Abstract: Low oxygen content vanadium powder was
prepared by hydrogenation dehydrogenization (HDH). The
effect of purification treatment on hydrogen absorption kinetics
of dendritic vanadium was tested, and the effects of milling
technique on powder yield and grain size were studied. The
crystal phase, oxygen and nitrgen content, and grain size of
prepared powder were characterized and analyzed by X-ray
diffraction (XRD), oxygen and nitrogen analyzer and grain size
analyzer. The results show that the alkaline cleaning can
improve the hydrogen absorption of vanadium. The yield of
vanadium hydride powder can reach as high as 90% by 4h
ball-milling, The resultant product also have an oxygen content
less than 600μg/g, and the grain size is smaller than 37μm.
Meanwhile, the XRD results show that the phase of hydride
vanadium powder is mainly VH0.81. After a hydrogen
desorption treatment in vacuum at 700Ôäâ, the phase of the
powder converts into V and a little of V2H.
Abstract: This experiment was performed with the purpose of
investigating effect of additional blend of probiotics Saccharomyces
cerevisiae and Lactobacillus acidophilus on plasma fatty acid profiles
particularly conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in growing goats fed corn
silage, and selected the optimal levels of the probiotics for further study.
Twenty-four growing crossbred (Thai native x Anglo-Nubian) goats that
weighed (14.2 ± 2.3) kg, aged about 6 months, were purchased and
allocated to 4 treatments according to Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD) with 6 goats in each treatment. The blocks were made by
weight into heavy, medium, and light goats and each of the treatments
contained two goats from each of the blocks. In the mean time, ruminal
average pH unaffected, but the NH3-N and also plasma urea nitrogen
(p0.05) were raised, but propionic
proportion (p0.05) were reduced in
concurrent with raise of acetic proportion and resultantly C2:C3 ratio
(p>0.05). On plasma fatty acid profiles, total saturated fatty acids
(p>0.05) was increased, and contrasted with decrease of C15:0
(p0.05), and C18-C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids
(p
Abstract: Next Generation Wireless Network (NGWN) is
expected to be a heterogeneous network which integrates all different
Radio Access Technologies (RATs) through a common platform. A
major challenge is how to allocate users to the most suitable RAT for
them. An optimized solution can lead to maximize the efficient use
of radio resources, achieve better performance for service providers
and provide Quality of Service (QoS) with low costs to users.
Currently, Radio Resource Management (RRM) is implemented
efficiently for the RAT that it was developed. However, it is not
suitable for a heterogeneous network. Common RRM (CRRM) was
proposed to manage radio resource utilization in the heterogeneous
network. This paper presents a user level Markov model for a three
co-located RAT networks. The load-balancing based and service
based CRRM algorithms have been studied using the presented
Markov model. A comparison for the performance of load-balancing
based and service based CRRM algorithms is studied in terms of
traffic distribution, new call blocking probability, vertical handover
(VHO) call dropping probability and throughput.
Abstract: This paper presents the experimental as well as the
simulated performance studies on the transcritical CO2 heat pumps
for simultaneous water cooling and heating; effects of water mass
flow rates and water inlet temperatures of both evaporator and gas
cooler on the cooling and heating capacities, system COP and water
outlets temperatures are investigated. Study shows that both the
water mass flow rate and inlet temperature have significant effect on
system performances. Test results show that the effect of evaporator
water mass flow rate on the system performances and water outlet
temperatures is more pronounced (COP increases 0.6 for 1 kg/min)
compared to the gas cooler water mass flow rate (COP increases 0.4
for 1 kg/min) and the effect of gas cooler water inlet temperature is
more significant (COP decreases 0.48 for given ranges) compared to
the evaporator water inlet temperature (COP increases 0.43 for given
ranges). Comparisons of experimental values with simulated results
show the maximum deviation of 5% for cooling capacity, 10% for
heating capacity, 16% for system COP. This study offers useful
guidelines for selecting appropriate water mass flow rate to obtain
required system performance.
Abstract: The high world interest given to the researches concerning the study of moderately halophilic solvent-tolerant bacteria isolated from marine polluted environments is due to their high biotechnological potential, and also to the perspective of their application in different remediation technologies. Using enrichment procedures, I isolated two moderately halophilic Gram-negative bacterial strains from seawater sample, which are tolerant to organic solvents. Cell tolerance, adhesion and cells viability of Aeromonas salmonicida IBBCt2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa IBBCt3 in the presence of organic solvents depends not only on its physicochemical properties and its concentration, but also on the specific response of the cells, and the cellular response is not the same for these bacterial strains. n-hexane, n-heptane, propylbenzene, with log POW between 3.69 and 4.39, were less toxic for Aeromonas salmonicida IBBCt2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa IBBCt3, compared with toluene, styrene, xylene isomers and ethylbenzene, with log POW between 2.64 and 3.17. The results indicated that Aeromonas salmonicida IBBCt2 is more susceptible to organic solvents than Pseudomonas aeruginosa IBBCt3. The mechanisms underlying solvent tolerance (e.g., the existance of the efflux pumps) in Aeromonas salmonicida IBBCt2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa IBBCt3 it was also studied.
Abstract: This research studied about green logistics and the
expected benefit that organization gotten when adapted to green
logistics also the organization concerned about the important activity
in green logistics to apply in implementation from study was found
that the benefit of green logistics that organization was gotten by
logistics management which was the increased efficiency process of
management the product from producer to customer all of reduce
production cost, increased value added save energy and prevented
environment together
From study was found that the organization had green logistics to
apply in logistics activities in supply chain since downstream till
upstream to prevent environment as follow 1). Purchasing process,
trade facilitation enhance such as linking of information technology
during business to business (B2B business). 2). Productions process
improved by business logistics improvement 3). Warehouse
management process such as recycled packaging, moving goods in to
warehouse, transportation goods and inside receiving and delivery
products plan.
Abstract: Combustion, emission and performance
characterization of a single cylinder diesel engine using methanol
diesel blends was carried out. The blends were 5% (v/v) methanol in
diesel (MD05) and 10% (v/v) methanol in diesel (MD10). The
problem of solubility of methanol and diesel was addressed by an
agitator placed inside the fuel tank to prevent phase separation. The
results indicated that total combustion duration was reduced by15.8%
for MD05 and 31.27% for MD10compared to the baseline data.
Ignition delay was increased with increasing methanol volume
fraction in the test fuel. Total cyclic heat release was reduced by
1.5% for MD05 and 6.7% for MD10 as compared to diesel baseline.
Emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons along with smoke were
reduced and that of nitrogen oxides were increased with rising
methanol contents in the test fuel. Full load brake thermal efficiency
was marginally reduced with increased methanol composition in the
blend.
Abstract: The current of professional bicycle pedal-s
manufacturing model mostly used casting, forging, die-casting
processing methods, so the paper used 7075 aluminum alloy which is
to produce the bicycle parts most commonly, and employs the
rigid-plastic finite element (FE) DEFORMTM 3D software to simulate
and to analyze the professional bicycle pedal design. First we use Solid
works 2010 3D graphics software to design the professional bicycle
pedal of the mold and appearance, then import finite element (FE)
DEFORMTM 3D software for analysis. The paper used rigid-plastic
model analytical methods, and assuming mode to be rigid body. A
series of simulation analyses in which the variables depend on
different temperature of forging billet, friction factors, forging speed,
mold temperature are reveal to effective stress, effective strain, damage
and die radial load distribution for forging bicycle pedal. The analysis
results hope to provide professional bicycle pedal forming mold
references to identified whether suit with the finite element results for
high-strength design suitability of aluminum alloy.
Abstract: Direct numerical simulation (DNS) is used to study the evolution of a boundary layer that was laminar initially followed by separation and then reattachment owing to generation of turbulence. This creates a closed region of recirculation, known as the laminar-separation bubble. The present simulation emulates the flow environment encountered in a modern LP turbine blade, where a laminar separation bubble may occur on the suction surface. The unsteady, incompressible three-dimensional (3-D) Navier-Stokes (NS) equations have been solved over a flat plate in the Cartesian coordinates. The adverse pressure gradient, which causes the flow to separate, is created by a boundary condition. The separated shear layer undergoes transition through appearance of ╬ø vortices, stretching of these create longitudinal streaks. Breakdown of the streaks into small and irregular structures makes the flow turbulent downstream.
Abstract: We introduce a novel approach to measuring how
humans learn based on techniques from information theory and
apply it to the oriental game of Go. We show that the total amount
of information observable in human strategies, called the strategic
information, remains constant for populations of players of differing
skill levels for well studied patterns of play. This is despite the very
large amount of knowledge required to progress from the recreational
players at one end of our spectrum to the very best and most
experienced players in the world at the other and is in contrast to
the idea that having more knowledge might imply more 'certainty'
in what move to play next. We show this is true for very local
up to medium sized board patterns, across a variety of different
moves using 80,000 game records. Consequences for theoretical and
practical AI are outlined.
Abstract: The acoustic and articulatory properties of fricative speech sounds are being studied using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and acoustic recordings from a single subject. Area functions were derived from a complete set of axial and coronal MR slices using two different methods: the Mermelstein technique and the Blum transform. Area functions derived from the two techniques were shown to differ significantly in some cases. Such differences will lead to different acoustic predictions and it is important to know which is the more accurate. The vocal tract acoustic transfer function (VTTF) was derived from these area functions for each fricative and compared with measured speech signals for the same fricative and same subject. The VTTFs for /f/ in two vowel contexts and the corresponding acoustic spectra are derived here; the Blum transform appears to show a better match between prediction and measurement than the Mermelstein technique.
Abstract: Unsteady boundary layer flow of an incompressible
micropolar fluid over a stretching sheet when the sheet is stretched in
its own plane is studied in this paper. The stretching velocity is
assumed to vary linearly with the distance along the sheet. Two equal
and opposite forces are impulsively applied along the x-axis so that the
sheet is stretched, keeping the origin fixed in a micropolar fluid. The
transformed unsteady boundary layer equations are solved
numerically using the Keller-box method for the whole transient from
the initial state to final steady-state flow. Numerical results are
obtained for the velocity and microrotation distributions as well as the
skin friction coefficient for various values of the material parameter K.
It is found that there is a smooth transition from the small-time
solution to the large-time solution.
Abstract: This paper studies the effect of different compression
constraints and schemes presented in a new and flexible paradigm to
achieve high compression ratios and acceptable signal to noise ratios
of Arabic speech signals. Compression parameters are computed for
variable frame sizes of a level 5 to 7 Discrete Wavelet Transform
(DWT) representation of the signals for different analyzing mother
wavelet functions. Results are obtained and compared for Global
threshold and level dependent threshold techniques. The results
obtained also include comparisons with Signal to Noise Ratios, Peak
Signal to Noise Ratios and Normalized Root Mean Square Error.
Abstract: Many studies have shown that Artificial Neural
Networks (ANN) have been widely used for forecasting financial
markets, because of many financial and economic variables are nonlinear,
and an ANN can model flexible linear or non-linear
relationship among variables.
The purpose of the study was to employ an ANN models to
predict the direction of the Istanbul Stock Exchange National 100
Indices (ISE National-100).
As a result of this study, the model forecast the direction of the
ISE National-100 to an accuracy of 74, 51%.
Abstract: The effect of dry milling on the carbothermic
reduction of celestite was investigated. Mixtures of celestite
concentrate (98% SrSO4) and activated carbon (99% carbon) was
milled for 1 and 24 hours in a planetary ball mill. Un-milled and
milled mixtures and their products after carbothermic reduction were
studied by a combination of XRD and TGA/DTA experiments. The
thermogravimetric analyses and XRD results showed that by milling
celestite-carbon mixtures for one hour, the formation temperature of
strontium sulfide decreased from about 720°C (in un-milled sample)
to about 600°C, after 24 hours milling it decreased to 530°C. It was
concluded that milling induces increasingly thorough mixing of the
reactants to reduction occurring at lower temperatures
Abstract: The grey oyster mushroom, Pleurotus sajor-caju
(PSC), is a common edible mushroom and is now grown
commercially around the world for food. This fungus has been
broadly used as food or food ingredients in various food products for
a long time. To enhance the nutritional quality and sensory attributes
of bakery-based products, PSC powder is used in the present study to
partially replace wheat flour in baked product formulations. The
nutrient content and sensory properties of rice-porridge and
unleavened bread (paratha) incorporated with various levels of PSC
powder were studied. These food items were formulated with either
0%, 2%, 4% or 6% of PSC powder. Results show PSC powder
recorded β-glucan at 3.57g/100g. In sensory evaluation, consumers
gave higher score to both rice-porridge and paratha bread containing
2-4% PSC compared to those that are not added with PSC powder.
The paratha containing 4% PSC powder can be formulated with the
intention in improving overall acceptability of paratha bread.
Meanwhile, for rice-porridge, consumers prefer the formulated
product added with 4% PSC powder. In conclusion, the addition of
PSC powder to partially wheat flour can be recommended for the
purpose of enhancing nutritional composition and maintaining the
acceptability of carbohydrate-based products.
Abstract: One problem in evaluating recent computational models of human category learning is that there is no standardized method for systematically comparing the models' assumptions or hypotheses. In the present study, a flexible general model (called GECLE) is introduced that can be used as a framework to systematically manipulate and compare the effects and descriptive validities of a limited number of assumptions at a time. Two example simulation studies are presented to show how the GECLE framework can be useful in the field of human high-order cognition research.
Abstract: In this paper an ant colony optimization algorithm is
developed to solve the permutation flow shop scheduling problem. In
the permutation flow shop scheduling problem which has been vastly
studied in the literature, there are a set of m machines and a set of n
jobs. All the jobs are processed on all the machines and the sequence
of jobs being processed is the same on all the machines. Here this
problem is optimized considering two criteria, makespan and total
flow time. Then the results are compared with the ones obtained by
previously developed algorithms. Finally it is visible that our
proposed approach performs best among all other algorithms in the
literature.
Abstract: Tomato powder has good potential as substitute of tomato paste and other tomato products. In order to protect physicochemical properties and nutritional quality of tomato during dehydration process, investigation was carried out using different drying methods and pretreatments. Solar drier and continuous conveyor (tunnel) drier were used for dehydration where as calcium chloride (CaCl2), potassium metabisulphite (KMS), calcium chloride and potassium metabisulphite (CaCl2 +KMS), and sodium chloride (NaCl) selected for treatment.. lycopene content, dehydration ratio, rehydration ratio and non-enzymatic browning in addition to moisture, sugar and titrable acidity were studied. Results show that pre-treatment with CaCl2 and NaCl increased water removal and moisture mobility in tomato slices during drying of tomatoes. Where CaCl2 used along with KMS the NEB was recorded the least compared to other treatments and the best results were obtained while using the two chemicals in combination form. Storage studies in LDPE polymeric and metalized polyesters films showed less changes in the products packed in metallized polyester pouches and even after 6 months lycopene content did not decrease more than 20% as compared to the control sample and provide extension of shelf life in acceptable condition for 6 months. In most of the quality characteristics tunnel drier samples presented better values in comparison to solar drier.
Abstract: Educational institutions are increasingly exploring the affordances of 3D virtual worlds for instruction and research, but few studies have been done to document current practices and uses of this emerging technology. This observational survey examines the virtual presences of 170 accredited educational institutions found in one such 3D virtual world called Second Life®, created by San- Francisco based Linden Lab®. The study focuses on what educational institutions look like in this virtual environment, the types of spaces educational institutions are creating or simulating, and what types of activities are being conducted.