MiSense Hierarchical Cluster-Based Routing Algorithm (MiCRA) for Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are currently
receiving significant attention due to their unlimited potential. These
networks are used for various applications, such as habitat
monitoring, automation, agriculture, and security. The efficient nodeenergy
utilization is one of important performance factors in wireless
sensor networks because sensor nodes operate with limited battery
power. In this paper, we proposed the MiSense hierarchical cluster
based routing algorithm (MiCRA) to extend the lifetime of sensor
networks and to maintain a balanced energy consumption of nodes.
MiCRA is an extension of the HEED algorithm with two levels of
cluster heads. The performance of the proposed protocol has been
examined and evaluated through a simulation study. The simulation
results clearly show that MiCRA has a better performance in terms of
lifetime than HEED. Indeed, MiCRA our proposed protocol can
effectively extend the network lifetime without other critical
overheads and performance degradation. It has been noted that there
is about 35% of energy saving for MiCRA during the clustering
process and 65% energy savings during the routing process compared
to the HEED algorithm.
[1] I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci, "Wireless
sensor networks: a survey," Computer Networks, vol. 38, no. 4, 393-
422, 2002.
[2] H. Karl, A. Willig, et al. "Protocols and Architectures for Wireless
Sensor Networks," John Wiley and Sons, 2005.
[3] D. Estrin, D. Culler, K. Pister, and G. Sukhatme, "Connecting the
physical world with pervasive networks," IEEE Pervasive Computing,
59-69, January-March 2002.
[4] J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, A. Woo, S. Hollar, D. Culler, and K. Pister,
"System architecture directions for networked sensors," In Proceedings
of the 9th International Conference on Architectural Support for
Programming Languages and Operating Systems, November 2000.
[5] J. Ibriq and I. mahgoub, "Cluster-Based Routing in Wireless Sensor
Networks: Issues and Challenges," Proceedings of the 2004 Symposium
on Performance Evaluation of Computer Telecommunication Systems,
759-766, July 2004.
[6] W.B Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan, "Energy-
Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks,"
In the Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on
System Sciences (HICSS '00), January 2000.
[7] S. Lindsey and C. Raghavendra, "PEGASIS: Power-Efficient Gathering
in Sensor Information Systems," IEEE Aerospace Conference
Proceedings, 2002, vol. 3, no. 9-16, 1125-1130.
[8] A.Manjeshwar and D.P. Agarwal, "TEEN: a routing protocol for
enhanced efficiency in wireless sensor networks," In the 1st
International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in
Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, April 2001.
[9] A.Manjeshwar and D.P. Agarwal, "APTEEN: A hybrid protocol for
efficient routing and comprehensive information retrieval in wireless
sensor networks," In the Parallel and Distributed Processing
Symposium., Proceedings International, IPDPS 2002, 195-202.
[10] O. Younis and S. Fahmy, "Distributed Clustering in Ad-hoc Sensor
Networks: A Hybrid, Energy-Efficient Approach," In Proceedings of
IEEE INFOCOM, vol. 1, 629-640, March 2004.
[1] I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci, "Wireless
sensor networks: a survey," Computer Networks, vol. 38, no. 4, 393-
422, 2002.
[2] H. Karl, A. Willig, et al. "Protocols and Architectures for Wireless
Sensor Networks," John Wiley and Sons, 2005.
[3] D. Estrin, D. Culler, K. Pister, and G. Sukhatme, "Connecting the
physical world with pervasive networks," IEEE Pervasive Computing,
59-69, January-March 2002.
[4] J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, A. Woo, S. Hollar, D. Culler, and K. Pister,
"System architecture directions for networked sensors," In Proceedings
of the 9th International Conference on Architectural Support for
Programming Languages and Operating Systems, November 2000.
[5] J. Ibriq and I. mahgoub, "Cluster-Based Routing in Wireless Sensor
Networks: Issues and Challenges," Proceedings of the 2004 Symposium
on Performance Evaluation of Computer Telecommunication Systems,
759-766, July 2004.
[6] W.B Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan, "Energy-
Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks,"
In the Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on
System Sciences (HICSS '00), January 2000.
[7] S. Lindsey and C. Raghavendra, "PEGASIS: Power-Efficient Gathering
in Sensor Information Systems," IEEE Aerospace Conference
Proceedings, 2002, vol. 3, no. 9-16, 1125-1130.
[8] A.Manjeshwar and D.P. Agarwal, "TEEN: a routing protocol for
enhanced efficiency in wireless sensor networks," In the 1st
International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in
Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, April 2001.
[9] A.Manjeshwar and D.P. Agarwal, "APTEEN: A hybrid protocol for
efficient routing and comprehensive information retrieval in wireless
sensor networks," In the Parallel and Distributed Processing
Symposium., Proceedings International, IPDPS 2002, 195-202.
[10] O. Younis and S. Fahmy, "Distributed Clustering in Ad-hoc Sensor
Networks: A Hybrid, Energy-Efficient Approach," In Proceedings of
IEEE INFOCOM, vol. 1, 629-640, March 2004.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:54027", author = "Kavi K. Khedo and R. K. Subramanian", title = "MiSense Hierarchical Cluster-Based Routing Algorithm (MiCRA) for Wireless Sensor Networks", abstract = "Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are currently
receiving significant attention due to their unlimited potential. These
networks are used for various applications, such as habitat
monitoring, automation, agriculture, and security. The efficient nodeenergy
utilization is one of important performance factors in wireless
sensor networks because sensor nodes operate with limited battery
power. In this paper, we proposed the MiSense hierarchical cluster
based routing algorithm (MiCRA) to extend the lifetime of sensor
networks and to maintain a balanced energy consumption of nodes.
MiCRA is an extension of the HEED algorithm with two levels of
cluster heads. The performance of the proposed protocol has been
examined and evaluated through a simulation study. The simulation
results clearly show that MiCRA has a better performance in terms of
lifetime than HEED. Indeed, MiCRA our proposed protocol can
effectively extend the network lifetime without other critical
overheads and performance degradation. It has been noted that there
is about 35% of energy saving for MiCRA during the clustering
process and 65% energy savings during the routing process compared
to the HEED algorithm.", keywords = "Clustering algorithm, energy consumption,hierarchical model, sensor networks.", volume = "3", number = "4", pages = "671-6", }