Abstract: Using one dimensional Quantum hydrodynamic
(QHD) model Korteweg de Vries (KdV) solitary excitations of
electron-acoustic waves (EAWs) have been examined in twoelectron-
populated relativistically degenerate super dense plasma. It
is found that relativistic degeneracy parameter influences the
conditions of formation and properties of solitary structures.
Abstract: The angular distribution of Compton scattering of two
quanta originating in the annihilation of a positron with an electron
is investigated as a quantum key distribution (QKD) mechanism in
the gamma spectral range. The geometry of coincident Compton
scattering is observed on the two sides as a way to obtain partially
correlated readings on the quantum channel. We derive the noise
probability density function of a conceptually equivalent prepare
and measure quantum channel in order to evaluate the limits of the
concept in terms of the device secrecy capacity and estimate it at
roughly 1.9 bits per 1 000 annihilation events. The high error rate
is well above the tolerable error rates of the common reconciliation
protocols; therefore, the proposed key agreement protocol by public
discussion requires key reconciliation using classical error-correcting
codes. We constructed a prototype device based on the readily
available monolithic detectors in the least complex setup.
Abstract: The motion planning technique described in this paper has been developed to eliminate or reduce the residual vibrations of belt-driven rotary platforms, while maintaining unchanged the motion time and the total angular displacement of the platform. The proposed approach is based on a suitable choice of the motion command given to the servomotor that drives the mechanical device; this command is defined by some numerical coefficients which determine the shape of the displacement, velocity and acceleration profiles. Using a numerical optimization technique, these coefficients can be changed without altering the continuity conditions imposed on the displacement and its time derivatives at the initial and final time instants. The proposed technique can be easily and quickly implemented on an actual device, since it requires only a simple modification of the motion command profile mapped in the memory of the electronic motion controller.
Abstract: This study employs the use of the fourth order
Numerov scheme to determine the eigenstates and eigenvalues of
particles, electrons in particular, in single and double delta function
potentials. For the single delta potential, it is found that the
eigenstates could only be attained by using specific potential depths.
The depth of the delta potential well has a value that varies depending
on the delta strength. These depths are used for each well on the
double delta function potential and the eigenvalues are determined.
There are two bound states found in the computation, one with a
symmetric eigenstate and another one which is antisymmetric.
Abstract: Cryo-electron microscopy (CEM) in combination with
single particle analysis (SPA) is a widely used technique for
elucidating structural details of macromolecular assemblies at closeto-
atomic resolutions. However, development of automated software
for SPA processing is still vital since thousands to millions of
individual particle images need to be processed. Here, we present our
workflow for automated particle picking. Our approach integrates
peak shape analysis to the classical correlation and an iterative
approach to separate macromolecules and background by
classification. This particle selection workflow furthermore provides
a robust means for SPA with little user interaction. Processing
simulated and experimental data assesses performance of the
presented tools.
Abstract: Recently, a vehicular ad-hoc networks(VANETs) for
Intelligent Transport System(ITS) have become able safety and convenience services surpassing the simple services such as
an electronic toll collection system. To provide the proper services,
VANET needs infrastructure over the country infrastructure. Thus, we have to spend a huge sum of
human resources. In this reason, several studies have been made on the
usage of cellular networks instead of new protocols
this study is to assess a performance evaluation of the
cellular network for VANET. In this paper, the result of a
for the suitability of cellular networks for VANET
experiment, The LTE(Long Term Evolution) of cellular networks found to be most suitable among the others cellular networks
Abstract: to simulate the phenomenon of electronic transport in semiconductors, we try to adapt a numerical method, often and most frequently it’s that of Monte Carlo. In our work, we applied this method in the case of a ternary alloy semiconductor GaInP in its cubic form; The Calculations are made using a non-parabolic effective-mass energy band model. We consider a band of conduction to three valleys (ΓLX), major of the scattering mechanisms are taken into account in this modeling, as the interactions with the acoustic phonons (elastic collisions) and optics (inelastic collisions). The polar optical phonons cause anisotropic collisions, intra-valleys, very probable in the III-V semiconductors. Other optical phonons, no polar, allow transitions inter-valleys. Initially, we present the full results obtained by the simulation of Monte Carlo in GaInP in stationary regime. We consider thereafter the effects related to the application of an electric field varying according to time, we thus study the transient phenomenon which make their appearance in ternary material
Abstract: A method of collecting composition data and examining structural features of pearlite lamellae and the parent austenite at the growth interface in a 13wt. % manganese steel has been demonstrated with the use of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM). The combination of composition data and the structural features observed at the growth interface show that available theories of pearlite growth cannot explain all the observations.
Abstract: A nonlinear model of two-beam free-electron laser
(FEL) in the absence of slippage is presented. The two beams are
assumed to be cold with different energies and the fundamental
resonance of the higher energy beam is at the third harmonic of lower
energy beam. By using Maxwell-s equations and full Lorentz force
equations of motion for the electron beams, coupled differential
equations are derived and solved numerically by the fourth order
Runge–Kutta method. In this method a considerable growth of third
harmonic electromagnetic field in the XUV and X-ray regions is
predicted.
Abstract: Bio-electrical responses obtained from freshwater
sediments by employing microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology were
investigated in this experimental study. During the electricity
generation, organic matter in the sediment was microbially oxidized
under anaerobic conditions with an electrode serving as a terminal
electron acceptor. It was found that the sediment organic matter
(SOM) associated with electrochemically-active electrodes became
more humified, aromatic, and polydispersed, and had a higher average
molecular weight, together with the decrease in the quantity of SOM.
The alteration of characteristics of the SOM was analogous to that
commonly observed in the early stage of SOM diagenetic process (i.e.,
humification). These findings including an elevation of the sediment
redox potential present a possibility of the MFC technology as a new
soil/sediment remediation technique based on its potential benefits:
non-destructive electricity generation and bioremediation.
Abstract: The success of an electronic system in a System-on- Chip is highly dependent on the efficiency of its interconnection network, which is constructed from routers and channels (the routers move data across the channels between nodes). Since neither classical bus based nor point to point architectures can provide scalable solutions and satisfy the tight power and performance requirements of future applications, the Network-on-Chip (NoC) approach has recently been proposed as a promising solution. Indeed, in contrast to the traditional solutions, the NoC approach can provide large bandwidth with moderate area overhead. The selected topology of the components interconnects plays prime rule in the performance of NoC architecture as well as routing and switching techniques that can be used. In this paper, we present two generic NoC architectures that can be customized to the specific communication needs of an application in order to reduce the area with minimal degradation of the latency of the system. An experimental study is performed to compare these structures with basic NoC topologies represented by 2D mesh, Butterfly-Fat Tree (BFT) and SPIN. It is shown that Cluster mesh (CMesh) and MinRoot schemes achieves significant improvements in network latency and energy consumption with only negligible area overhead and complexity over existing architectures. In fact, in the case of basic NoC topologies, CMesh and MinRoot schemes provides substantial savings in area as well, because they requires fewer routers. The simulation results show that CMesh and MinRoot networks outperforms MESH, BFT and SPIN in main performance metrics.
Abstract: Homogeneous composites of alumina and zirconia
with a small amount of MgO (99%) were obtained for ZTA ceramic containing 0.05 wt% MgO in
1500 °C.
Abstract: The sequential morphologic changes of rabbit duodenal mucosa-submucosa were studied from primodial stage to birth in 15 fetuses and during the early days of life in 21 rabbit newborns till maturity using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Fetal rabbit duodenum develops from a simple tube of stratified epithelium to a tube containing villus and intervillus regions of simple columnar epithelium. By day 21 of gestation, the first rudimentary villi were appeared and by day 24 the first true villi were appeared. The Crypts of Lieberkuhn did not appear until birth. By the first day of postnatal life the duodenal glands appeared. The histological maturity of the rabbit small intestine occurred one month after birth. In conclusion, at all stages, the sequential morphologic changes of the rabbit small intestine developed to meet the structural and physiological demands during the fetal stage to be prepared to extra uterine life.
Abstract: In this paper, an intelligent algorithm for optimal
document archiving is presented. It is kown that electronic archives
are very important for information system management. Minimizing
the size of the stored data in electronic archive is a main issue to
reduce the physical storage area. Here, the effect of different types of
Arabic fonts on electronic archives size is discussed. Simulation
results show that PDF is the best file format for storage of the Arabic
documents in electronic archive. Furthermore, fast information
detection in a given PDF file is introduced. Such approach uses fast
neural networks (FNNs) implemented in the frequency domain. The
operation of these networks relies on performing cross correlation in
the frequency domain rather than spatial one. It is proved
mathematically and practically that the number of computation steps
required for the presented FNNs is less than that needed by
conventional neural networks (CNNs). Simulation results using
MATLAB confirm the theoretical computations.
Abstract: the effects of refining and alkaline chemicals on potential of recycling bleached chemical pulp of bagasse were investigated in this study. Recycling was done until three times. Handsheet properties such as, apparent density, light scattering coefficient, tear index, burst index, breaking length, and fold number according to TAPPI standard were measured. Water retention value also was used to considering the treatments during recycling. Refining enhanced the strength of recycled pulp by increasing fiber flexibility and swelling ability, whereas by applying chemical treatment didn't observe any improvement. The morphology of recycled fiber was considered with scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Abstract: In this study, ZnO nano rods and ZnO ultrafine particles were synthesized by Gel-casting method. The synthesized ZnO powder has a hexagonal zincite structure. The ZnO aggregates with rod-like morphology are typically 1.4 μm in length and 120 nm in diameter, which consist of many small nanocrystals with diameters of 10 nm. Longer wires connected by many hexahedral ZnO nanocrystals were obtained after calcinations at the temperature over 600° C.The crystalline structures and morphologies of the powder have been characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Scaning electron microscopy (SEM).The result shows that the different preparation conditions such as concentration H2O, calcinations time and calcinations temperature have a lot of influences upon the properties of nano ZnO powders, an increase in the temperature of the calcinations results in an increase of the grain size and also the increase of the calcinations time in high temperature makes the size of the grains bigger. The existences of extra watter prevent nano grains from improving like rod morphology. We have obtained the smallest grain size of ZnO powder by controlling the process conditions. Finally In a suitable condition, a novel nanostructure, namely bi-rod-like ZnO nano rods was found which is different from known ZnO nanostructures.
Abstract: For decades, the defense business has been plagued by
not having a reliable, deterministic method to know when the Kalman
filter solution for passive ranging application is reliable for use by the
fighter pilot. This has made it hard to accurately assess when the
ranging solution can be used for situation awareness and weapons
use. To date, we have used ad hoc rules-of-thumb to assess when we
think the estimate of the Kalman filter standard deviation on range is
reliable. A reliable algorithm has been developed at BAE Systems
Electronics & Integrated Solutions that monitors the Kalman gain
matrix elements – and a patent is pending. The “settling" of the gain
matrix elements relates directly to when we can assess the time when
the passive ranging solution is within the 10 percent-of-truth value.
The focus of the paper is on surface-based passive ranging – but the
method is applicable to airborne targets as well.
Abstract: DC-DC converters are widely used in regulated switched mode power supplies and in DC motor drive applications. There are several sources of unwanted nonlinearity in practical power converters. In addition, their operation is characterized by switching that gives birth to a variety of nonlinear dynamics. DC-DC buck and boost converters controlled by pulse-width modulation (PWM) have been simulated. The voltage waveforms and attractors obtained from the circuit simulation have been studied. With the onset of instability, the phenomenon of subharmonic oscillations, quasi-periodicity, bifurcations, and chaos have been observed. This paper is mainly motivated by potential contributions of chaos theory in the design, analysis and control of power converters, in particular and power electronics circuits, in general.
Abstract: A major challenge in biomaterials research is the
regulation of protein adsorption which is a key factor for controlling
the subsequent cell adhesion at implant surfaces. The aim of the
present study was to control the adsorption of fibronectin (FN) and
the attachment of MG-63 osteoblasts with an electronic
nanostructure. Shallow doping line lattices with a period of 260 nm
were produced for this purpose by implantation of phosphorous in
silicon wafers. Protein coverage was determined after incubating the
substrate with FN by means of an immunostaining procedure and the
measurement of the fluorescence intensity with a TECAN analyzer.
We observed an increased amount of adsorbed FN on the
nanostructure compared to control substrates. MG-63 osteoblasts
were cultivated for 24h on FN-incubated substrates and their
morphology was assessed by SEM. Preferred orientation and
elongation of the cells in direction of the doping lattice lines was
observed on FN-coated nanostructures.
Abstract: Metal matrix composites (MMC) are generating
extensive interest in diverse fields like defense, aerospace, electronics
and automotive industries. In this present investigation, material
removal rate (MRR) modeling has been carried out using an
axisymmetric model of Al-SiC composite during electrical discharge
machining (EDM). A FEA model of single spark EDM was
developed to calculate the temperature distribution.Further, single
spark model was extended to simulate the second discharge. For
multi-discharge machining material removal was calculated by
calculating the number of pulses. Validation of model has been done
by comparing the experimental results obtained under the same
process parameters with the analytical results. A good agreement was
found between the experimental results and the theoretical value.