Abstract: This article presents the simulation, parameterization and optimization of an electromagnet with the C–shaped configuration, intended for the study of magnetic properties of materials. The electromagnet studied consists of a C-shaped yoke, which provides self–shielding for minimizing losses of magnetic flux density, two poles of high magnetic permeability and power coils wound on the poles. The main physical variable studied was the static magnetic flux density in a column within the gap between the poles, with 4cm2 of square cross section and a length of 5cm, seeking a suitable set of parameters that allow us to achieve a uniform magnetic flux density of 1x104 Gaussor values above this in the column, when the system operates at room temperature and with a current consumption not exceeding 5A. By means of a magnetostatic analysis by the finite element method, the magnetic flux density and the distribution of the magnetic field lines were visualized and quantified. From the results obtained by simulating an initial configuration of electromagnet, a structural optimization of the geometry of the adjustable caps for the ends of the poles was performed. The magnetic permeability effect of the soft magnetic materials used in the poles system, such as low– carbon steel (0.08% C), Permalloy (45% Ni, 54.7% Fe) and Mumetal (21.2% Fe, 78.5% Ni), was also evaluated. The intensity and uniformity of the magnetic field in the gap showed a high dependence with the factors described above. The magnetic field achieved in the column was uniform and its magnitude ranged between 1.5x104 Gauss and 1.9x104 Gauss according to the material of the pole used, with the possibility of increasing the magnetic field by choosing a suitable geometry of the cap, introducing a cooling system for the coils and adjusting the spacing between the poles. This makes the device a versatile and scalable tool to generate the magnetic field necessary to perform magnetic characterization of materials by techniques such as vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), Hall-effect, Kerr-effect magnetometry, among others. Additionally, a CAD design of the modules of the electromagnet is presented in order to facilitate the construction and scaling of the physical device.
Abstract: The increasing importance of data stream arising in a
wide range of advanced applications has led to the extensive study of
mining frequent patterns. Mining data streams poses many new
challenges amongst which are the one-scan nature, the unbounded
memory requirement and the high arrival rate of data streams. In this
paper, we propose a new approach for mining itemsets on data
stream. Our approach SFIDS has been developed based on FIDS
algorithm. The main attempts were to keep some advantages of the
previous approach and resolve some of its drawbacks, and
consequently to improve run time and memory consumption. Our
approach has the following advantages: using a data structure similar
to lattice for keeping frequent itemsets, separating regions from each
other with deleting common nodes that results in a decrease in search
space, memory consumption and run time; and Finally, considering
CPU constraint, with increasing arrival rate of data that result in
overloading system, SFIDS automatically detect this situation and
discard some of unprocessing data. We guarantee that error of results
is bounded to user pre-specified threshold, based on a probability
technique. Final results show that SFIDS algorithm could attain
about 50% run time improvement than FIDS approach.
Abstract: With the advent of emerging personal computing paradigms such as ubiquitous and mobile computing, Web contents are becoming accessible from a wide range of mobile devices. Since these devices do not have the same rendering capabilities, Web contents need to be adapted for transparent access from a variety of client agents. Such content adaptation is exploited for either an individual element or a set of consecutive elements in a Web document and results in better rendering and faster delivery to the client device. Nevertheless, Web content adaptation sets new challenges for semantic markup. This paper presents an advanced components platform, called SMC, enabling the development of mobility applications and services according to a channel model based on the principles of Services Oriented Architecture (SOA). It then goes on to describe the potential for integration with the Semantic Web through a novel framework of external semantic annotation that prescribes a scheme for representing semantic markup files and a way of associating Web documents with these external annotations. The role of semantic annotation in this framework is to describe the contents of individual documents themselves, assuring the preservation of the semantics during the process of adapting content rendering. Semantic Web content adaptation is a way of adding value to Web contents and facilitates repurposing of Web contents (enhanced browsing, Web Services location and access, etc).
Abstract: This paper is motivated by the aspect of uncertainty in
financial decision making, and how artificial intelligence and soft
computing, with its uncertainty reducing aspects can be used for
algorithmic trading applications that trade in high frequency.
This paper presents an optimized high frequency trading system that
has been combined with various moving averages to produce a hybrid
system that outperforms trading systems that rely solely on moving
averages. The paper optimizes an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference
system that takes both the price and its moving average as input,
learns to predict price movements from training data consisting of
intraday data, dynamically switches between the best performing
moving averages, and performs decision making of when to buy or
sell a certain currency in high frequency.
Abstract: Interpretation of aerial images is an important task in
various applications. Image segmentation can be viewed as the essential
step for extracting information from aerial images. Among many
developed segmentation methods, the technique of clustering has been
extensively investigated and used. However, determining the number
of clusters in an image is inherently a difficult problem, especially
when a priori information on the aerial image is unavailable. This
study proposes a support vector machine approach for clustering
aerial images. Three cluster validity indices, distance-based index,
Davies-Bouldin index, and Xie-Beni index, are utilized as quantitative
measures of the quality of clustering results. Comparisons on the
effectiveness of these indices and various parameters settings on the
proposed methods are conducted. Experimental results are provided
to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Abstract: This paper demonstrates the bus location system for
the route bus through the experiment in the real environment. A
bus location system is a system that provides information such as
the bus delay and positions. This system uses actual services and
positions data of buses, and those information should match data
on the database. The system has two possible problems. One, the
system could cost high in preparing devices to get bus positions.
Two, it could be difficult to match services data of buses. To avoid
these problems, we have developed this system at low cost and short
time by using the smart phone with GPS and the bus route system.
This system realizes the path planning considering bus delay and
displaying position of buses on the map. The bus location system
was demonstrated on route buses with smart phones for two months.
Abstract: In this paper, an analytical modeling is presentated to
describe the channel noise in GME SGT/CGT MOSFET, based on
explicit functions of MOSFETs geometry and biasing conditions for
all channel length down to deep submicron and is verified with the
experimental data. Results shows the impact of various parameters
such as gate bias, drain bias, channel length ,device diameter and gate
material work function difference on drain current noise spectral
density of the device reflecting its applicability for circuit design
applications.
Abstract: The e-government emerging concept transforms the
way in which the citizens are dealing with their governments. Thus,
the citizens can execute the intended services online anytime and
anywhere. This results in great benefits for both the governments
(reduces the number of officers) and the citizens (more flexibility and
time saving). Therefore, building a maturity model to assess the egovernment
portals becomes desired to help in the improvement
process of such portals. This paper aims at proposing an egovernment
maturity model based on the measurement of the best
practices’ presence. The main benefit of such maturity model is to
provide a way to rank an e-government portal based on the used best
practices, and also giving a set of recommendations to go to the
higher stage in the maturity model.
Abstract: Novel acrylated epoxidized hemp oil (AEHO) based
bioresins were successfully synthesised, characterized and applied to
biocomposites reinforced with woven jute fibre. Characterisation of
the synthesised AEHO consisted of acid number titrations and FTIR
spectroscopy to assess the success of the acrylation reaction. Three
different matrices were produced (vinylester (VE), 50/50 blend of
AEHO/VE and 100% AEHO) and reinforced with jute fibre to form
three different types of biocomposite samples. Mechanical properties
in the form of flexural and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) were
investigated and compared for the different samples. Results from the
mechanical tests showed that AEHO and 50/50 based neat bioresins
displayed lower flexural properties compared with the VE samples.
However when applied to biocomposites and compared with VE
based samples, AEHO biocomposites demonstrated comparable
flexural performance and improved ILSS. These results are attributed
to improved fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion due to surface-chemical
compatibility between the natural fibres and bioresin.
Abstract: In many buildings we rely on large footings to offer
structural stability. Designers often compensate for the lack of
knowledge available with regard to foundation-soil interaction by
furnishing structures with overly large footings. This may lead to a
significant increase in building expenditures if many large
foundations are present. This paper describes the interface material
law that governs the behavior along the contact surface of adjacent
materials, and the behavior of a large foundation under ultimate limit
loading. A case study is chosen that represents a common
foundation-soil system frequently used in general practice and
therefore relevant to other structures. Investigations include
compressing versus uplifting wind forces, alterations to the
foundation size and subgrade compositions, the role of the slab
stiffness and presence and the effect of commonly used structural
joints and connections. These investigations aim to provide the
reader with an objective design approach, efficiently preventing
structural instability.
Abstract: American public schools should be the place that reflects America-s diverse society. The recent Supreme Court decision to discontinue the use of race as a factor in school admission policies has caused major setbacks in America-s effort to repair its racial divide, to improve public schools, and to provide opportunities for all people, regardless of race or creed. However, educators should not allow such legal decision to hinder their ability to teach children tolerance of others in schools and classrooms in America.
Abstract: This paper investigates the spatial structure of employment in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA), with reference to the concept of the Southeast Asian extended metropolitan region (EMR). A combination of factor analysis and local Getis-Ord (Gi*) hot-spot analysis is used to identify clusters of employment in the region, including those of the urban and agriculture sectors. Spatial statistical analysis is further used to probe the spatial association of identified employment clusters with their surroundings on several dimensions, including the spatial association between the central business district (CBD) in Jakarta city on employment density in the region, the spatial impacts of urban expansion on population growth and the degree of urban-rural interaction. The degree of spatial interaction for the whole JMA is measured by the patterns of commuting trips destined to the various employment clusters. Results reveal the strong role of the urban core of Jakarta, and the regional CBD, as the centre for mixed job sectors such as retail, wholesale, services and finance. Manufacturing and local government services, on the other hand, form corridors radiating out of the urban core, reaching out to the agriculture zones in the fringes. Strong associations between the urban expansion corridors and population growth, and urban-rural mix, are revealed particularly in the eastern and western parts of JMA. Metropolitan wide commuting patterns are focussed on the urban core of Jakarta and the CBD, while relatively local commuting patterns are shown to be prevalent for the employment corridors.
Abstract: Not only is municipal pattern the institution basement of urban management, but it also determines the forms of the management results. There-s a considerable possibility of bankruptcy for China-s current municipal pattern as it-s an overdraft of land deal in fact. Based on the analysis of China-s current municipal pattern, the passage proposed an assumption of a new pattern verified legitimacy by conceptual as well as econometric models. Conclusion is: the added supernumerary value of investment in public goods was not included in China-s current municipal pattern, but hidden in the rising housing prices; we should set housing tax or municipal tax to optimize the municipal pattern, to correct the behavior of local governments and to ensure the regular development of China-s urbanization.
Abstract: The complex hybrid and nonlinear nature of many processes that are met in practice causes problems with both structure modelling and parameter identification; therefore, obtaining a model that is suitable for MPC is often a difficult task. The basic idea of this paper is to present an identification method for a piecewise affine (PWA) model based on a fuzzy clustering algorithm. First we introduce the PWA model. Next, we tackle the identification method. We treat the fuzzy clustering algorithm, deal with the projections of the fuzzy clusters into the input space of the PWA model and explain the estimation of the parameters of the PWA model by means of a modified least-squares method. Furthermore, we verify the usability of the proposed identification approach on a hybrid nonlinear batch reactor example. The result suggest that the batch reactor can be efficiently identified and thus formulated as a PWA model, which can eventually be used for model predictive control purposes.
Abstract: In this paper, we seek to determine one reasonable
local hub port and optimal routes for a containership fleet,
performing pick-ups and deliveries, between the hub and spoke ports
in a same region. The relationship between a hub port, and traffic in
feeder lines is analyzed. A new network planning method is proposed,
an integrated hub port location and route design, a capacitated vehicle
routing problem with pick-ups, deliveries and time deadlines are
formulated and solved using an improved genetic algorithm for
positioning the hub port and establishing routes for a containership
fleet. Results on the performance of the algorithm and the feasibility
of the approach show that a relatively small fleet of containerships
could provide efficient services within deadlines.
Abstract: The integrity and issues related to electrostatic performance associated with scaling Si MOSFET bulk sub 10nm channel length promotes research in new device architectures such as SOI, double gate and GAA MOSFET. In this paper, we present some novel characteristic of horizontal rectangular gate\gate all around MOSFETs with dual metal of gate we obtained using SILVACO TCAD tools. We will also exhibit some simulation results we obtained relating to the influence of some parameters variation on our structure, that having a direct impact on their threshold voltage and drain current. In addition, our TFET showed reasonable ION/IOFF ratio of (104) and low drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) of 39 mV/V.
Abstract: In this paper, fluid flow patterns of steady incompressible flow inside shear driven cavity are studied. The numerical simulations are conducted by using lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for different Reynolds numbers. In order to simulate the flow, derivation of macroscopic hydrodynamics equations from the continuous Boltzmann equation need to be performed. Then, the numerical results of shear-driven flow inside square and triangular cavity are compared with results found in literature review. Present study found that flow patterns are affected by the geometry of the cavity and the Reynolds numbers used.
Abstract: Numerical analysis for the aerodynamic characteristics
of the WIG (wing-in ground effect) craft with highly cambered and
aspect ratio of one is performed to predict the ground effect for the
case of with- and without- lower-extension endplate. The analysis is
included varying angles of attack from 0 to10 deg. and ground
clearances from 5% of chord to 50%. Due to the ground effect, the lift
by rising in pressure on the lower surface is increased and the
influence of wing-tip vortices is decreased. These two significant
effects improve the lift-drag ratio. On the other hand, the endplate
prevents the high-pressure air escaping from the air cushion at the
wing tip and causes to increase the lift and lift-drag ratio further. It is
found from the visualization of computation results that two wing-tip
vortices are generated from each surface of the wing tip and their
strength are weak and diminished rapidly. Irodov-s criteria are also
evaluated to investigate the static height stability. The comparison of
Irodov-s criteria shows that the endplate improves the deviation of the
static height stability with respect to pitch angles and heights. As the
results, the endplate can improve the aerodynamic characteristics and
static height stability of wings in ground effect, simultaneously.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adjust-
ment of solar shading devices in office buildings in two different
seasons by occupants, and its influence on the lighting control and
indoor illuminance levels. The results show that occupants take
inappropriate measures both in reducing solar radiation in summer
and in admitting solar gains in winter, resulting in an increase in
lighting energy and a reduction in indoor illuminance. Therefore,
movable shading devices, controlled automatically, are suitable for
building applications to reduce energy consumption.