Abstract: In recent years, response surface methodology (RSM) has
brought many attentions of many quality engineers in different
industries. Most of the published literature on robust design
methodology is basically concerned with optimization of a single
response or quality characteristic which is often most critical to
consumers. For most products, however, quality is multidimensional,
so it is common to observe multiple responses in an experimental
situation. Through this paper interested person will be familiarize
with this methodology via surveying of the most cited technical
papers.
It is believed that the proposed procedure in this study can resolve
a complex parameter design problem with more than two responses.
It can be applied to those areas where there are large data sets and a
number of responses are to be optimized simultaneously. In addition,
the proposed procedure is relatively simple and can be implemented
easily by using ready-made standard statistical packages.
Abstract: As we make progressive products for good works, and
future industries want to get higher speed and resolution from various
developments in the robotics as well as precise control system, the
concept of control feedback is getting more important. Within a range
of industrial developments, the concept is most responsible for the
high reliability of a device. We explain an efficient analyzing method
of a rotary encoder such as an incremental type encoder and absolute
type encoder using the LabVIEW program
Abstract: The study aimed to identify the logical structure of
data and particularities of developing and testing a website designed
for selling farm products through online auctions.
The research is based on a short literature review in the field and
exploratory trials of some successful models from other industries, in
order to identify the advantages of using such tool, as well as the
optimal structure and functionality of an auction portal. In the last
part, the study focuses on the results of testing the website by the
potential beneficiaries.
Conclusions of the study underlines that the particularities of some
agricultural products could raise difficulties in the process of selling
them through online auctions, but the use of such system it is
perceived to bring significant improvements in the supply chain.
The results of scientific investigations require a more detailed
study regarding the importance of using quality standards for
agricultural products sold via online auction, the impact that
implementation of an online payment system could have on trade
with agricultural products and problems which could arise in using
the website in different countries.
Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) performing their
operations for a long time have been attracting much attention in
military and civil aviation industries for the past decade. The
applicable field of UAV is changing from the military purpose only to
the civil one. Because of their low operation cost, high reliability and
the necessity of various application areas, numerous development
programs have been initiated around the world. To obtain the optimal
solutions of the design variable (i.e., sectional airfoil profile, wing
taper ratio and sweep) for high performance of UAVs, both the lift and
lift-to-drag ratio are maximized whereas the pitching moment should
be minimized, simultaneously. It is found that the lift force and
lift-to-drag ratio are linearly dependent and a unique and dominant
solution are existed. However, a trade-off phenomenon is observed
between the lift-to-drag ratio and pitching moment. As the result of
optimization, sixty-five (65) non-dominated Pareto individuals at the
cutting edge of design spaces that are decided by airfoil shapes can be
obtained.
Abstract: Higher capacities of power plants together with
increased awareness on environmental considerations have led to
taller height of stacks. It is seen that strong wind can result in falling
of stacks. So, aerodynamic consideration of stacks is very important
in order to save the falling of stacks. One stack is not enough in
industries and power sectors and two or three stacks are required for
proper operation of the unit. It is very important to arrange the stacks
in proper way to resist their downfall. The present experimental
study concentrates on the mutual effect of three nearby stacks on
each other at three different arrangements, viz. linear, side-by-side
and triangular. The experiments find out the directions of resultant
forces acting on the stacks in different configurations so that proper
arrangement of supports can be made with respect to the wind
directionality obtained from local meteorological data. One can also
easily ascertain which stack is more vulnerable to wind in
comparison to the others for a particular configuration. Thus, this
study is important in studying the effect of wind force on three stacks
in different arrangements and is very helpful in placing the supports
in proper places in order to avoid failing of stack-like structures due
to wind.
Abstract: Today-s healthcare industries had become more
patient-centric than profession-centric, from which the issues of quality of healthcare and the patient safety are the major concerns in the modern healthcare facilities. An unplanned extubation (UE) may
be detrimental to the patient-s life, and thus is one of the major indexes
of patient safety and healthcare quality. A high UE rate not only
defeated the healthcare quality as well as the patient safety policy but
also the nurses- morality, and job satisfaction. The UE problem in a psychiatric hospital is unique and may be a tough challenge for the
healthcare professionals for the patients were mostly lacking communication capabilities. We reported with this essay a particular
project that was organized to reduce the UE rate from the current 2.3%
to a lower and satisfactory level in the long-term care units of a psychiatric hospital. The project was conducted between March 1st,
2011 and August 31st, 2011. Based on the error information gathered
from varied units of the hospital, the team analyzed the root causes
with possible solutions proposed to the meetings. Four solutions were
then concluded with consensus and launched to the units in question.
The UE rate was now reduced to a level of 0.17%. Experience from
this project, the procedure and the tools adopted would be good reference to other hospitals.
Abstract: Today automobile and aerospace industries realise Laser Beam Welding for a clean and non contact source of heating and fusion for joining of sheets. The welding performance is mainly based on by the laser welding parameters. Some concepts related to Artificial Neural Networks and how can be applied to model weld bead geometry and mechanical properties in terms of equipment parameters are reported in order to evaluate the accuracy and compare it with traditional modeling schemes. This review reveals the output features of Titanium and Aluminium weld bead geometry and mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and reduction of the area of the weld using Artificial Neural Network.
Abstract: Metal matrix composites (MMC) are generating
extensive interest in diverse fields like defense, aerospace, electronics
and automotive industries. In this present investigation, material
removal rate (MRR) modeling has been carried out using an
axisymmetric model of Al-SiC composite during electrical discharge
machining (EDM). A FEA model of single spark EDM was
developed to calculate the temperature distribution.Further, single
spark model was extended to simulate the second discharge. For
multi-discharge machining material removal was calculated by
calculating the number of pulses. Validation of model has been done
by comparing the experimental results obtained under the same
process parameters with the analytical results. A good agreement was
found between the experimental results and the theoretical value.
Abstract: This research focuses on the effect of weight
percentage variation and size variation of MgFeSi added,
gating system design and reaction chamber design on inmold
process. By using inmold process, well-known problem of
fading is avoided because the liquid iron reacts with
magnesium in the mold and not, as usual, in the ladle. During
the pouring operation, liquid metal passes through the
chamber containing the magnesium, where the reaction of the
metal with magnesium proceeds in the absence of atmospheric
oxygen [1].In this paper, the results of microstructural
characteristic of ductile iron on this parameters are mentioned.
The mechanisms of the inmold process are also described [2].
The data obtained from this research will assist in producing
the vehicle parts and other machinery parts for different
industrial zones and government industries and in transferring
the technology to all industrial zones in Myanmar. Therefore,
the inmold technology offers many advantages over traditional
treatment methods both from a technical and environmental,
as well as an economical point of view. The main objective of
this research is to produce ductile iron castings in all industrial
sectors in Myanmar more easily with lower costs. It will also
assist the sharing of knowledge and experience related to the
ductile iron production.
Abstract: Nowadays due to globalization of economy and
competition environment, innovation and technology plays key role
at creation of wealth and economic growth of countries. In fact
prompt growth of practical and technologic knowledge may results in
social benefits for countries when changes into effective innovation.
Considering the importance of innovation for the development of
countries, this study addresses the radical technological innovation
introduced by nanopapers at different stages of producing paper
including stock preparation, using authorized additives, fillers and
pigments, using retention, calender, stages of producing conductive
paper, porous nanopaper and Layer by layer self-assembly. Research
results show that in coming years the jungle related products will lose
considerable portion of their market share, unless embracing radical
innovation. Although incremental innovations can make this industry
still competitive in mid-term, but to have economic growth and
competitive advantage in long term, radical innovations are
necessary. Radical innovations can lead to new products and
materials which their applications in packaging industry can produce
value added. However application of nanotechnology in this industry
can be costly, it can be done in cooperation with other industries to
make the maximum use of nanotechnology possible. Therefore this
technology can be used in all the production process resulting in the
mass production of simple and flexible papers with low cost and
special properties such as facility at shape, form, easy transportation,
light weight, recovery and recycle marketing abilities, and sealing.
Improving the resistance of the packaging materials without reducing
the performance of packaging materials enhances the quality and the
value added of packaging. Improving the cellulose at nano scale can
have considerable electron optical and magnetic effects leading to
improvement in packaging and value added. Comparing to the
specifications of thermoplastic products and ordinary papers,
nanopapers show much better performance in terms of effective
mechanical indexes such as the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength,
and strain-stress. In densities lower than 640 kgm -3, due to the
network structure of nanofibers and the balanced and randomized
distribution of NFC in flat space, these specifications will even
improve more. For nanopapers, strains are 1,4Gpa, 84Mpa and 17%,
13,3 Gpa, 214Mpa and 10% respectively. In layer by layer self
assembly method (LbL) the tensile strength of nanopaper with Tio3
particles and Sio2 and halloysite clay nanotube are 30,4 ±7.6Nm/g
and 13,6 ±0.8Nm/g and 14±0.3,3Nm/g respectively that fall within
acceptable range of similar samples with virgin fiber. The usage of
improved brightness and porosity index in nanopapers can create
more competitive advantages at packaging industry.
Abstract: For professions of high risk industries, simulation training has always been thought in terms of high degree of fidelity regarding the real operational situation. Due to the recent progress, this way of training is changing, modifying the human-computer and software interactions: the interactions between trainees during simulation training session tend to become virtual, transforming the social-based embodiness (the way subjects integrate social skills for interpersonal relationship with co-workers). On the basis of the analysis of eight different profession trainings, a categorization of interactions has help to produce an analytical tool, the social interactions table. This tool may be very valuable to point out the changes of social interactions when the training sessions are skipping from a high fidelity simulator to a virtual simulator. In this case, it helps the designers of professional training to analyze and to assess the consequences of the potential lack the social-based embodiness.
Abstract: The induction hardening machines are utilized in
the industries which modify machine parts and tools needed to
achieve high ware resistance. This paper describes the model of
induction heating process design of inverter circuit and the results
of induction surface hardening of heating coil. In the design of
heating coil, the shape and the turn numbers of the coil are very
important design factors because they decide the overall operating
performance of induction heater including resonant frequency, Q
factor, efficiency and power factor. The performance will be tested
by experiments in some cases high frequency induction hardening
machine.
Abstract: Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) processes is an
important joining process widely used in metal fabrication
industries. This paper addresses modeling and optimization of this
technique using a set of experimental data and regression analysis.
The set of experimental data has been used to assess the influence
of GMAW process parameters in weld bead geometry. The
process variables considered here include voltage (V); wire feed
rate (F); torch Angle (A); welding speed (S) and nozzle-to-plate
distance (D). The process output characteristics include weld bead
height, width and penetration. The Taguchi method and regression
modeling are used in order to establish the relationships between
input and output parameters. The adequacy of the model is
evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. In the
next stage, the proposed model is embedded into a Simulated
Annealing (SA) algorithm to optimize the GMAW process
parameters. The objective is to determine a suitable set of process
parameters that can produce desired bead geometry, considering
the ranges of the process parameters. Computational results prove
the effectiveness of the proposed model and optimization
procedure.
Abstract: Study of fire and explosion is very important mainly
in oil and gas industries due to several accidents which have been
reported in the past and present. In this work, we have investigated
the flammability of bio oil vapour mixtures. This mixture may
contribute to fire during the storage and transportation process. Bio
oil sample derived from Palm Kernell shell was analysed using Gas
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to examine the
composition of the sample. Mole fractions of 12 selected
components in the liquid phase were obtained from the GC-FID data
and used to calculate mole fractions of components in the gas phase
via modified Raoult-s law. Lower Flammability Limits (LFLs) and
Upper Flammability Limits (UFLs) for individual components were
obtained from published literature. However, stoichiometric
concentration method was used to calculate the flammability limits
of some components which their flammability limit values are not
available in the literature. The LFL and UFL values for the mixture
were calculated using the Le Chatelier equation. The LFLmix and
UFLmix values were used to construct a flammability diagram and
subsequently used to determine the flammability of the mixture. The
findings of this study can be used to propose suitable inherently
safer method to prevent the flammable mixture from occurring and
to minimizing the loss of properties, business, and life due to fire
accidents in bio oil productions.
Abstract: The pulp and paper mill effluent is one of the high
polluting effluent amongst the effluents obtained from polluting
industries. All the available methods for treatment of pulp and paper
mill effluent have certain drawbacks. The coagulation is one of the
cheapest process for treatment of various organic effluents. Thus, the
removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour of paper mill
effluent is studied using coagulation process. The batch coagulation
process was performed using various coagulants like: aluminium
chloride, poly aluminium chloride and copper sulphate. The initial
pH of the effluent (Coagulation pH) has tremendous effect on COD
and colour removal. Poly aluminium chloride (PAC) as coagulant
reduced COD to 84 % and 92 % of colour was removed at an
optimum pH 5 and coagulant dose of 8 ml l-1. With aluminium
chloride at an optimum pH = 4 and coagulant dose of 5 g l-1, 74 %
COD and 86 % colour removal were observed. The results using
copper sulphate as coagulant (a less commercial coagulant) were
encouraging. At an optimum pH 6 and mass loading of 5 g l-1, 76 %
COD reduction and 78 % colour reduction were obtained. It was also
observed that after addition of coagulant, the pH of the effluent
decreases. The decrease in pH was highest for AlCl3, which was
followed by PAC and CuSO4. Significant amount of COD reductions
was obtained by coagulation process. Since the coagulation process
is the first stage for treatment of effluent and some of the coagulant
cations usually remain in the treated effluents. Thus, cation like
copper may be one of the good catalyst for second stage of treatment
process like wet oxidation. The copper has been found to be good
oxidation catalyst then iron and aluminum.
Abstract: Gas flaring is one of the most GHG emitting sources in the oil and gas industries. It is also a major way for wasting such an energy that could be better utilized and even generates revenue. Minimize flaring is an effective approach for reducing GHG emissions and also conserving energy in flaring systems. Integrating waste and flared gases into the fuel gas networks (FGN) of refineries is an efficient tool. A fuel gas network collects fuel gases from various source streams and mixes them in an optimal manner, and supplies them to different fuel sinks such as furnaces, boilers, turbines, etc. In this article we use fuel gas network model proposed by Hasan et al. as a base model and modify some of its features and add constraints on emission pollution by gas flaring to reduce GHG emissions as possible. Results for a refinery case study showed that integration of flare gas stream with waste and natural gas streams to construct an optimal FGN can significantly reduce total annualized cost and flaring emissions.
Abstract: We present a prototype interactive (hyper) map of strategic, tactical, and logistic options for Supply Chain Management. The map comprises an anthology of options, broadly classified within the strategic spectrum of efficiency versus responsiveness, and according to logistic and cross-functional drivers. They are exemplified by cases in diverse industries. We seek to get all these information and ideas organized to help supply chain managers identify effective choices for specific business environments. The key and innovative linkage we introduce is the configuration of competitive forces. Instead of going through seemingly endless and isolated cases and wondering how one can borrow from them, we aim to provide a guide by force comparisons. The premise is that best practices in a different industry facing similar forces may be a most productive resource in supply chain design and planning. A prototype template is demonstrated.
Abstract: This paper presents an analytical framework for an
effective online personal knowledge management (PKM) of
knowledge workers. The development of this framework is prompted
by our qualitative research on the PKM processes and cognitive
enablers of knowledge workers in eight organisations selected from
three main industries in Malaysia. This multiple-case research
identifies the relationships between the effectiveness of four online
PKM processes: get/retrieve, understand/analyse, share, and connect.
It also establishes the importance of cognitive enablers that mediate
this relationship, namely, method, identify, decide and drive.
Qualitative analysis is presented as the findings, supported by the
preceded quantitative analysis on an exploratory questionnaire
survey.
Abstract: The globalization of the Indian economy has thrown a great challenge to the Indian industries in respect of productivity, quality, cost, delivery etc. Achieving success• the global market has required fundamental shift in the way business is conducted and has dramatically affected virtually every aspect of process industry. The internal manufacturing process and supporting infrastructure should be such that it can compete successfully in global markets with better flexibility and delivery. The paper deals with a case study of a reputed process industry, some changes in the process has been suggested, which leads to reduction in labor cost and production cost.
Abstract: Least Development Countries (LDC) like
Bangladesh, whose 25% revenue earning is achieved from Textile
export, requires producing less defective textile for minimizing
production cost and time. Inspection processes done on these
industries are mostly manual and time consuming. To reduce error
on identifying fabric defects requires more automotive and
accurate inspection process. Considering this lacking, this research
implements a Textile Defect Recognizer which uses computer
vision methodology with the combination of multi-layer neural
networks to identify four classifications of textile defects. The
recognizer, suitable for LDC countries, identifies the fabric defects
within economical cost and produces less error prone inspection
system in real time. In order to generate input set for the neural
network, primarily the recognizer captures digital fabric images by
image acquisition device and converts the RGB images into binary
images by restoration process and local threshold techniques.
Later, the output of the processed image, the area of the faulty
portion, the number of objects of the image and the sharp factor of
the image, are feed backed as an input layer to the neural network
which uses back propagation algorithm to compute the weighted
factors and generates the desired classifications of defects as an
output.