cooling was use.
Abstract: The entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema
feltiaeare are components of many biological pesticides. The
biological pesticides are applicated by means a spraying machines.
The influence of high pressure operating time on viability of
nematodes has been experimentally investigated in order to explain if
static pressure inside of the sprayers installation was able to destroy
nematodes. The value of pressure was 55 MPa and its maximum
operating time was 3 hours. Changes were found in viability of
pressurized samples of nematodes, mixed with water.
Abstract: Need for an appropriate system of evaluating students-
educational developments is a key problem to achieve the predefined
educational goals. Intensity of the related papers in the last years; that
tries to proof or disproof the necessity and adequacy of the students
assessment; is the corroborator of this matter. Some of these studies
tried to increase the precision of determining question weights in
scientific examinations. But in all of them there has been an attempt
to adjust the initial question weights while the accuracy and precision
of those initial question weights are still under question. Thus In
order to increase the precision of the assessment process of students-
educational development, the present study tries to propose a new
method for determining the initial question weights by considering
the factors of questions like: difficulty, importance and complexity;
and implementing a combined method of PROMETHEE and fuzzy
analytic network process using a data mining approach to improve
the model-s inputs. The result of the implemented case study proves
the development of performance and precision of the proposed
model.
Abstract: This paper examines the use of mechanical aerator for
oxidation-ditch process. The rotor, which controls the aeration, is the
main component of the aeration process. Therefore, the objective of
this study is to find out the variations in overall oxygen transfer
coefficient (KLa) and aeration efficiency (AE) for different
configurations of aerator by varying the parameters viz. speed of
aerator, depth of immersion, blade tip angles so as to yield higher
values of KLa and AE. Six different configurations of aerator were
developed and fabricated in the laboratory and were tested for abovementioned
parameters. The curved blade rotor (CBR) emerged as a
potential aerator with blade tip angle of 47°.
The mathematical models are developed for predicting the
behaviour of CBR w.r.t kLa and power. In laboratory studies, the
optimum value of KLa and AE were observed to be 10.33 h-1 and
2.269 kg O2/ kWh.
Abstract: The results from experimental research of deformation
by upsetting and die forging of lead specimens wit controlled impact
are presented. Laboratory setup for conducting the investigations,
which uses cold rocket engine operated with compressed air, is
described. The results show that when using controlled impact is
achieving greater plastic deformation and consumes less impact
energy than at ordinary impact deformation process.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to develop and
validate an inexpensive and simple high performance liquid
chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of colistin
sulfate. Separation of colistin sulfate was achieved on a ZORBAX
Eclipse XDB-C18 column using UV detection at λ=215 nm. The
mobile phase was 30 mM sulfate buffer (pH 2.5):acetonitrile(76:24).
An excellent linearity (r2=0.998) was found in the concentration
range of 25 - 400 μg/mL. Intra- day and inter-day precisions of
method (%RSD, n=3) were less than 7.9%.The developed and
validated method was applied to determination of the content of
colistin sulfate in medicated premix and animal feed sample.The
recovery of colistin from animal feed was satisfactorily ranged from
90.92 to 93.77%. The results demonstrated that the HPLC method
developed in this work is appropriate for direct determination of
colistin sulfate in commercial medicated premixes and animal feed.
Abstract: In this paper, He-s amplitude frequency formulation is used to obtain a periodic solution for a nonlinear oscillator with fractional potential. By calculation and computer simulations, compared with the exact solution shows that the result obtained is of high accuracy.
Abstract: Emerging Adulthood, the period during ages 18 to 25,
is a new conceptualitation proposed by Arnett which is especially
prevalent in the industrialized countries. Turkey is basically a
developing country having a young population structure.
Investigating the presence of such a life period in such a culture
might be helpful in understanding educational and psychological
needs of people who are in their twenties. With the aim of
investigating Emerging Adulthood in Turkey, a well-known
instrument (IDEA, 2003) was adapted to Turkish language and
Turkish culture. The scale was administered to 296 participants
between 15 and 34 ages and validity and reliability were conducted.
Exploratory factor analysis revealed three subscales. Reliability
coefficients of the scale (Cronbach a) was found as .69. Test-retest
reliability coefficients was found for the scale as .81. Finally, “The
IDEA" with 20 items was obtained to be used in the Turkish
population. The instrument is ready to be administered among
Turkish young people for the investigation of transition to adulthood,
and whether such a emerging adulthood period really existed.
Abstract: In this paper, taking Chinese Nanjing Metro ALSTOM vehicle synthesis brake as an example, the subway with synthetic brake shoe formula components of final product performance, has done a lot of research and performance test, final is drawn with hybrid fiber as reinforcing material, modified phenolic resin as matrix material, and then filling friction modifier performance, by the hot pressing process made a new type of domestic subway brake shoe. The product of the test performance indicators that can replace the similar foreign products.
Abstract: DSTATCOM is one of the equipments for voltage sag mitigation in power systems. In this paper a new control method for balanced and unbalanced voltage sag mitigation using DSTATCOM is proposed. The control system has two loops in order to regulate compensator current and load voltage. Delayed signal cancellation has been used for sequence separation. The compensator should protect sensitive loads against different types of voltage sag. Performance of the proposed method is investigated under different types of voltage sags for linear and nonlinear loads. Simulation results show appropriate operation of the proposed control system.
Abstract: This paper addresses the design of predictive
networked controller with adaptation of a communication delay. The
networked control system contains random delays from sensor to
controller and from controller to actuator. The proposed predictive
controller includes an adaptation loop which decreases the influence
of communication delay on the control performance. Also, the
predictive controller contains a filter which improves the robustness
of the control system. The performance of the proposed adaptive
predictive controller is demonstrated by simulation results in
comparison with PI controller and predictive controller with constant
delay.
Abstract: In this paper a sliding-mode torque and flux control is
designed for encoderless synchronous reluctance motor drive. The
sliding-mode plus PI controllers are designed in the stator-flux field
oriented reference frame which is able to track the mentioned
reference signals with a minimum pulsations in the state condition. In
addition, with these controllers a fast dynamic response is also
achieved for the drive system. The proposed control scheme is robust
subject to parameters variation except to stator resistance. To solve
this problem a simple estimator is used for on-line detecting of this
parameter. Moreover, the rotor position and speed are estimated by
on-line obtaining of the stator-flux-space vector. The effectiveness
and capability of the proposed control approach is verified by both
the simulation and experimental results.
Abstract: One of the important applications of gas turbines is
their utilization for heat recovery steam generator in combine-cycle technology. Exhaust flow and energy are two key parameters for
determining heat recovery steam generator performance which are mainly determined by the main gas turbine components performance
data. For this reason a method was developed for determining the
exhaust energy in the new edition of ASME PTC22. The result of this investigation shows that the method of standard has considerable
error. Therefore in this paper a new method is presented for modifying of the performance calculation. The modified method is
based on exhaust gas constituent analysis and combustion calculations. The case study presented here by two kind of General
Electric gas turbine design data for validation of methodologies. The
result shows that the modified method is more precise than the ASME PTC22 method. The exhaust flow calculation deviation from
design data is 1.5-2 % by ASME PTC22 method so that the deviation regarding with modified method is 0.3-0.5%. Based on precision of
analyzer instruments, the method can be suitable alternative for gas
turbine standard performance test. In advance two methods are
proposed based on known and unknown fuel in modified method procedure. The result of this paper shows that the difference between
the two methods is below than %0.02. In according to reasonable esult of the second procedure (unknown fuel composition), the
method can be applied to performance evaluation of gas turbine, so that the measuring cost and data gathering should be reduced.
Abstract: A kind of crash energy absorption structure adopted by vehicle simulator crash testing equipment based on mechanical energy
storage was studied. Dynamic explicit finite element simulation was achieved for thin-walled tube structure under different conditions of
section shape, thickness and inducement groove style. Crash energy absorption property of the structure was obtained. After optimization,
a reasonable structure was given which can meet current vehicle crash regulation. And the optimized structure can be adopted in vehicle
simulator, which can increase the practicability of the testing
equipment.
Abstract: Recent research has shown that milk proteins can
yield bioactive peptides with opioid, mineral binding,
cytomodulatory, antihypertensive, immunostimulating, antimicrobial
and antioxidative activity in the human body. Bioactive peptides are
encrypted in milk proteins and are only released by enzymatic
hydrolysis in vivo during gastrointestinal digestion, food processing
or by microbial enzymes in fermented products. At present
significant research is being undertaken on the health effects of
bioactive peptides. A variety of naturally formed bioactive peptides
have been found in fermented dairy products, such as yoghurt, sour
milk and cheese. In particular, antihypertensive peptides have been
identified in fermented milks, whey and ripened cheese. Some of
these peptides have been commercialized in the form of fermented
milks. Bioactive peptides have the potential to be used in the
formulation of health-enhancing nutraceuticals, and as potent drugs
with well defined pharmacological effects.
Abstract: Tehran, one of the heavily-populated capitals, is
severely suffering from increasing air pollution. To show a
documented trend of such pollutants during last years, plane tree
species (Platanus orientalis) were suited to be studied as indicators,
for the species have been planted throughout the city many years
ago. Two areas (Saadatabad and Narmak districts) allotting different
contents of crowed and highly-traffic routs but the same ecological
characteristics were selected. Twelve sample individuals were cored
twice perpendicularly in each area. Tree-rings of each core were
measured by a binocular microscope and separated annually for the
last 25 years. Two heavy metals including Cd and Pb accompanied
by a mineral element (Ca) were analyzed using Hatch method. Treerings
analysis of the two areas showed different groups in term of
physiologically ability as the growths were plunged during the last
10 years in Saadatabad district and showed a slight decrease in the
same period for another studying area. In direct contrast to
decreasing growth trend in Saadatabad, all three mentioned elements
increased sharply during last 25 years in the same area. When it came
to Narmak district, the trend was completely different with
Saadatabad. There were some fluctuations in absorbing trace
elements like tree-rings widths were, yet calcium showed an upward
trend all the last 25 years. The results of the study proved the
possibility of using tree species of each region to monitor its air
pollution trends of the past, hence to depict a pollution assessment of
a populated city for last years and then to make appropriate decisions
for the future as it is well-known what the trend is. On the other
hand, risen values of calcium (as the stress-indicator element)
accompanied by increased trace elements suggests non-sustainable
state of the trees.
Abstract: This paper proposes a neural network weights and
topology optimization using genetic evolution and the
backpropagation training algorithm. The proposed crossover and
mutation operators aims to adapt the networks architectures and
weights during the evolution process. Through a specific inheritance
procedure, the weights are transmitted from the parents to their
offsprings, which allows re-exploitation of the already trained
networks and hence the acceleration of the global convergence of the
algorithm. In the preprocessing phase, a new feature extraction
method is proposed based on Legendre moments with the Maximum
entropy principle MEP as a selection criterion. This allows a global
search space reduction in the design of the networks. The proposed
method has been applied and tested on the well known MNIST
database of handwritten digits.
Abstract: This work provides a practical method for the
development of rural road networks in rural areas of developing
countries. The proposed methodology enables to determine
obligatory points in the rural road network maximizing the number of
settlements that have access to basic services within a given
maximum distance. The proposed methodology is simple and
practical, hence, highly applicable to real-world scenarios, as
demonstrated in the definition of the road network for the rural areas
of Nepal.
Abstract: The sonochemical decolorization and degradation of azo dye Methyl violet using Fenton-s reagent in the presence of a high-frequency acoustic field has been investigated. Dyeing and textile effluents are the major sources of azo dyes, and are most troublesome among industrial wastewaters, causing imbalance in the eco-system. The effect of various operating conditions (initial concentration of dye, liquid-phase temperature, ultrasonic power and frequency and process time) on sonochemical degradation was investigated. Conversion was found to increase with increase in initial concentration, temperature, power level and frequency. Both horntype and tank-type sonicators were used, at various power levels (250W, 400W and 500W) for frequencies ranging from 20 kHz - 1000 kHz. A 'Process Intensification' parameter PI, was defined to quantify the enhancement of the degradation reaction by ultrasound when compared to control (i.e., without ultrasound). The present work clearly demonstrates that a high-frequency ultrasonic bath can be used to achieve higher process throughput and energy efficiency at a larger scale of operation.