Abstract: In this paper the performance of unified power flow
controller is investigated in controlling the flow of po wer over the
transmission line. Voltage sources model is utilized to study the
behaviour of the UPFC in regulating the active, reactive power and
voltage profile. This model is incorporated in Newton Raphson
algorithm for load flow studies. Simultaneous method is employed
in which equations of UPFC and the power balance equations of
network are combined in to one set of non-linear algebraic equations.
It is solved according to the Newton raphson algorithm. Case studies
are carried on standard 5 bus network. Simulation is done in Matlab.
The result of network with and without using UPFC are compared in
terms of active and reactive power flows in the line and active and
reactive power flows at the bus to analyze the performance of UPFC.
Abstract: This paper gives an overview of how an OWL
ontology has been created to represent template knowledge models
defined in CML that are provided by CommonKADS.
CommonKADS is a mature knowledge engineering methodology
which proposes the use of template knowledge model for knowledge
modelling. The aim of developing this ontology is to present the
template knowledge model in a knowledge representation language
that can be easily understood and shared in the knowledge
engineering community. Hence OWL is used as it has become a
standard for ontology and also it already has user friendly tools for
viewing and editing.
Abstract: In this paper, we present the design and experimental
evaluation of complementary energy path adiabatic logic (CEPAL)
based 1 bit full adder circuit. A simulative investigation on the
proposed full adder has been done using VIRTUOSO SPECTRE
simulator of cadence in 0.18μm UMC technology and its
performance has been compared with the conventional CMOS full
adder circuit. The CEPAL based full adder circuit exhibits the energy
saving of 70% to the conventional CMOS full adder circuit, at 100
MHz frequency and 1.8V operating voltage.
Abstract: The analytical prediction of the decay heat results
from the fast neutron fission of actinides was initiated under a project, 10-MAT1134-3, funded by king Abdulaziz City of Science
and Technology (KASCT), Long-Term Comprehensive National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovations, managed by a team
from King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Saudi Arabia, and
supervised by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has collaborated
with KAU's team to assist in the computational analysis. In this paper, the numerical solution of coupled linear differential equations
that describe the decays and buildups of minor fission product MFA, has been used to predict the total decay heat and its components from the fast neutron fission of 235U and 239Pu. The reliability of the present approach is illustrated via systematic
comparisons with the measurements reported by the University of
Tokyo, in YAYOI reactor.
Abstract: Character segmentation is an important preprocessing
step for text recognition. In degraded documents, existence of
touching characters decreases recognition rate drastically, for any
optical character recognition (OCR) system. In this paper we have
proposed a complete solution for segmenting touching characters in
all the three zones of printed Gurmukhi script. A study of touching
Gurmukhi characters is carried out and these characters have been
divided into various categories after a careful analysis. Structural
properties of the Gurmukhi characters are used for defining the
categories. New algorithms have been proposed to segment the
touching characters in middle zone, upper zone and lower zone.
These algorithms have shown a reasonable improvement in
segmenting the touching characters in degraded printed Gurmukhi
script. The algorithms proposed in this paper are applicable only to
machine printed text. We have also discussed a new and useful
technique to segment the horizontally overlapping lines.
Abstract: In the present paper, disc loaded interaction structure
for potential application in wideband Gyro-TWT amplifier has been
analyzed, taking all the space and modal harmonics into
consideration, for the eigenwave solutions. The analysis has been
restricted to azimuthally symmetric TE0,n mode. Dispersion
characteristics have been plotted by varying the structure parameters
and have been validated against HFSS simulation results. The
variation of eigenvalue with respect to different structure parameters
has also been presented. It has been observed that disc periodicity
plays very important role for wideband operation of disc-loaded
Gyro-TWT.
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are currently
receiving significant attention due to their unlimited potential. These
networks are used for various applications, such as habitat
monitoring, automation, agriculture, and security. The efficient nodeenergy
utilization is one of important performance factors in wireless
sensor networks because sensor nodes operate with limited battery
power. In this paper, we proposed the MiSense hierarchical cluster
based routing algorithm (MiCRA) to extend the lifetime of sensor
networks and to maintain a balanced energy consumption of nodes.
MiCRA is an extension of the HEED algorithm with two levels of
cluster heads. The performance of the proposed protocol has been
examined and evaluated through a simulation study. The simulation
results clearly show that MiCRA has a better performance in terms of
lifetime than HEED. Indeed, MiCRA our proposed protocol can
effectively extend the network lifetime without other critical
overheads and performance degradation. It has been noted that there
is about 35% of energy saving for MiCRA during the clustering
process and 65% energy savings during the routing process compared
to the HEED algorithm.
Abstract: Iron ore and coal are the two major important raw
materials being used in Iron making industries. Usually ore fines
containing around 5% Alumina are rejected due to higher proportion
of alumina. Therefore, a technology or process which may reduce
the alumina content by 2% by beneficiation process will be highly
attractive . In addition fine coals with ash content is used nearly 12%
is directly injected in blast furnace. Fast fluidization is a technology
by using dry beneficiation of coal and iron ore can be done. During
the fluidization process the iron ore band coal is fluidized at high
velocity in the riser of a fast fluidized bed, the heavier and coarse
particles is generally settled at the bottom in a dense zone of the riser
while the finer and lighter particle are entrained to the top dilute zone
and then via a cyclone is fed back to the bottom of the riser column.
Most of the alumina and low ash fine size coals being lighter are
expected to move up to the riser and by a natural beneficiation of
ores is expected to take place in the riser. Therefore in this study an
attempt has been made for dry beneficiation of iron ore and coal in a
fluidized bed and its hydrodynamic characterization.
Abstract: Context awareness is a capability whereby mobile
computing devices can sense their physical environment and adapt
their behavior accordingly. The term context-awareness, in
ubiquitous computing, was introduced by Schilit in 1994 and has
become one of the most exciting concepts in early 21st-century
computing, fueled by recent developments in pervasive computing
(i.e. mobile and ubiquitous computing). These include computing
devices worn by users, embedded devices, smart appliances, sensors
surrounding users and a variety of wireless networking technologies.
Context-aware applications use context information to adapt
interfaces, tailor the set of application-relevant data, increase the
precision of information retrieval, discover services, make the user
interaction implicit, or build smart environments. For example: A
context aware mobile phone will know that the user is currently in a
meeting room, and reject any unimportant calls. One of the major
challenges in providing users with context-aware services lies in
continuously monitoring their contexts based on numerous sensors
connected to the context aware system through wireless
communication. A number of context aware frameworks based on
sensors have been proposed, but many of them have neglected the
fact that monitoring with sensors imposes heavy workloads on
ubiquitous devices with limited computing power and battery. In this
paper, we present CALEEF, a lightweight and energy efficient
context aware framework for resource limited ubiquitous devices.
Abstract: The most reliable and accurate description of the actual behavior of a software system is its source code. However, not all questions about the system can be answered directly by resorting to this repository of information. What the reverse engineering methodology aims at is the extraction of abstract, goal-oriented “views" of the system, able to summarize relevant properties of the computation performed by the program. While concentrating on reverse engineering we had modeled the C++ files by designing the translator.
Abstract: This paper presents a computational methodology
based on matrix operations for a computer based solution to the
problem of performance analysis of software reliability models
(SRMs). A set of seven comparison criteria have been formulated to
rank various non-homogenous Poisson process software reliability
models proposed during the past 30 years to estimate software
reliability measures such as the number of remaining faults, software
failure rate, and software reliability. Selection of optimal SRM for
use in a particular case has been an area of interest for researchers in
the field of software reliability. Tools and techniques for software
reliability model selection found in the literature cannot be used with
high level of confidence as they use a limited number of model
selection criteria. A real data set of middle size software project from
published papers has been used for demonstration of matrix method.
The result of this study will be a ranking of SRMs based on the
Permanent value of the criteria matrix formed for each model based
on the comparison criteria. The software reliability model with
highest value of the Permanent is ranked at number – 1 and so on.
Abstract: A subcarrier - spectral amplitude coding optical code
division multiple access system using the Khazani-Syed code with
Complementary subtraction detection technique is proposed. The
proposed system has been analyzed by taking into account the effects
of phase-induced intensity noise, shot noise, thermal noise and intermodulation
distortion noise. The performance of the system has been
compared with the spectral amplitude coding optical code division
multiple access system using the Hadamard code and the Modified
Quadratic Congruence code. The analysis shows that the proposed
system can eliminate the multiple access interference using the
Complementary subtraction detection technique, and hence improve
the overall system performance.
Abstract: Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) builds up voltage while it enters in its magnetic saturation region. Due to non-linear magnetic characteristics, the performance analysis of SEIG involves cumbersome mathematical computations. The dependence of air-gap voltage on saturated magnetizing reactance can only be established at rated frequency by conducting a laboratory test commonly known as synchronous run test. But, there is no laboratory method to determine saturated magnetizing reactance and air-gap voltage of SEIG at varying speed, terminal capacitance and other loading conditions. For overall analysis of SEIG, prior information of magnetizing reactance, generated frequency and air-gap voltage is essentially required. Thus, analytical methods are the only alternative to determine these variables. Non-existence of direct mathematical relationship of these variables for different terminal conditions has forced the researchers to evolve new computational techniques. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are very useful for solution of such complex problems, as they do not require any a priori information about the system. In this paper, an attempt is made to use cascaded neural networks to first determine the generated frequency and magnetizing reactance with varying terminal conditions and then air-gap voltage of SEIG. The results obtained from the ANN model are used to evaluate the overall performance of SEIG and are found to be in good agreement with experimental results. Hence, it is concluded that analysis of SEIG can be carried out effectively using ANNs.
Abstract: In present communication, we have developed the
suitable constraints for the given the mean codeword length and the
measures of entropy. This development has proved that Renyi-s
entropy gives the minimum value of the log of the harmonic mean
and the log of power mean. We have also developed an important
relation between best 1:1 code and the uniquely decipherable code by
using different measures of entropy.
Abstract: In view of their importance and usefulness in reliability theory and probability distributions, several generalizations of the inverse Gaussian distribution and the Krtzel function are investigated in recent years. This has motivated the authors to introduce and study a new generalization of the inverse Gaussian distribution and the Krtzel function associated with a product of a Bessel function of the third kind )(zKQ and a Z - Fox-Wright generalized hyper geometric function introduced in this paper. The introduced function turns out to be a unified gamma-type function. Its incomplete forms are also discussed. Several properties of this gamma-type function are obtained. By means of this generalized function, we introduce a generalization of inverse Gaussian distribution, which is useful in reliability analysis, diffusion processes, and radio techniques etc. The inverse Gaussian distribution thus introduced also provides a generalization of the Krtzel function. Some basic statistical functions associated with this probability density function, such as moments, the Mellin transform, the moment generating function, the hazard rate function, and the mean residue life function are also obtained.KeywordsFox-Wright function, Inverse Gaussian distribution, Krtzel function & Bessel function of the third kind.
Abstract: Chemically defined Schlegel-s medium was modified
to improve production of cell growth and other metabolites that are
produced by fluorescent pseudomonad R62 strain. The modified
medium does not require pH control as pH changes are kept within ±
0.2 units of the initial pH 7.1 during fermentation. The siderophore
production was optimized for the fluorescent pseudomonad strain in
the modified medium containing 1% glycerol as a major carbon
source supplemented with 0.05% succinic acid and 0.5% Ltryptophan.
Indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) production was higher when
L-tryptophan was used at 0.5%. The 2,4- diacetylphloroglucinol
(DAPG) was higher with amended three trace elements in medium.
The optimized medium produced 2.28 g/l of dry cell mass and 900
mg/l of siderophore at the end of 36 h cultivation, while the
production levels of IAA and DAPG were 65 mg/l and 81 mg/l
respectively at the end of 48 h cultivation.