Abstract: Performing High Voltage (HV) tasks with a multi craft
work force create a special set of safety circumstances. This paper
aims to present vital information relating to when it is acceptable to
use a single or a two-layer soil structure. Also it discusses the
implication of the high voltage infrastructure on the earth grid and the
safety of this implication under a single or a two-layer soil structure.
A multiple case study is investigated to show the importance of using
the right soil resistivity structure during the earthing system design.
Abstract: To reduce accidents in the industry, WSNs(Wireless Sensor
networks)- sensor data is used. WSNs- sensor data has the persistence and
continuity. therefore, we design and exploit the buffer management system that
has the persistence and continuity to avoid and delivery data conflicts. To
develop modules, we use the multi buffers and design the buffer management
modules that transfer sensor data through the context-aware methods.
Abstract: In industry, on of the most important subjects is die
and it's characteristics in which for cutting and forming different
mechanical pieces, various punch and matrix metal die are used.
whereas the common parts which form the main frame die are not
often proportion with pieces and dies therefore using a part as socalled
common part for frames in specified dimension ranges can
decrease the time of designing, occupied space of warehouse and
manufacturing costs. Parts in dies with getting uniform in their shape
and dimension make common parts of dies. Common parts of punch
and matrix metal die are as bolster, guide bush, guide pillar and
shank. In this paper the common parts and effective parameters in
selecting each of them as the primary information are studied,
afterward for selection and design of mechanical parts an
introduction and investigation based on the Mech. Desk. software is
done hence with developing this software can standardize the metal
common parts of punch and matrix. These studies will be so useful
for designer in their designing and also using it has with very much
advantage for manufactures of products in decreasing occupied
spaces by dies.
Abstract: Fossil fuels are the major source to meet the world
energy requirements but its rapidly diminishing rate and adverse
effects on our ecological system are of major concern. Renewable
energy utilization is the need of time to meet the future challenges.
Ocean energy is the one of these promising energy resources. Threefourths
of the earth-s surface is covered by the oceans. This enormous
energy resource is contained in the oceans- waters, the air above the
oceans, and the land beneath them. The renewable energy source of
ocean mainly is contained in waves, ocean current and offshore solar
energy. Very fewer efforts have been made to harness this reliable
and predictable resource. Harnessing of ocean energy needs detail
knowledge of underlying mathematical governing equation and their
analysis. With the advent of extra ordinary computational resources
it is now possible to predict the wave climatology in lab simulation.
Several techniques have been developed mostly stem from numerical
analysis of Navier Stokes equations. This paper presents a brief over
view of such mathematical model and tools to understand and
analyze the wave climatology. Models of 1st, 2nd and 3rd generations
have been developed to estimate the wave characteristics to assess the
power potential. A brief overview of available wave energy
technologies is also given. A novel concept of on-shore wave energy
extraction method is also presented at the end. The concept is based
upon total energy conservation, where energy of wave is transferred
to the flexible converter to increase its kinetic energy. Squeezing
action by the external pressure on the converter body results in
increase velocities at discharge section. High velocity head then can
be used for energy storage or for direct utility of power generation.
This converter utilizes the both potential and kinetic energy of the
waves and designed for on-shore or near-shore application. Increased
wave height at the shore due to shoaling effects increases the
potential energy of the waves which is converted to renewable
energy. This approach will result in economic wave energy
converter due to near shore installation and more dense waves due to
shoaling. Method will be more efficient because of tapping both
potential and kinetic energy of the waves.
Abstract: This paper deals with the design of a moving sliding
surface in a variable structure plant for a second order system. The
chattering phenomena is also dealt with during the switching process
for an unstable sliding surface condition. The simulation examples
considered in this paper shows the effectiveness of the sliding mode
control method used for the design of the moving sliding surfaces. A
simulink model of the continuous system was also developed in
MATLAB-SIMULINK for the design and hence demonstrated. The
phase portraits and the state plots shows the demonstration of
the powerful control technique which can be applied for second
order systems.
Abstract: Modularized design approach can facilitate the
modeling of complex systems and support behavior analysis and
simulation in an iterative and thus complex engineering process, by
using encapsulated submodels of components and of their interfaces.
Therefore it can improve the design efficiency and simplify the
solving complicated problem. Multi-drivers off-road vehicle is
comparatively complicated. Driving-line is an important core part to a
vehicle; it has a significant contribution to the performance of a
vehicle. Multi-driver off-road vehicles have complex driving-line, so
its performance is heavily dependent on the driving-line. A typical
off-road vehicle-s driving-line system consists of torque converter,
transmission, transfer case and driving-axles, which transfer the
power, generated by the engine and distribute it effectively to the
driving wheels according to the road condition. According to its main
function, this paper puts forward a modularized approach for
designing and evaluation of vehicle-s driving-line. It can be used to
effectively estimate the performance of driving-line during concept
design stage. Through appropriate analysis and assessment method, an
optimal design can be reached. This method has been applied to the
practical vehicle design, it can improve the design efficiency and is
convenient to assess and validate the performance of a vehicle,
especially of multi-drivers off-road vehicle.
Abstract: Chloride induced corrosion of steel reinforcement is
the main cause of deterioration of reinforced concrete marine
structures. This paper investigates the relative performance of
alternative repair options with respect to the deterioration of
reinforced concrete bridge elements in marine environments. Focus is
placed on the initiation phase of reinforcement corrosion. A
laboratory study is described which involved exposing concrete
samples to accelerated chloride-ion ingress. The study examined the
relative efficiencies of two repair methods, namely Ordinary Portland
Cement (OPC) concrete and a concrete which utilised Ground
Granulated Blastfurnace Cement (GGBS) as a partial cement
replacement. The mix designs and materials utilised were identical to
those implemented in the repair of a marine bridge on the South East
coast of Ireland in 2007. The results of this testing regime serve to
inform input variables employed in probabilistic modelling of
deterioration for subsequent reliability based analysis to compare the
relative performance of the studied repair options.
Abstract: Corporate identity, which has several advantages such
that the employees become integrated with their corporations,
corporation is distinguished from its competitors and it is recognized
by the masses, is the total of the distinctive corporate features that
and corporation has. That the information takes part in production as
a more important component than labor and capital has required that
the corporations are reorganized as information-based. Therefore,
information and its management have reached a basic and prevalent
position in having sustainable competitive advantage. Thanks to the
information management which regulates the information and makes
it reachable and available, information will be produced in line with a
specific purpose in the corporations and be used in all the corporate
processes. As an auxiliary power for increase in the economic
potential, efficiency and productivity of the corporation, corporate
identity consists of four components. These are corporate philosophy,
corporate design, corporate behavior and corporate communication.
In this study, the effects of the information management on corporate
identity are discussed from the point of these four elements.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to investigate the
performance of the developed two point block method designed for
two processors for solving directly non stiff large systems of higher
order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The method calculates
the numerical solution at two points simultaneously and produces
two new equally spaced solution values within a block and it is
possible to assign the computational tasks at each time step to a
single processor. The algorithm of the method was developed in C
language and the parallel computation was done on a parallel shared
memory environment. Numerical results are given to compare the
efficiency of the developed method to the sequential timing. For
large problems, the parallel implementation produced 1.95 speed-up
and 98% efficiency for the two processors.
Abstract: Applying a rigorous process to optimize the elements
of a supply-chain network resulted in reduction of the waiting time
for a service provider and customer. Different sources of downtime
of hydraulic pressure controller/calibrator (HPC) were causing
interruptions in the operations. The process examined all the issues to
drive greater efficiencies. The issues included inherent design issues
with HPC pump, contamination of the HPC with impurities, and the
lead time required for annual calibration in the USA.
HPC is used for mandatory testing/verification of formation
tester/pressure measurement/logging-while drilling tools by oilfield
service providers, including Halliburton.
After market study andanalysis, it was concluded that the current
HPC model is best suited in the oilfield industry. To use theexisting
HPC model effectively, design andcontamination issues were
addressed through design and process improvements. An optimum
network is proposed after comparing different supply-chain models
for calibration lead-time reduction.
Abstract: Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) technique
obtained a significant attention in machining processes to reduce
environmental loads caused by usage of conventional cutting fluids.
Recently nanofluids are finding an extensive application in the field
of mechanical engineering because of their superior lubrication and
heat dissipation characteristics. This paper investigates the use of a
nanofluid under MQL mode to improve grinding characteristics of
Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Taguchi-s experimental design technique has been
used in the present investigation and a second order model has been
established to predict grinding forces and surface roughness.
Different concentrations of water based Al2O3 nanofluids were
applied in the grinding operation through MQL setup developed in
house and the results have been compared with those of conventional
coolant and pure water. Experimental results showed that grinding
forces reduced significantly when nano cutting fluid was used even at
low concentration of the nano particles and surface finish has been
found to improve with higher concentration of the nano particles.
Abstract: Iran is one of the greatest producers of date in the
world. However due to lack of information about its viscoelastic
properties, much of the production downgraded during harvesting
and postharvesting processes. In this study the effect of temperature
and moisture content of product were investigated on stress
relaxation characteristics. Therefore, the freshly harvested date
(kabkab) at tamar stage were put in controlled environment chamber
to obtain different temperature levels (25, 35, 45, and 55 0C) and
moisture contents (8.5, 8.7, 9.2, 15.3, 20, 32.2 %d.b.). A texture
analyzer TAXT2 (Stable Microsystems, UK) was used to apply
uniaxial compression tests. A chamber capable to control temperature
was designed and fabricated around the plunger of texture analyzer to
control the temperature during the experiment. As a new approach a
CCD camera (A4tech, 30 fps) was mounted on a cylindrical glass
probe to scan and record contact area between date and disk.
Afterwards, pictures were analyzed using image processing toolbox
of Matlab software. Individual date fruit was uniaxially compressed
at speed of 1 mm/s. The constant strain of 30% of thickness of date
was applied to the horizontally oriented fruit. To select a suitable
model for describing stress relaxation of date, experimental data were
fitted with three famous stress relaxation models including the
generalized Maxwell, Nussinovitch, and Pelege. The constant in
mentioned model were determined and correlated with temperature
and moisture content of product using non-linear regression analysis.
It was found that Generalized Maxwell and Nussinovitch models
appropriately describe viscoelastic characteristics of date fruits as
compared to Peleg mode.
Abstract: Active vibration control is an important problem in
structures. The objective of active vibration control is to reduce the vibrations of a system by automatic modification of the system-s
structural response. In this paper, the modeling and design of a fast
output sampling feedback controller for a smart flexible beam system embedded with shear sensors and actuators for SISO system using
Timoshenko beam theory is proposed. FEM theory, Timoshenko beam theory and the state space techniques are used to model the
aluminum cantilever beam. For the SISO case, the beam is divided into 5 finite elements and the control actuator is placed at finite
element position 1, whereas the sensor is varied from position 2 to 5, i.e., from the nearby fixed end to the free end. Controllers are
designed using FOS method and the performance of the designed FOS controller is evaluated for vibration control for 4 SISO models
of the same plant. The effect of placing the sensor at different locations on the beam is observed and the performance of the
controller is evaluated for vibration control. Some of the limitations of the Euler-Bernoulli theory such as the neglection of shear and
axial displacement are being considered here, thus giving rise to an accurate beam model. Embedded shear sensors and actuators have
been considered in this paper instead of the surface mounted sensors
and actuators for vibration suppression because of lot of advantages. In controlling the vibration modes, the first three dominant modes of
vibration of the system are considered.
Abstract: In this research, the use of light beam size to design the adjustable mirror bender is presented. The focused beam line characterized by its size towards the synchrotron light beam line is investigated. The COSMOSWorks is used in all simulation components of curvature adjustment system to analyze in finite element method. The results based on simulation covers the use of applied forces during adjustment of the mirror radius are presented.
Abstract: Internet is nowadays included to all National Curriculums of the elementary school. A comparative study of their
goals leads to the conclusion that a complete curriculum should aim to student-s acquisition of the abilities to navigate and search for
information and additionally to emphasize on the evaluation of the information provided by the World Wide Web. In a constructivistic knowledge framework the design of a course has to take under
consideration the conceptual representations of students. The following paper presents the conceptual representation of students of eleven years old, attending the Sixth Grade of Greek Elementary School about World Wide Web and their use in the design and
implementation of an innovative course.
Abstract: Back-to-back static synchronous compensator (BtBSTATCOM) consists of two back-to-back voltage-source converters (VSC) with a common DC link in a substation. This configuration extends the capabilities of conventional STATCOM that bidirectional active power transfer from one bus to another is possible. In this paper, VSCs are designed in quasi multi-pulse form in which GTOs are triggered only once per cycle in PSCAD/EMTDC. The design details of VSCs as well as gate switching circuits and controllers are fully represented. Regulation modes of BtBSTATCOM are verified and tested on a multi-machine power system through different simulation cases. The results presented in the form of typical time responses show that practical PI controllers are almost robust and stable in case of start-up, set-point change, and line faults.
Abstract: Improving performance measures in the construction
processes has been a major concern for managers and decision
makers in the industry. They seek for ways to recognize the key
factors which have the largest effect on the process. Identifying such
factors can guide them to focus on the right parts of the process in
order to gain the best possible result. In the present study design of
experiment (DOE) has been applied to a computer simulation model
of brick laying process to determine significant factors while
productivity has been chosen as the response of the experiment. To
this end, four controllable factors and their interaction have been
experimented and the best factor level has been calculated for each
one. The results indicate that three factors, namely, labor of brick,
labor of mortar and inter arrival time of mortar along with interaction
of labor of brick and labor of mortar are significant.
Abstract: The paper presents an optimization study based on
genetic algorithms (GA-s) for a radio-frequency applicator used in
heating dielectric band products. The weakly coupled electro-thermal
problem is analyzed using 2D-FEM. The design variables in the
optimization process are: the voltage of a supplementary “guard"
electrode and six geometric parameters of the applicator. Two
objective functions are used: temperature uniformity and total active
power absorbed by the dielectric. Both mono-objective and multiobjective
formulations are implemented in GA optimization.
Abstract: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises of sensor
nodes which are designed to sense the environment, transmit sensed
data back to the base station via multi-hop routing to reconstruct
physical phenomena. Since physical phenomena exists significant
overlaps between temporal redundancy and spatial redundancy, it is
necessary to use Redundancy Suppression Algorithms (RSA) for sensor
node to lower energy consumption by reducing the transmission
of redundancy. A conventional algorithm of RSAs is threshold-based
RSA, which sets threshold to suppress redundant data. Although
many temporal and spatial RSAs are proposed, temporal-spatial RSA
are seldom to be proposed because it is difficult to determine when
to utilize temporal or spatial RSAs. In this paper, we proposed a
novel temporal-spatial redundancy suppression algorithm, Codebookbase
Redundancy Suppression Mechanism (CRSM). CRSM adopts
vector quantization to generate a codebook, which is easily used to
implement temporal-spatial RSA. CRSM not only achieves power
saving and reliability for WSN, but also provides the predictability
of network lifetime. Simulation result shows that the network lifetime
of CRSM outperforms at least 23% of that of other RSAs.
Abstract: Recently research on human wayfinding has focused
mainly on mental representations rather than processes of
wayfinding. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the
rationality behind applying multi-agent simulation paradigm to the
modeling of rescuer team wayfinding in order to develop
computational theory of perceptual wayfinding in crisis situations
using image schemata and affordances, which explains how people
find a specific destination in an unfamiliar building such as a
hospital. The hypothesis of this paper is that successful navigation is
possible if the agents are able to make the correct decision through
well-defined cues in critical cases, so the design of the building
signage is evaluated through the multi-agent-based simulation. In
addition, a special case of wayfinding in a building, finding one-s
way through three hospitals, is used to demonstrate the model.
Thereby, total rescue time for rescue operation during building fire is
computed. This paper discuses the computed rescue time for various
signage localization and provides experimental result for
optimization of building signage design. Therefore the most
appropriate signage design resulted in the shortest total rescue time in
various situations.