Abstract: This study considers priorities of primary goals to increase policy efficiency of Green ICT. Recently several studies have been published that address how IT is linked to climate change. However, most of the previous studies are limited to Green ICT industrial statute and policy directions. This paper present Green ICT
policy making processes systematically. As a result of the analysis of
Korean Green ICT policy, the following emerged as important to accomplish for Green ICT policy: eco-friendliness, technology evolution, economic efficiency, energy efficiency, and stable supply
of energy. This is an initial study analyzing Green ICT policy, which provides an academic framework that can be used a guideline to
establish Green ICT policy.
Abstract: The research objective aims to search information about storytelling and fable associated with fireflies in Amphawa community, in order to design and create a story book which is appropriate for the interests of children in early childhood. This book should help building the development of learning about the natural environment, imagination, and creativity among children, which then, brings about the promotion of the development, conservation and dissemination of cultural values and uniqueness of the Amphawa community. The population used in this study were 30 students in early childhood aged between 6-8 years-old, grade 1-3 from the Demonstration School of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. The method used for this study was purposive sampling and the research conducted by the query and analysis of data from both the document and the narrative field tales and fable associated with the fireflies of Amphawa community. Then, using the results to synthesize and create a conceptual design in a form of 8 visual images which were later applied to 1 illustrated children’s book and presented to the experts to evaluate and test this media.
Abstract: Timing driven physical design, synthesis, and
optimization tools need efficient closed-form delay models for
estimating the delay associated with each net in an integrated circuit
(IC) design. The total number of nets in a modern IC design has
increased dramatically and exceeded millions. Therefore efficient
modeling of interconnection is needed for high speed IC-s. This
paper presents closed–form expressions for RC and RLC
interconnection trees in current mode signaling, which can be
implemented in VLSI design tool. These analytical model
expressions can be used for accurate calculation of delay after the
design clock tree has been laid out and the design is fully routed.
Evaluation of these analytical models is several orders of magnitude
faster than simulation using SPICE.
Abstract: In this paper, the local grid refinement is focused by
using a nested grid technique. The Cartesian grid numerical method is
developed for simulating unsteady, viscous, incompressible flows
with complex immersed boundaries. A finite volume method is used in
conjunction with a two-step fractional-step procedure. The key aspects
that need to be considered in developing such a nested grid solver are
imposition of interface conditions on the inter-block and accurate
discretization of the governing equation in cells that are with the
inter-block as a control surface. A new interpolation procedure is
presented which allows systematic development of a spatial
discretization scheme that preserves the spatial accuracy of the
underlying solver. The present nested grid method has been tested by
two numerical examples to examine its performance in the two
dimensional problems. The numerical examples include flow past a
circular cylinder symmetrically installed in a Channel and flow past
two circular cylinders with different diameters. From the numerical
experiments, the ability of the solver to simulate flows with
complicated immersed boundaries is demonstrated and the nested grid
approach can efficiently speed up the numerical solutions.
Abstract: In high powered dense wavelength division
multiplexed (WDM) systems with low chromatic dispersion,
four-wave mixing (FWM) can prove to be a major source of noise.
The MultiCanonical Monte Carlo Method (MCMC) and the Split
Step Fourier Method (SSFM) are combined to accurately evaluate the
probability density function of the decision variable of a receiver,
limited by FWM. The combination of the two methods leads to more
accurate results, and offers the possibility of adding other optical
noises such as the Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) noise.
Abstract: We demonstrate a 40Gbps downstream PON
transmission based on PM-QPSK modulation using commercial DFB
lasers without optical amplifier in the ODN, obtaining 40dB power
budget. We discuss this solution within NG-PON2 architectures.
Abstract: The mechanism of abiotic stress tolerance is crucial
for plants to survive in harsh condition and the knowledge of this
mechanism can be use to solve the problem of declining productivity
of plants or crops around the world. However in-depth description is
still unclear and it is argued, in particular that there is a relationship
between high salinity tolerance and the ability to tolerate high light
condition. In this study, Dunaliella salina, which can withstand high
salt was used as a model. Chlorophyll fluorometer for nonphotochemical
quenching (NPQ) measurement and high-performance
liquid chromatography for pigment determination was used. The
results show that NPQ value and the amount of pigment were
increased along with the levels of salinity. However, it establish a
clear relationship between high salt and high light but the further
study to optimized the solutions mentioned above is still required.
Abstract: Plasma Wind Tunnels (PWT) are extensively used for screening and qualification of re-entry Thermel Protection System (TPS) materials. Proper design of a supersonic diffuser for plasma wind tunnel is of importance for achieving good pressurerecovery (thereby reducing vacuum pumping requirement & run time costs) and isolating downstream stream fluctuations from propagating costs) and isolating downstream stream fluctuationnts the details of a rapid design methodology successfully employed for designing supersonic diffuser for high power (several megawatts)plasma wind tunnels and numerical performance analysis of a diffuser configuration designed for one megawatt power rated plasma wind tunnel(enthalpy ~ 30 MJ/kg) using FLUENT 6.3® solver for different diffuser operating sub-atmospheric back-pressures.
Abstract: The paper presents an investigation into the role of virtual reality and web technologies in the field of distance education. Within this frame, special emphasis is given on the building of web-based virtual learning environments so as to successfully fulfill their educational objectives. In particular, basic pedagogical methods are studied, focusing mainly on the efficient preparation, approach and presentation of learning content, and specific designing rules are presented considering the hypermedia, virtual and educational nature of this kind of applications. The paper also aims to highlight the educational benefits arising from the use of virtual reality technology in medicine and study the emerging area of web-based medical simulations. Finally, an innovative virtual reality environment for distance education in medicine is demonstrated. The proposed environment reproduces conditions of the real learning process and enhances learning through a real-time interactive simulator.
Abstract: The crystallization kinetics and phase transformation
of SiO2.Al2O3.0,56P2O5.1,8CaO.0,56CaF2 glass have been
investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA), x-ray
diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Glass
samples were obtained by melting the glass mixture at 14500С/120
min. in platinum crucibles. The mixture were prepared from
chemically pure reagents: SiO2, Al(OH)3, H3PO4, CaCO3 and CaF2.
The non-isothermal kinetics of crystallization was studied by
applying the DTA measurements carried out at various heating rates.
The activation energies of crystallization and viscous flow were
measured as 348,4 kJ.mol–1 and 479,7 kJ.mol–1 respectively. Value of
Avrami parameter n ≈ 3 correspond to a three dimensional of crystal
growth mechanism. The major crystalline phase determined by XRD
analysis was fluorapatite (Ca(PO4)3F) and as the minor phases –
fluormargarite (CaAl2(Al2SiO2)10F2) and vitlokite (Ca9P6O24). The
resulting glass-ceramic has a homogeneous microstructure, composed
of prismatic crystals, evenly distributed in glass phase.
Abstract: We report a lithography-free approach to fabricate the
biomimetics, quasi-beehive Si nanostructures (QBSNs), on
Si-substrates. The self-assembled SiGe nanoislands via the strain
induced surface roughening (Asaro-Tiller-Grinfeld instability) during
in-situ annealing play a key role as patterned sacrifice regions for
subsequent reactive ion etching (RIE) process performed for
fabricating quasi-beehive nanostructures on Si-substrates. As the
measurements of field emission, the bare QBSNs show poor field
emission performance, resulted from the existence of the native oxide
layer which forms an insurmountable barrier for electron emission. In
order to dramatically improve the field emission characteristics, the
platinum nanopillars (Pt-NPs) were deposited on QBSNs to form
Pt-NPs/QBSNs heterostructures. The turn-on field of Pt-NPs/QBSNs
is as low as 2.29 V/μm (corresponding current density of 1 μA/cm2),
and the field enhancement factor (β-value) is significantly increased to
6067. More importantly, the uniform and continuous electrons excite
light emission, due to the surrounding filed emitters from
Pt-NPs/QBSNs, can be easily obtained. This approach does not require
an expensive photolithographic process and possesses great potential
for applications.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to derive parameters
estimating for the Lyman–Kutcher–Burman (LKB) normal tissue
complication probability (NTCP) model using analysis of scintigraphy
assessments and quality of life (QoL) measurement questionnaires for
the parotid gland (xerostomia). In total, 31 patients with
head-and-neck (HN) cancer were enrolled. Salivary excretion factor
(SEF) and EORTC QLQ-H&N35 questionnaires datasets are used for
the NTCP modeling to describe the incidence of grade 4 xerostomia.
Assuming that n= 1, NTCP fitted parameters are given as TD50= 43.6
Gy, m= 0.18 in SEF analysis, and as TD50= 44.1 Gy, m= 0.11 in QoL
measurements, respectively. SEF and QoL datasets can validate the
Quantitative Analyses of Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic
(QUANTEC) guidelines well, resulting in NPV-s of 100% for the both
datasets and suggests that the QUANTEC 25/20Gy gland-spared
guidelines are suitable for clinical used for the HN cohort to
effectively avoid xerostomia.
Abstract: Following harvest, fresh produce needs to be cooled
immediately in a room where the air temperature and the relative air
humidity are controlled to maintain the produce quality. In this paper,
an experimental study for forced air cooling of fresh produce
(cauliflower) is performed using a pilot developed within our
laboratory. Furthermore, a numerical simulation of spherical
produces, taking into account the aerodynamic aspect and also the
heat transfer in the produce and in the air, was carried out using a
finite element method. At the end of this communication,
experimental results are presented and compared with the simulation.
Abstract: The uses of road map in daily activities are numerous
but it is a hassle to construct and update a road map whenever there
are changes. In Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, research on Automatic
Road Extraction (ARE) was explored to solve the difficulties in
updating road map. The research started with using Satellite Image
(SI), or in short, the ARE-SI project. A Hybrid Simple Colour Space
Segmentation & Edge Detection (Hybrid SCSS-EDGE) algorithm
was developed to extract roads automatically from satellite-taken
images. In order to extract the road network accurately, the satellite
image must be analyzed prior to the extraction process. The
characteristics of these elements are analyzed and consequently the
relationships among them are determined. In this study, the road
regions are extracted based on colour space elements and edge details
of roads. Besides, edge detection method is applied to further filter
out the non-road regions. The extracted road regions are validated by
using a segmentation method. These results are valuable for building
road map and detecting the changes of the existing road database.
The proposed Hybrid Simple Colour Space Segmentation and Edge
Detection (Hybrid SCSS-EDGE) algorithm can perform the tasks
fully automatic, where the user only needs to input a high-resolution
satellite image and wait for the result. Moreover, this system can
work on complex road network and generate the extraction result in
seconds.
Abstract: SQL injection on web applications is a very popular
kind of attack. There are mechanisms such as intrusion detection
systems in order to detect this attack. These strategies often rely on
techniques implemented at high layers of the application but do not
consider the low level of system calls. The problem of only
considering the high level perspective is that an attacker can
circumvent the detection tools using certain techniques such as URL
encoding. One technique currently used for detecting low-level
attacks on privileged processes is the tracing of system calls. System
calls act as a single gate to the Operating System (OS) kernel; they
allow catching the critical data at an appropriate level of detail. Our
basic assumption is that any type of application, be it a system
service, utility program or Web application, “speaks” the language of
system calls when having a conversation with the OS kernel. At this
level we can see the actual attack while it is happening. We conduct
an experiment in order to demonstrate the suitability of system call
analysis for detecting SQL injection. We are able to detect the attack.
Therefore we conclude that system calls are not only powerful in
detecting low-level attacks but that they also enable us to detect highlevel
attacks such as SQL injection.
Abstract: Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) features
are widely used as acoustic features for speech recognition as well
as speaker recognition. In MFCC feature representation, the Mel frequency
scale is used to get a high resolution in low frequency region,
and a low resolution in high frequency region. This kind of processing
is good for obtaining stable phonetic information, but not suitable
for speaker features that are located in high frequency regions. The
speaker individual information, which is non-uniformly distributed
in the high frequencies, is equally important for speaker recognition.
Based on this fact we proposed an admissible wavelet packet based
filter structure for speaker identification. Multiresolution capabilities
of wavelet packet transform are used to derive the new features.
The proposed scheme differs from previous wavelet based works,
mainly in designing the filter structure. Unlike others, the proposed
filter structure does not follow Mel scale. The closed-set speaker
identification experiments performed on the TIMIT database shows
improved identification performance compared to other commonly
used Mel scale based filter structures using wavelets.
Abstract: This paper examines the depiction of Muslim militants in Thai newspapers in 2004. Stuart Hall-s “representation" and “public idioms" are used as theoretical frameworks. Critical Discourse Analysis is employed as a methodology to examine 240 news articles from two leading Thai language newspapers. The results show that the militants are usually labeled as “southern bandits." This suggests that they are just a culprit of the violence in the deep south of Thailand. They are usually described as people who cause turbulence. Consequently, the military have to get rid of them. However, other aspects of the groups such as their political agenda or the failures of the Thai state in dealing with the Malay Muslims were not mention in the news stories. In the time of violence, the researcher argues that this kind of newspaper coverage may help perpetuate the discourse of Malay Muslim, instead of providing fuller picture of the ongoing conflicts.
Abstract: A method to determine experimentally the melting
rate, rm, and the heat transfer coefficients, αv (W/(m3K)), at
convective melting in a fixed bed of particles under adiabatic regime
is established in this paper. The method lies in the determining of the
melting rate by measuring the fixed bed height in time. Experimental
values of rm, α and α v were determined using cylindrical particles of
ice (d = 6.8 mm, h = 5.5 mm) and, as a melting agent, aqueous NaCl
solution with a temperature of 283 K at different values of the liquid
flow rate (11.63·10-6, 28.83·10-6, 38.83·10-6 m3/s).
Our experimental results were compared with those existing in
literature being noticed a good agreement for Re values higher than
50.
Abstract: Participation in global trade means that Chinas vegetables and fruits industry faces international food safety standards and increased scrutiny worldwide. The objectives of this paper were to investigate how existing food safety standards and regulations in the importing countries impact the export of vegetables and fruits from China. This paper discussed the current and historical situations of Chinas vegetables and fruits export from 1996 to 2010, analyzed the Maximum Residual Limit (MRL) standards of pesticides imposed by importing countries, quantitatively estimated the impacts of food safety standards on Chinas vegetables and fruits export based on a gravity model. The results showed that although transportation distance between trade partners and tariff rates on vegetables and fruits were still the importantly resistant factors for China export, vegetables and fruits export was sensitive to the number of regulated pesticides, the strictness, and the level of food safety standards imposed by importing countries, which showed a significant trade flow effect, stricter food safety standards, increased number of regulated pesticides significantly inhibit China export of vegetables and fruits. Moreover, Chinas food safety standards also showed a significantly effect on vegetables and fruits export, which inhibited export to some extent. KeywordsFood safety standards, MRL, Vegetables, Fruits, Export.
Abstract: Research into the problem of classification of sonar signals has been taken up as a challenging task for the neural networks. This paper investigates the design of an optimal classifier using a Multi layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP NN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM). Results obtained using sonar data sets suggest that SVM classifier perform well in comparison with well-known MLP NN classifier. An average classification accuracy of 91.974% is achieved with SVM classifier and 90.3609% with MLP NN classifier, on the test instances. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve for the proposed SVM classifier on test data set is found as 0.981183, which is very close to unity and this clearly confirms the excellent quality of the proposed classifier. The SVM classifier employed in this paper is implemented using kernel Adatron algorithm is seen to be robust and relatively insensitive to the parameter initialization in comparison to MLP NN.