Abstract: This experiment was performed with the purpose of
investigating effect of additional blend of probiotics Saccharomyces
cerevisiae and Lactobacillus acidophilus on plasma fatty acid profiles
particularly conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in growing goats fed corn
silage, and selected the optimal levels of the probiotics for further study.
Twenty-four growing crossbred (Thai native x Anglo-Nubian) goats that
weighed (14.2 ± 2.3) kg, aged about 6 months, were purchased and
allocated to 4 treatments according to Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD) with 6 goats in each treatment. The blocks were made by
weight into heavy, medium, and light goats and each of the treatments
contained two goats from each of the blocks. In the mean time, ruminal
average pH unaffected, but the NH3-N and also plasma urea nitrogen
(p0.05) were raised, but propionic
proportion (p0.05) were reduced in
concurrent with raise of acetic proportion and resultantly C2:C3 ratio
(p>0.05). On plasma fatty acid profiles, total saturated fatty acids
(p>0.05) was increased, and contrasted with decrease of C15:0
(p0.05), and C18-C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids
(p
Abstract: An important task in solving second order linear ordinary differential equations by the finite difference is to choose a suitable stepsize h. In this paper, by using the stochastic arithmetic, the CESTAC method and the CADNA library we present a procedure to estimate the optimal stepsize hopt, the stepsize which minimizes the global error consisting of truncation and round-off error.
Abstract: This paper describes an experience of research,
development and innovation applied in Industrial Naval at (Science
and Technology Corporation for the Development of Shipbuilding
Industry, Naval in Colombia (COTECMAR) particularly through
processes of research, innovation and technological development,
based on theoretical models related to organizational knowledge
management, technology management and management of human
talent and integration of technology platforms. It seeks ways to
facilitate the initial establishment of environments rich in
information, knowledge and content-supported collaborative
strategies on dynamic processes missionary, seeking further
development in the context of research, development and innovation
of the Naval Engineering in Colombia, making it a distinct basis for
the generation of knowledge assets from COTECMAR.
The integration of information and communication technologies,
supported on emerging technologies (mobile technologies, wireless,
digital content via PDA, and content delivery services on the Web 2.0
and Web 3.0) as a view of the strategic thrusts in any organization
facilitates the redefinition of processes for managing information and
knowledge, enabling the redesign of workflows, the adaptation of
new forms of organization - preferably in networking and support the
creation of symbolic-inside-knowledge promotes the development of
new skills, knowledge and attitudes of the knowledge worker
Abstract: Alumina matrix composites with addition of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), acting as solid lubricant, were produced. Main purpose of solid lubricants is to dispose the necessity of using cooling lubricants in machining process. Hot pressing was used as a consolidating process for Al2O3-x%wt.hBN (x=1/ 2,5/ 5 /7,5 /10) composites. Properties of sinters such as relative density, hardness, Young-s modulus and fracture toughness were examined. Obtained samples characterize by high relative density. Hardness and fracture toughness values allow the use of alumina – hBN composites for machining steels even in hardened condition. However it was observed that high weight content of hBN can negatively influence the mechanical properties of composites.
Abstract: Manufacturing components of fiber-reinforced
thermoplastics requires three steps: heating the matrix, forming and
consolidation of the composite and terminal cooling the matrix. For
the heating process a pre-determined temperature distribution through
the layers and the thickness of the pre-consolidated sheets is
recommended to enable forming mechanism. Thus, a design for the
heating process for forming composites with thermoplastic matrices
is necessary. To obtain a constant temperature through thickness and
width of the sheet, the heating process was analyzed by the help of
the finite element method. The simulation models were validated by
experiments with resistance thermometers as well as with an infrared
camera. Based on the finite element simulation, heating methods for
infrared radiators have been developed. Using the numeric
simulation many iteration loops are required to determine the process
parameters. Hence, the initiation of a model for calculating relevant
process parameters started applying regression functions.
Abstract: This paper presents the experimental as well as the
simulated performance studies on the transcritical CO2 heat pumps
for simultaneous water cooling and heating; effects of water mass
flow rates and water inlet temperatures of both evaporator and gas
cooler on the cooling and heating capacities, system COP and water
outlets temperatures are investigated. Study shows that both the
water mass flow rate and inlet temperature have significant effect on
system performances. Test results show that the effect of evaporator
water mass flow rate on the system performances and water outlet
temperatures is more pronounced (COP increases 0.6 for 1 kg/min)
compared to the gas cooler water mass flow rate (COP increases 0.4
for 1 kg/min) and the effect of gas cooler water inlet temperature is
more significant (COP decreases 0.48 for given ranges) compared to
the evaporator water inlet temperature (COP increases 0.43 for given
ranges). Comparisons of experimental values with simulated results
show the maximum deviation of 5% for cooling capacity, 10% for
heating capacity, 16% for system COP. This study offers useful
guidelines for selecting appropriate water mass flow rate to obtain
required system performance.
Abstract: The set of all abelian subalgebras is computationally
obtained for any given finite-dimensional Lie algebra, starting from the nonzero brackets in its law. More concretely, an algorithm
is described and implemented to compute a basis for each nontrivial abelian subalgebra with the help of the symbolic computation package MAPLE. Finally, it is also shown a brief computational study
for this implementation, considering both the computing time and the
used memory.
Abstract: This research studied about green logistics and the
expected benefit that organization gotten when adapted to green
logistics also the organization concerned about the important activity
in green logistics to apply in implementation from study was found
that the benefit of green logistics that organization was gotten by
logistics management which was the increased efficiency process of
management the product from producer to customer all of reduce
production cost, increased value added save energy and prevented
environment together
From study was found that the organization had green logistics to
apply in logistics activities in supply chain since downstream till
upstream to prevent environment as follow 1). Purchasing process,
trade facilitation enhance such as linking of information technology
during business to business (B2B business). 2). Productions process
improved by business logistics improvement 3). Warehouse
management process such as recycled packaging, moving goods in to
warehouse, transportation goods and inside receiving and delivery
products plan.
Abstract: Combustion, emission and performance
characterization of a single cylinder diesel engine using methanol
diesel blends was carried out. The blends were 5% (v/v) methanol in
diesel (MD05) and 10% (v/v) methanol in diesel (MD10). The
problem of solubility of methanol and diesel was addressed by an
agitator placed inside the fuel tank to prevent phase separation. The
results indicated that total combustion duration was reduced by15.8%
for MD05 and 31.27% for MD10compared to the baseline data.
Ignition delay was increased with increasing methanol volume
fraction in the test fuel. Total cyclic heat release was reduced by
1.5% for MD05 and 6.7% for MD10 as compared to diesel baseline.
Emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons along with smoke were
reduced and that of nitrogen oxides were increased with rising
methanol contents in the test fuel. Full load brake thermal efficiency
was marginally reduced with increased methanol composition in the
blend.
Abstract: Experiments have been carried out at the Latvia
University of Agriculture Department of Food Technology. The aim
of this work was to assess the effect of sous vide packaging during
the storage time of salad with meat in mayonnaise at different storage
temperature. Samples were evaluated at 0, 1, 3, 7, 10, 15, 18, 25, 29,
42, and 52 storage days at the storage temperature of +4±0.5 ºC and
+10±0.5 ºC. Experimentally the quality of the salad with meat in
mayonnaise was characterized by measuring colour, pH and
microbiological properties. The sous vide packaging was effective in
protecting the product from physical, chemical, and microbial quality
degradation. The sous vide packaging significantly reduces microbial
growth at storage temperature of +4±0.5 ºC and +10±0.5 ºC.
Moreover, it is possible to extend the product shelf life to 52 days
even when stored at +10±0.5 ºC.
Abstract: In this paper, we proposed a novel receiver algorithm
for coherent underwater acoustic communications. The proposed
receiver is composed of three parts: (1) Doppler tracking and
correction, (2) Time reversal channel estimation and combining, and
(3) Joint iterative equalization and decoding (JIED). To reduce
computational complexity and optimize the equalization algorithm,
Time reversal (TR) channel estimation and combining is adopted to
simplify multi-channel adaptive decision feedback equalizer (ADFE)
into single channel ADFE without reducing the system performance.
Simultaneously, the turbo theory is adopted to form joint iterative
ADFE and convolutional decoder (JIED). In JIED scheme, the ADFE
and decoder exchange soft information in an iterative manner, which
can enhance the equalizer performance using decoding gain. The
simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce
computational complexity and improve the performance of equalizer.
Therefore, the performance of coherent underwater acoustic
communications can be improved greatly.
Abstract: The equivalence class subset algorithm is a powerful
tool for solving a wide variety of constraint satisfaction problems and
is based on the use of a decision function which has a very high but
not perfect accuracy. Perfect accuracy is not required in the decision
function as even a suboptimal solution contains valuable information
that can be used to help find an optimal solution. In the hardest
problems, the decision function can break down leading to a
suboptimal solution where there are more equivalence classes than
are necessary and which can be viewed as a mixture of good decision
and bad decisions. By choosing a subset of the decisions made in
reaching a suboptimal solution an iterative technique can lead to an
optimal solution, using series of steadily improved suboptimal
solutions. The goal is to reach an optimal solution as quickly as
possible. Various techniques for choosing the decision subset are
evaluated.
Abstract: In this paper, multi-processors job shop scheduling problems are solved by a heuristic algorithm based on the hybrid of priority dispatching rules according to an ant colony optimization algorithm. The objective function is to minimize the makespan, i.e. total completion time, in which a simultanous presence of various kinds of ferons is allowed. By using the suitable hybrid of priority dispatching rules, the process of finding the best solution will be improved. Ant colony optimization algorithm, not only promote the ability of this proposed algorithm, but also decreases the total working time because of decreasing in setup times and modifying the working production line. Thus, the similar work has the same production lines. Other advantage of this algorithm is that the similar machines (not the same) can be considered. So, these machines are able to process a job with different processing and setup times. According to this capability and from this algorithm evaluation point of view, a number of test problems are solved and the associated results are analyzed. The results show a significant decrease in throughput time. It also shows that, this algorithm is able to recognize the bottleneck machine and to schedule jobs in an efficient way.
Abstract: In this paper we discuss on the security module for the
car appliances to prevent stealing and illegal use on other cars. We
proposed an open structure including authentication and encryption by
embed a security module in each to protect car appliances. Illegal
moving and use a car appliance with the security module without
permission will lead the appliance to useless. This paper also presents
the component identification and deal with relevant procedures. It is at
low cost to recover from destroys by the burglar. Expect this paper to
offer the new business opportunity to the automotive and technology
industry.
Abstract: This paper studies the effect of different compression
constraints and schemes presented in a new and flexible paradigm to
achieve high compression ratios and acceptable signal to noise ratios
of Arabic speech signals. Compression parameters are computed for
variable frame sizes of a level 5 to 7 Discrete Wavelet Transform
(DWT) representation of the signals for different analyzing mother
wavelet functions. Results are obtained and compared for Global
threshold and level dependent threshold techniques. The results
obtained also include comparisons with Signal to Noise Ratios, Peak
Signal to Noise Ratios and Normalized Root Mean Square Error.
Abstract: The effect of dry milling on the carbothermic
reduction of celestite was investigated. Mixtures of celestite
concentrate (98% SrSO4) and activated carbon (99% carbon) was
milled for 1 and 24 hours in a planetary ball mill. Un-milled and
milled mixtures and their products after carbothermic reduction were
studied by a combination of XRD and TGA/DTA experiments. The
thermogravimetric analyses and XRD results showed that by milling
celestite-carbon mixtures for one hour, the formation temperature of
strontium sulfide decreased from about 720°C (in un-milled sample)
to about 600°C, after 24 hours milling it decreased to 530°C. It was
concluded that milling induces increasingly thorough mixing of the
reactants to reduction occurring at lower temperatures
Abstract: Reliability Centered Maintenance(RCM) is one of
most widely used methods in the modern power system to schedule a
maintenance cycle and determine the priority of inspection. In order
to apply the RCM method to the Smart Grid, a precedence study for
the new structure of rearranged system should be performed due to
introduction of additional installation such as renewable and
sustainable energy resources, energy storage devices and advanced
metering infrastructure. This paper proposes a new method to
evaluate the priority of maintenance and inspection of the power
system facilities in the Smart Grid using the Risk Priority Number. In
order to calculate that risk index, it is required that the reliability
block diagram should be analyzed for the Smart Grid system. Finally,
the feasible technical method is discussed to estimate the risk
potential as part of the RCM procedure.
Abstract: Although White LED lighting systems powered by solar cells have presented for many years, they are not widely used in today application because of their cost and low energy conversion efficiency. The proposed system use the dc power generated by fixed solar cells module to energize White LED light sources that are operated by directly connected White LED with current limitation resistors, resulting in much more power consumption. This paper presents the use of white LED as a general lighting application powered by tracking solar cells module and using pulse to apply the electrical power to the White LED. These systems resulted in high efficiency power conversion, low power consumption, and long light of the white LED.
Abstract: The evolution of silica optical fiber strength aged in cetyltrimethylammonium chloride solution (CTAC) has been investigated. If the solution containing surfactants presents appreciable changes in physical and chemical properties at the critical micelle concentration (CMC), a non negligible mechanical behavior fiber change is observed for silica fiber aged in cationic surfactants as CTAC which can lead to optical fiber reliability questioning. The purpose of this work is to study the mechanical behavior of silica coated and naked optical fibers in contact with CTAC solution at different concentrations. Result analysis proves that the immersion in CTAC drastically decreases the fiber strength and specially near the CMC point. Beyond CMC point, a small increase of fiber strength is analyzed and commented.
Abstract: Organ motion, especially respiratory motion, is a technical challenge to radiation therapy planning and dosimetry. This motion induces displacements and deformation of the organ tissues within the irradiated region which need to be taken into account when simulating dose distribution during treatment. Finite element modeling (FEM) can provide a great insight into the mechanical behavior of the organs, since they are based on the biomechanical material properties, complex geometry of organs, and anatomical boundary conditions. In this paper we present an original approach that offers the possibility to combine image-based biomechanical models with particle transport simulations. We propose a new method to map material density information issued from CT images to deformable tetrahedral meshes. Based on the principle of mass conservation our method can correlate density variation of organ tissues with geometrical deformations during the different phases of the respiratory cycle. The first results are particularly encouraging, as local error quantification of density mapping on organ geometry and density variation with organ motion are performed to evaluate and validate our approach.