Abstract: A comparison between the performance of Latin and
Arabic handwritten digits recognition problems is presented. The
performance of ten different classifiers is tested on two similar
Arabic and Latin handwritten digits databases. The analysis shows
that Arabic handwritten digits recognition problem is easier than that
of Latin digits. This is because the interclass difference in case of
Latin digits is smaller than in Arabic digits and variances in writing
Latin digits are larger. Consequently, weaker yet fast classifiers are
expected to play more prominent role in Arabic handwritten digits
recognition.
Abstract: High Speed PM Generators driven by micro-turbines
are widely used in Smart Grid System. So, this paper proposes
comparative study among six classical, optimized and genetic
analytical design cases for 400 kW output power at tip speed 200
m/s. These six design trials of High Speed Permanent Magnet
Synchronous Generators (HSPMSGs) are: Classical Sizing;
Unconstrained optimization for total losses and its minimization;
Constrained optimized total mass with bounded constraints are
introduced in the problem formulation. Then a genetic algorithm is
formulated for obtaining maximum efficiency and minimizing
machine size. In the second genetic problem formulation, we attempt
to obtain minimum mass, the machine sizing that is constrained by
the non-linear constraint function of machine losses. Finally, an
optimum torque per ampere genetic sizing is predicted. All results are
simulated with MATLAB, Optimization Toolbox and its Genetic
Algorithm. Finally, six analytical design examples comparisons are
introduced with study of machines waveforms, THD and rotor losses.
Abstract: One of the main environmental problems which affect extensive areas in the world is soil salinity. Traditional data collection methods are neither enough for considering this important environmental problem nor accurate for soil studies. Remote sensing data could overcome most of these problems. Although satellite images are commonly used for these studies, however there are still needs to find the best calibration between the data and real situations in each specified area. Neyshaboor area, North East of Iran was selected as a field study of this research. Landsat satellite images for this area were used in order to prepare suitable learning samples for processing and classifying the images. 300 locations were selected randomly in the area to collect soil samples and finally 273 locations were reselected for further laboratory works and image processing analysis. Electrical conductivity of all samples was measured. Six reflective bands of ETM+ satellite images taken from the study area in 2002 were used for soil salinity classification. The classification was carried out using common algorithms based on the best composition bands. The results showed that the reflective bands 7, 3, 4 and 1 are the best band composition for preparing the color composite images. We also found out, that hybrid classification is a suitable method for identifying and delineation of different salinity classes in the area.
Abstract: Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a recent class of statistical classification and regression techniques playing an increasing role in applications to detection problems in various engineering problems, notably in statistical signal processing, pattern recognition, image analysis, and communication systems. In this paper, SVM is applied to an infrared (IR) binary communication system with different types of channel models including Ricean multipath fading and partially developed scattering channel with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) at the receiver. The structure and performance of SVM in terms of the bit error rate (BER) metric is derived and simulated for these channel stochastic models and the computational complexity of the implementation, in terms of average computational time per bit, is also presented. The performance of SVM is then compared to classical binary signal maximum likelihood detection using a matched filter driven by On-Off keying (OOK) modulation. We found that the performance of SVM is superior to that of the traditional optimal detection schemes used in statistical communication, especially for very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ranges. For large SNR, the performance of the SVM is similar to that of the classical detectors. The implication of these results is that SVM can prove very beneficial to IR communication systems that notoriously suffer from low SNR at the cost of increased computational complexity.
Abstract: In this paper, a generalized synchronization scheme, which is called function synchronization, for chaotic systems is studied. Based on Lyapunov method and active control method, we design the synchronization controller for the system such that the error dynamics between master and slave chaotic systems is asymptotically stable. For verification of our theory, computer and circuit simulations for a specific chaotic system is conducted.
Abstract: The presence of harmonic in power system is a major
concerned to power engineers for many years. With the increasing
usage of nonlinear loads in power systems, the harmonic pollution
becomes more serious. One of the widely used computation
algorithm for harmonic analysis is fast Fourier transform (FFT). In
this paper, a harmonic analyzer using FFT was implemented on
TMS320C6713 DSK. The supply voltage of 240 V 59 Hz is stepped
down to 5V using a voltage divider in order to match the power
rating of the DSK input. The output from the DSK was displayed on
oscilloscope and Code Composer Studio™ software. This work has
demonstrated the possibility of analyzing the 240V power supply
harmonic content using the DSK board.
Abstract: This paper presents a design and prototype
implementation of new home automation system that uses WiFi
technology as a network infrastructure connecting its parts. The
proposed system consists of two main components; the first part is
the server (web server), which presents system core that manages,
controls, and monitors users- home. Users and system administrator
can locally (LAN) or remotely (internet) manage and control system
code. Second part is hardware interface module, which provides
appropriate interface to sensors and actuator of home automation
system. Unlike most of available home automation system in the
market the proposed system is scalable that one server can manage
many hardware interface modules as long as it exists on WiFi
network coverage. System supports a wide range of home
automation devices like power management components, and
security components. The proposed system is better from the
scalability and flexibility point of view than the commercially
available home automation systems.
Abstract: In this paper, the decomposition-aggregation method
is used to carry out connective stability criteria for general linear
composite system via aggregation. The large scale system is
decomposed into a number of subsystems. By associating directed
graphs with dynamic systems in an essential way, we define the
relation between system structure and stability in the sense of
Lyapunov. The stability criteria is then associated with the stability
and system matrices of subsystems as well as those interconnected
terms among subsystems using the concepts of vector differential
inequalities and vector Lyapunov functions. Then, we show that the
stability of each subsystem and stability of the aggregate model
imply connective stability of the overall system. An example is
reported, showing the efficiency of the proposed technique.
Abstract: The increasing complexity of software development based on peer to peer networks makes necessary the creation of new frameworks in order to simplify the developer-s task. Additionally, some applications, e.g. fire detection or security alarms may require real-time constraints and the high level definition of these features eases the application development. In this paper, a service model based on a component model with real-time features is proposed. The high-level model will abstract developers from implementation tasks, such as discovery, communication, security or real-time requirements. The model is oriented to deploy services on small mobile devices, such as sensors, mobile phones and PDAs, where the computation is light-weight. Services can be composed among them by means of the port concept to form complex ad-hoc systems and their implementation is carried out using a component language called UM-RTCOM. In order to apply our proposals a fire detection application is described.
Abstract: In this paper a new method for increasing the speed of
SAGCM-APD is proposed. Utilizing carrier rate equations in
different regions of the structure, a circuit model for the structure is
obtained. In this research, in addition to frequency response, the
effect of added new charge layer on some transient parameters like
slew-rate, rising and falling times have been considered. Finally, by
trading-off among some physical parameters such as different layers
widths and droppings, a noticeable decrease in breakdown voltage
has been achieved. The results of simulation, illustrate some features
of proposed structure improvement in comparison with conventional
SAGCM-APD structures.
Abstract: In this paper we analyze the core issues affecting
software architecture in enterprise projects where a large number of
people at different backgrounds are involved and complex business,
management and technical problems exist. We first give general
features of typical enterprise projects and then present foundations of
software architectures. The detailed analysis of core issues affecting
software architecture in software development phases is given. We
focus on three main areas in each development phase: people,
process, and management related issues, structural (product) issues,
and technology related issues. After we point out core issues and
problems in these main areas, we give recommendations for
designing good architecture. We observed these core issues and the
importance of following the best software development practices and
also developed some novel practices in many big enterprise
commercial and military projects in about 10 years of experience.
Abstract: This study analyzed environmental health risks and
people-s perceptions of risks related to waste management in poor
settlements of Abidjan, to develop integrated solutions for health and
well-being improvement. The trans-disciplinary approach used relied
on remote sensing, a geographic information system (GIS),
qualitative and quantitative methods such as interviews and a
household survey (n=1800). Mitigating strategies were then
developed using an integrated participatory stakeholder workshop.
Waste management deficiencies resulting in lack of drainage and
uncontrolled solid and liquid waste disposal in the poor settlements
lead to severe environmental health risks. Health problems were
caused by direct handling of waste, as well as through broader
exposure of the population. People in poor settlements had little
awareness of health risks related to waste management in their
community and a general lack of knowledge pertaining to sanitation
systems. This unfortunate combination was the key determinant
affecting the health and vulnerability. For example, an increased
prevalence of malaria (47.1%) and diarrhoea (19.2%) was observed
in the rainy season when compared to the dry season (32.3% and
14.3%). Concerted and adapted solutions that suited all the
stakeholders concerned were developed in a participatory workshop
to allow for improvement of health and well-being.
Abstract: This is a survey research using quantitative and qualitative methodology. There were three objectives: 1) To study participatory level of community in water and waste environment management. 2) To study the affecting factors for community participation in water and waste environment management in Ampawa District, Samut Songkram Province. 3) To search for the participatory patterns in water and waste management. The population sample for the quantitative research was 1,364 people living in Ampawa District. The methodology was simple random sampling. Research instrument was a questionnaire and the qualitative research used purposive sampling in 6 Sub Districts which are Ta Ka, Suanluang, Bangkae, Muangmai, Kwae-om, and Bangnanglee Sub District Administration Organization. Total population is 63. For data analysis, the study used content analysis from quantitative research to synthesize and build question frame from the content for interview and conducting focus group interview. The study found that the community participatory in the issue of level in water and waste management are moderate of planning, operation, and evaluation. The issue of being beneficial is at low level. Therefore, the overall participatory level of community in water and waste environment management is at a medium level. The factors affecting the participatory of community in water and waste management are age, the period dwelling in the community and membership in which the mean difference is statistic significant at 0.05 in area of operation, being beneficial, and evaluation. For patterns of community participation, there is the correlation with water and waste management in 4 concerns which are 1) Participation in planning 2) Participation in operation 3) Participation in being beneficial both directly and indirectly benefited 4) Participation in evaluation and monitoring. The recommendation from this study is the need to create conscious awareness in order to increase participation level of people by organizing activities that promote participation with volunteer spirit. Government should open opportunities for people to participate in sharing ideas and create the culture of living together with equality which would build more concrete participation.
Abstract: The dramatic increasing of sea-freight container
transportations and the developing trends for using containers in the
multimodal handling systems through the sea, rail, road and land in
nowadays market cause general managers of container terminals to
face challenges such as increasing demand, competitive situation,
new investments and expansion of new activities and need to use new
methods to fulfil effective operations both along quayside and within
the yard. Among these issues, minimizing the turnaround time of
vessels is considered to be the first aim of every container port
system. Regarding the complex structure of container ports, this
paper presents a simulation model that calculates the number of
trucks needed in the Iranian Shahid Rajaee Container Port for
handling containers between the berth and the yard. In this research,
some important criteria such as vessel turnaround time, gantry crane
utilization and truck utilization have been considered. By analyzing
the results of the model, it has been shown that increasing the number
of trucks to 66 units has a significant effect on the performance
indices of the port and can increase the capacity of loading and
unloading up to 10.8%.
Abstract: In this paper multivariable predictive PID controller has
been implemented on a multi-inputs multi-outputs control problem
i.e., quadruple tank system, in comparison with a simple multiloop
PI controller. One of the salient feature of this system is an
adjustable transmission zero which can be adjust to operate in both
minimum and non-minimum phase configuration, through the flow
distribution to upper and lower tanks in quadruple tank system.
Stability and performance analysis has also been carried out for this
highly interactive two input two output system, both in minimum
and non-minimum phases. Simulations of control system revealed
that better performance are obtained in predictive PID design.
Abstract: Complexity, as a theoretical background has made it
easier to understand and explain the features and dynamic behavior
of various complex systems. As the common theoretical background
has confirmed, borrowing the terminology for design from the
natural sciences has helped to control and understand urban
complexity. Phenomena like self-organization, evolution and
adaptation are appropriate to describe the formerly inaccessible
characteristics of the complex environment in unpredictable bottomup
systems. Increased computing capacity has been a key element in
capturing the chaotic nature of these systems.
A paradigm shift in urban planning and architectural design has
forced us to give up the illusion of total control in urban
environment, and consequently to seek for novel methods for
steering the development. New methods using dynamic modeling
have offered a real option for more thorough understanding of
complexity and urban processes. At best new approaches may renew
the design processes so that we get a better grip on the complex
world via more flexible processes, support urban environmental
diversity and respond to our needs beyond basic welfare by liberating
ourselves from the standardized minimalism.
A complex system and its features are as such beyond human
ethics. Self-organization or evolution is either good or bad. Their
mechanisms are by nature devoid of reason. They are common in
urban dynamics in both natural processes and gas. They are features
of a complex system, and they cannot be prevented. Yet their
dynamics can be studied and supported.
The paradigm of complexity and new design approaches has been
criticized for a lack of humanity and morality, but the ethical
implications of scientific or computational design processes have not
been much discussed. It is important to distinguish the (unexciting)
ethics of the theory and tools from the ethics of computer aided
processes based on ethical decisions. Urban planning and architecture
cannot be based on the survival of the fittest; however, the natural
dynamics of the system cannot be impeded on grounds of being
“non-human".
In this paper the ethical challenges of using the dynamic models
are contemplated in light of a few examples of new architecture and
dynamic urban models and literature. It is suggested that ethical
challenges in computational design processes could be reframed
under the concepts of responsibility and transparency.
Abstract: The use of the oncologic index ISTER allows for a more effective planning of the radiotherapic facilities in the hospitals. Any change in the radiotherapy treatment, due to unexpected stops, may be adapted by recalculating the doses to the new treatment duration while keeping the optimal prognosis. The results obtained in a simulation model on millions of patients allow the definition of optimal success probability algorithms.
Abstract: The growing influence of service industries has
prompted greater attention being paid to service operations
management. However, service managers often have difficulty
articulating the veritable effects of their service innovation. Especially,
the performance evaluation process of service innovation problems
generally involves uncertain and imprecise data. This paper presents a
2-tuple fuzzy linguistic computing approach to dealing with
heterogeneous information and information loss problems while the
processes of subjective evaluation integration. The proposed method
based on group decision-making scenario to assist business managers
in measuring performance of service innovation manipulates the
heterogeneity integration processes and avoids the information loss
effectively.
Abstract: The paper is devoted to stochastic analysis of finite
dimensional difference equation with dependent on ergodic Markov
chain increments, which are proportional to small parameter ". A
point-form solution of this difference equation may be represented
as vertexes of a time-dependent continuous broken line given on the
segment [0,1] with "-dependent scaling of intervals between vertexes.
Tending " to zero one may apply stochastic averaging and diffusion
approximation procedures and construct continuous approximation of
the initial stochastic iterations as an ordinary or stochastic Ito differential
equation. The paper proves that for sufficiently small " these
equations may be successfully applied not only to approximate finite
number of iterations but also for asymptotic analysis of iterations,
when number of iterations tends to infinity.
Abstract: Traffic Management and Information Systems, which rely on a system of sensors, aim to describe in real-time traffic in urban areas using a set of parameters and estimating them. Though the state of the art focuses on data analysis, little is done in the sense of prediction. In this paper, we describe a machine learning system for traffic flow management and control for a prediction of traffic flow problem. This new algorithm is obtained by combining Random Forests algorithm into Adaboost algorithm as a weak learner. We show that our algorithm performs relatively well on real data, and enables, according to the Traffic Flow Evaluation model, to estimate and predict whether there is congestion or not at a given time on road intersections.