The Turkish Version of Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood(The IDEA)
Emerging Adulthood, the period during ages 18 to 25,
is a new conceptualitation proposed by Arnett which is especially
prevalent in the industrialized countries. Turkey is basically a
developing country having a young population structure.
Investigating the presence of such a life period in such a culture
might be helpful in understanding educational and psychological
needs of people who are in their twenties. With the aim of
investigating Emerging Adulthood in Turkey, a well-known
instrument (IDEA, 2003) was adapted to Turkish language and
Turkish culture. The scale was administered to 296 participants
between 15 and 34 ages and validity and reliability were conducted.
Exploratory factor analysis revealed three subscales. Reliability
coefficients of the scale (Cronbach a) was found as .69. Test-retest
reliability coefficients was found for the scale as .81. Finally, “The
IDEA" with 20 items was obtained to be used in the Turkish
population. The instrument is ready to be administered among
Turkish young people for the investigation of transition to adulthood,
and whether such a emerging adulthood period really existed.
[1] J.J. Arnett, Are college students adults? Their conceptions of the
transition to adulthood. Journal of Adult Development, 1994a 1, 154-
168.
[2] J.J. Arnett, Sensation seeking: A new conceptualization and a new scale.
Personality and Individual Differences, 1994b,16, 289-296.
[3] J.J. Arnett, Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late
teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 2000, 55, 469-480.
[4] J.J. Arnett, Conceptions of the transition to adulthood: Perspectives from
adolescence to midlife. Journal of Adult Development, 2001, 8, 133-
143.
[5] J.J. Arnett, "Conceptions of the transition to adulthood among emerging
adults in American ethnic groups." In J. J. Arnett and N. L. Galambos
(Eds.), New directions for child and adolescent development: Exploring
cultural conceptions of the transition to adulthood, No. 100, 2003 pp.
63-76. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[6] J.J. Arnett, Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens
through the twenties. New York: Oxford University Press. 2004, ch. 1.
[7] L. M. Casper, and S. M. Bianchi, Continuity and Change in the
American Family. Thousand Oaks: Sage. 2002, ch. 1.
[8] A. Facio, and F. Micocci, Emerging adulthood in Argentina. In J. J.
Arnett and N. L. Galambos (Eds.), New directions for child and
adolescent development: Exploring cultural conceptions of the
transition to adulthood. No. 100, 2003, pp. 5-20. San Francisco, CA:
Jossey-Bass.
[9] O. Mayseless and M. Scharf, What does it mean to be an adult? The
Israeli experience. In J. J. Arnett and N. L. Galambos (Eds.), New
directions for child and adolescent development: Exploring cultural
conceptions of the transition to adulthood. No. 100, 2003, pp. 21-32.
San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
[10] L. J. Nelson, Rites of passage in emerging adulthood: Perspectives of
young Mormons. In J. J. Arnett and N. L. Galambos (Eds.), New
directions for child and adolescent development: Exploring cultural
conceptions of the transition to adulthood 2003, pp. 33-49. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[11] J.J. Arnett, Young people's conceptions of the transition to adulthood.
Youth and Society, 1997, 29, 1-23.
[12] J.J. Arnett, Learning to stand alone: The contemporary American
transition to adulthood in cultural and historical context. Human
Development, 1998 41, 295-315.
[13] State Inst─▒tute of Statistics (SIS). Population of Turkey, 1923-1994:
Demographic Structure and Its Development. 1995, Ankara: SIS.
[14] C. Kag─▒tc─▒bas─▒, Cultural Psychology.─░stanbul: Evrim Publication. 2000,
pp. 12-24.
[15] C. Kag─▒tc─▒bas─▒, Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context:
Implications for self and human development. Human Development,
2003, 46, 145-150.
[16] K. Karatas, Youth unemployment: The economic, social and
psychological sutcomes, Social Work Association Pub.: 2, Ankara. 1996,
pp. 52-88.
[17] L. Ozbay, Female Migration and Its Problems. Hacettepe University,
Institute of Population Research. Ankara: HUNEE. 2001.
[18] State Inst─▒tute of Statistics (2003), [Online]. Available:
www.TUIK.gov.tr.
[19] TDHS, "Turkey Demographic and Health Survey". Hacettepe
University, Ankara. 1993.
[20] TDHS, "Turkey Demographic and Health Survey". Hacettepe
University, Ankara. 1998.
[21] TDHS, "Turkey Demographic and Health Survey". Hacettepe
University, Ankara.2003.
[22] Progress Report, State Planning Organisation, Ankara. 2000.
[23] A. Reifman, J.J. Arnett, and M.J. Colwell, The IDEA: Inventory of the
dimensions of emerging adulthood. Paper presented at the 111th Annual
Convention of the American Psychological Association, Toronto,
Canada. 2003, 4-6 August.
[24] J. S. Phinney, Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: Review of
research. Psychological Bulletin, 1990, 108 (3), 499-514.
[25] L. Steinberg, Adolescence, Sixth Ed. New York: McGraw Hill Inc. 2002,
ch. 1.
[26] H, Ensari and L. Deniz, Job expectations and part-time working
conditions of university youth, Marmara University, Ataturk
Educational Faculty, Journal of Educational Sciences, 1992, 4, 59-64.
[27] A. T. K─▒slal─▒, Student rebellion, Ankara: Bilgi Pub. 1974. ch.3.
[28] Konrad Adenauer Foundation Turkish Youth, 1998. Ankara: Konrad
Adenauer Foundation. 1999.
[29] "Report of Ministry of Work and Social Security". Ankara. 2004.
[30] A. Buyuksahin, "Comprasion of university students who have romantic
relationship and don-t have romantic relationship According to some
social-psychological factors." Unpublished Master Thesis, Ankara
University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara.
[31] G. O. Fisek and H. R. Scherler, Social changes and partners: A therapy
approach based on broaden of borders of gender scenario, Turkish
Psychology Association Publication, 1996, 11, 36.
[32] A. Gultekin, Investigation of identity status and self-disclosure on
highschool student. Uluda─ƒ University, Journal of Educational Sciences,
2001, 14, 1, 231-241.
[33] H. Odac─▒, "Loneliness, self-esteem and romantic relationship on KTU
Fatih Educational Faculty students". Unpublished Master Thesis, KTU
Institute of Social Sciences, Trabzon.
[34] A. Ery─▒lmaz, "Percevied control on romantic relationships".
Unpublished Master Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of Educational
Sciences, Ankara.
[35] N. Celen, and E. Kusdil, The relationship between perceived parental
control and identity styles in Turkish adolescents. The paper presented at
Xth Conference on Developmental Psychology. Uppsala: 2001, August
22-26.
[36] S. C. Demir, etc., Pregnancy outcomes in young Turkish women,
Journal of Pediatric and Adolescents Gynecology, 2000, 13, 4, 177-181.
[37] O. Guneri, Z. Sumer, and A. Y─▒ld─▒r─▒m, Sources of self-identity among
Turkish adolescents, Adolescence. 1999, 135, 535-546.
[38] O. Imamoglu and Z. Karak─▒tapoglu-Aygun, Values from 1970-s to
1990-s: Differences observed in time, generation and gender on
university level, Turkish Psychology Journal, 1999, 14 (44), 1-18.
[39] C. Kag─▒tc─▒bas─▒, Family and human development Across Cultures.
Lawrence Erlbaum Ass. NJ. 1996, ch.1,2.
[40] C. Kag─▒tc─▒bas─▒, Culture and self:Cultural Psychology.─░stanbul: Altan
Publication, 1998, ch. 1.
[41] C. Karademir, "Investigation of young image represented in Turkish
TV", Unpublished Master Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of
Educational Sciences, Ankara.
[42] M. J. Shanahan, E. Porfeli, J. T. Mortimer, and L. Erickson, Subjective
age identity and the transition to adulthood: Demographic markers and
personal attributes. Youth Development Study, 2002, 8, 76-81.
[43] J. J. Arnett, and N. L. Galambos, "Culture and conceptions of
adulthood." In J. J. Arnett and N. L. Galambos (Eds.), New directions for
child and adolescent development: Exploring culturalconceptions of the
transition to adulthood 2003, No. 100, pp. 91-98. San Francisco: Jossey-
Bass.
[44] J. J. Arnett, Broad and narrow socialization: The family in the context of
a cultural theory. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1995, 57, 617-
628.
[45] J. J. Arnett, and S. Taber, Adolescence terminable and interminable:
When does adolescence end? Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 1994,
23: 517-537.
[1] J.J. Arnett, Are college students adults? Their conceptions of the
transition to adulthood. Journal of Adult Development, 1994a 1, 154-
168.
[2] J.J. Arnett, Sensation seeking: A new conceptualization and a new scale.
Personality and Individual Differences, 1994b,16, 289-296.
[3] J.J. Arnett, Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late
teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 2000, 55, 469-480.
[4] J.J. Arnett, Conceptions of the transition to adulthood: Perspectives from
adolescence to midlife. Journal of Adult Development, 2001, 8, 133-
143.
[5] J.J. Arnett, "Conceptions of the transition to adulthood among emerging
adults in American ethnic groups." In J. J. Arnett and N. L. Galambos
(Eds.), New directions for child and adolescent development: Exploring
cultural conceptions of the transition to adulthood, No. 100, 2003 pp.
63-76. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[6] J.J. Arnett, Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens
through the twenties. New York: Oxford University Press. 2004, ch. 1.
[7] L. M. Casper, and S. M. Bianchi, Continuity and Change in the
American Family. Thousand Oaks: Sage. 2002, ch. 1.
[8] A. Facio, and F. Micocci, Emerging adulthood in Argentina. In J. J.
Arnett and N. L. Galambos (Eds.), New directions for child and
adolescent development: Exploring cultural conceptions of the
transition to adulthood. No. 100, 2003, pp. 5-20. San Francisco, CA:
Jossey-Bass.
[9] O. Mayseless and M. Scharf, What does it mean to be an adult? The
Israeli experience. In J. J. Arnett and N. L. Galambos (Eds.), New
directions for child and adolescent development: Exploring cultural
conceptions of the transition to adulthood. No. 100, 2003, pp. 21-32.
San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
[10] L. J. Nelson, Rites of passage in emerging adulthood: Perspectives of
young Mormons. In J. J. Arnett and N. L. Galambos (Eds.), New
directions for child and adolescent development: Exploring cultural
conceptions of the transition to adulthood 2003, pp. 33-49. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[11] J.J. Arnett, Young people's conceptions of the transition to adulthood.
Youth and Society, 1997, 29, 1-23.
[12] J.J. Arnett, Learning to stand alone: The contemporary American
transition to adulthood in cultural and historical context. Human
Development, 1998 41, 295-315.
[13] State Inst─▒tute of Statistics (SIS). Population of Turkey, 1923-1994:
Demographic Structure and Its Development. 1995, Ankara: SIS.
[14] C. Kag─▒tc─▒bas─▒, Cultural Psychology.─░stanbul: Evrim Publication. 2000,
pp. 12-24.
[15] C. Kag─▒tc─▒bas─▒, Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context:
Implications for self and human development. Human Development,
2003, 46, 145-150.
[16] K. Karatas, Youth unemployment: The economic, social and
psychological sutcomes, Social Work Association Pub.: 2, Ankara. 1996,
pp. 52-88.
[17] L. Ozbay, Female Migration and Its Problems. Hacettepe University,
Institute of Population Research. Ankara: HUNEE. 2001.
[18] State Inst─▒tute of Statistics (2003), [Online]. Available:
www.TUIK.gov.tr.
[19] TDHS, "Turkey Demographic and Health Survey". Hacettepe
University, Ankara. 1993.
[20] TDHS, "Turkey Demographic and Health Survey". Hacettepe
University, Ankara. 1998.
[21] TDHS, "Turkey Demographic and Health Survey". Hacettepe
University, Ankara.2003.
[22] Progress Report, State Planning Organisation, Ankara. 2000.
[23] A. Reifman, J.J. Arnett, and M.J. Colwell, The IDEA: Inventory of the
dimensions of emerging adulthood. Paper presented at the 111th Annual
Convention of the American Psychological Association, Toronto,
Canada. 2003, 4-6 August.
[24] J. S. Phinney, Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: Review of
research. Psychological Bulletin, 1990, 108 (3), 499-514.
[25] L. Steinberg, Adolescence, Sixth Ed. New York: McGraw Hill Inc. 2002,
ch. 1.
[26] H, Ensari and L. Deniz, Job expectations and part-time working
conditions of university youth, Marmara University, Ataturk
Educational Faculty, Journal of Educational Sciences, 1992, 4, 59-64.
[27] A. T. K─▒slal─▒, Student rebellion, Ankara: Bilgi Pub. 1974. ch.3.
[28] Konrad Adenauer Foundation Turkish Youth, 1998. Ankara: Konrad
Adenauer Foundation. 1999.
[29] "Report of Ministry of Work and Social Security". Ankara. 2004.
[30] A. Buyuksahin, "Comprasion of university students who have romantic
relationship and don-t have romantic relationship According to some
social-psychological factors." Unpublished Master Thesis, Ankara
University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara.
[31] G. O. Fisek and H. R. Scherler, Social changes and partners: A therapy
approach based on broaden of borders of gender scenario, Turkish
Psychology Association Publication, 1996, 11, 36.
[32] A. Gultekin, Investigation of identity status and self-disclosure on
highschool student. Uluda─ƒ University, Journal of Educational Sciences,
2001, 14, 1, 231-241.
[33] H. Odac─▒, "Loneliness, self-esteem and romantic relationship on KTU
Fatih Educational Faculty students". Unpublished Master Thesis, KTU
Institute of Social Sciences, Trabzon.
[34] A. Ery─▒lmaz, "Percevied control on romantic relationships".
Unpublished Master Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of Educational
Sciences, Ankara.
[35] N. Celen, and E. Kusdil, The relationship between perceived parental
control and identity styles in Turkish adolescents. The paper presented at
Xth Conference on Developmental Psychology. Uppsala: 2001, August
22-26.
[36] S. C. Demir, etc., Pregnancy outcomes in young Turkish women,
Journal of Pediatric and Adolescents Gynecology, 2000, 13, 4, 177-181.
[37] O. Guneri, Z. Sumer, and A. Y─▒ld─▒r─▒m, Sources of self-identity among
Turkish adolescents, Adolescence. 1999, 135, 535-546.
[38] O. Imamoglu and Z. Karak─▒tapoglu-Aygun, Values from 1970-s to
1990-s: Differences observed in time, generation and gender on
university level, Turkish Psychology Journal, 1999, 14 (44), 1-18.
[39] C. Kag─▒tc─▒bas─▒, Family and human development Across Cultures.
Lawrence Erlbaum Ass. NJ. 1996, ch.1,2.
[40] C. Kag─▒tc─▒bas─▒, Culture and self:Cultural Psychology.─░stanbul: Altan
Publication, 1998, ch. 1.
[41] C. Karademir, "Investigation of young image represented in Turkish
TV", Unpublished Master Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of
Educational Sciences, Ankara.
[42] M. J. Shanahan, E. Porfeli, J. T. Mortimer, and L. Erickson, Subjective
age identity and the transition to adulthood: Demographic markers and
personal attributes. Youth Development Study, 2002, 8, 76-81.
[43] J. J. Arnett, and N. L. Galambos, "Culture and conceptions of
adulthood." In J. J. Arnett and N. L. Galambos (Eds.), New directions for
child and adolescent development: Exploring culturalconceptions of the
transition to adulthood 2003, No. 100, pp. 91-98. San Francisco: Jossey-
Bass.
[44] J. J. Arnett, Broad and narrow socialization: The family in the context of
a cultural theory. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1995, 57, 617-
628.
[45] J. J. Arnett, and S. Taber, Adolescence terminable and interminable:
When does adolescence end? Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 1994,
23: 517-537.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:63015", author = "Hasan Atak and Figen Çok", title = "The Turkish Version of Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood(The IDEA)", abstract = "Emerging Adulthood, the period during ages 18 to 25,
is a new conceptualitation proposed by Arnett which is especially
prevalent in the industrialized countries. Turkey is basically a
developing country having a young population structure.
Investigating the presence of such a life period in such a culture
might be helpful in understanding educational and psychological
needs of people who are in their twenties. With the aim of
investigating Emerging Adulthood in Turkey, a well-known
instrument (IDEA, 2003) was adapted to Turkish language and
Turkish culture. The scale was administered to 296 participants
between 15 and 34 ages and validity and reliability were conducted.
Exploratory factor analysis revealed three subscales. Reliability
coefficients of the scale (Cronbach a) was found as .69. Test-retest
reliability coefficients was found for the scale as .81. Finally, “The
IDEA" with 20 items was obtained to be used in the Turkish
population. The instrument is ready to be administered among
Turkish young people for the investigation of transition to adulthood,
and whether such a emerging adulthood period really existed.", keywords = "Adaptation, Emerging Adulthood, Turkey, IDEA.", volume = "2", number = "4", pages = "389-5", }
