Abstract: Cluster analysis is the name given to a diverse collection of techniques that can be used to classify objects (e.g. individuals, quadrats, species etc). While Kohonen's Self-Organizing Feature Map (SOFM) or Self-Organizing Map (SOM) networks have been successfully applied as a classification tool to various problem domains, including speech recognition, image data compression, image or character recognition, robot control and medical diagnosis, its potential as a robust substitute for clustering analysis remains relatively unresearched. SOM networks combine competitive learning with dimensionality reduction by smoothing the clusters with respect to an a priori grid and provide a powerful tool for data visualization. In this paper, SOM is used for creating a toroidal mapping of two-dimensional lattice to perform cluster analysis on results of a chemical analysis of wines produced in the same region in Italy but derived from three different cultivators, referred to as the “wine recognition data" located in the University of California-Irvine database. The results are encouraging and it is believed that SOM would make an appealing and powerful decision-support system tool for clustering tasks and for data visualization.
Abstract: Multicast Network Technology has pervaded our
lives-a few examples of the Networking Techniques and also for the
improvement of various routing devices we use. As we know the
Multicast Data is a technology offers many applications to the user
such as high speed voice, high speed data services, which is presently
dominated by the Normal networking and the cable system and
digital subscriber line (DSL) technologies. Advantages of Multi cast
Broadcast such as over other routing techniques. Usually QoS
(Quality of Service) Guarantees are required in most of Multicast
applications. The bandwidth-delay constrained optimization and we
use a multi objective model and routing approach based on genetic
algorithm that optimizes multiple QoS parameters simultaneously.
The proposed approach is non-dominated routes and the performance
with high efficiency of GA. Its betterment and high optimization has
been verified. We have also introduced and correlate the result of
multicast GA with the Broadband wireless to minimize the delay in
the path.
Abstract: The customary practice of identifying industrial sickness is a set traditional techniques which rely upon a range of manual monitoring and compilation of financial records. It makes the process tedious, time consuming and often are susceptible to manipulation. Therefore, certain readily available tools are required which can deal with such uncertain situations arising out of industrial sickness. It is more significant for a country like India where the fruits of development are rarely equally distributed. In this paper, we propose an approach based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to deal with industrial sickness with specific focus on a few such units taken from a less developed north-east (NE) Indian state like Assam. The proposed system provides decision regarding industrial sickness using eight different parameters which are directly related to the stages of sickness of such units. The mechanism primarily uses certain signals and symptoms of industrial health to decide upon the state of a unit. Specifically, we formulate an ANN based block with data obtained from a few selected units of Assam so that required decisions related to industrial health could be taken. The system thus formulated could become an important part of planning and development. It can also contribute towards computerization of decision support systems related to industrial health and help in better management.
Abstract: The k-nearest neighbors (knn) is a simple but effective method of classification. In this paper we present an extended version of this technique for chemical compounds used in High Throughput Screening, where the distances of the nearest neighbors can be taken into account. Our algorithm uses kernel weight functions as guidance for the process of defining activity in screening data. Proposed kernel weight function aims to combine properties of graphical structure and molecule descriptors of screening compounds. We apply the modified knn method on several experimental data from biological screens. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Abstract: Web applications have become complex and crucial for many firms, especially when combined with areas such as CRM (Customer Relationship Management) and BPR (Business Process Reengineering). The scientific community has focused attention to Web application design, development, analysis, testing, by studying and proposing methodologies and tools. Static and dynamic techniques may be used to analyze existing Web applications. The use of traditional static source code analysis may be very difficult, for the presence of dynamically generated code, and for the multi-language nature of the Web. Dynamic analysis may be useful, but it has an intrinsic limitation, the low number of program executions used to extract information. Our reverse engineering analysis, used into our WAAT (Web Applications Analysis and Testing) project, applies mutational techniques in order to exploit server side execution engines to accomplish part of the dynamic analysis. This paper studies the effects of mutation source code analysis applied to Web software to build application models. Mutation-based generated models may contain more information then necessary, so we need a pruning mechanism.
Abstract: With deep development of software reuse, componentrelated
technologies have been widely applied in the development of
large-scale complex applications. Component identification (CI) is
one of the primary research problems in software reuse, by analyzing
domain business models to get a set of business components with high
reuse value and good reuse performance to support effective reuse.
Based on the concept and classification of CI, its technical stack is
briefly discussed from four views, i.e., form of input business models,
identification goals, identification strategies, and identification
process. Then various CI methods presented in literatures are
classified into four types, i.e., domain analysis based methods,
cohesion-coupling based clustering methods, CRUD matrix based
methods, and other methods, with the comparisons between these
methods for their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, some
insufficiencies of study on CI are discussed, and the causes are
explained subsequently. Finally, it is concluded with some
significantly promising tendency about research on this problem.
Abstract: This paper examines whether or not immigration has a positive influence on the duration of unemployment, in a macroeconomic perspective. We analyse also whether the degree of labor market integration can influence migration. The integration of immigrants into the labor market is a recurrence theme in the work on the economic consequences of immigration. However, to our knowledge, no researchers have studied the impact of immigration on unemployment duration, and vice versa. With two methodology of research (panel estimations (OLS and 2SLS) and panel cointegration techniques), we show that migration seems to influence positively the short-term unemployment and negatively long-term unemployment, for 14 OECD destination countries. In addition, immigration seems to be conditioned by the structural and institutional characteristics of the labour market.
Abstract: The posteroanterior manipulation technique is usually include in the procedure of the lumbar spine to evaluate the intervertebral motion according to mechanical resistance. The mechanical device with visual feedback was proposed that allows one to analysis the lumbar segments mobility “in vivo" facilitating for the therapist to take its treatment evolution. The measuring system uses load cell and displacement sensor to estimate spine stiffness. In this work, the device was tested by 2 therapists, female, applying posteroanterior force techniques to 5 volunteers, female, with frequency of approximately 1.2-1.8 Hz. A test-retest procedure was used for 2 periods of day. The visual feedback results small variation of forces and cycle time during 6 cycles rhythmic application. The stiffness values showed good agreement between test-retest procedures when used same order of maximum forces.
Abstract: The Sensor Network consists of densely deployed
sensor nodes. Energy optimization is one of the most important
aspects of sensor application design. Data acquisition and aggregation
techniques for processing data in-network should be energy efficient.
Due to the cross-layer design, resource-limited and noisy nature
of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs), it is challenging to study
the performance of these systems in a realistic setting. In this
paper, we propose optimizing queries by aggregation of data and
data redundancy to reduce energy consumption without requiring
all sensed data and directed diffusion communication paradigm to
achieve power savings, robust communication and processing data
in-network. To estimate the per-node power consumption POWERTossim
mica2 energy model is used, which provides scalable and
accurate results. The performance analysis shows that the proposed
methods overcomes the existing methods in the aspects of energy
consumption in wireless sensor networks.
Abstract: Resistive switching of aluminum nitride (AlNx) thin film was demonstrated in a TaN/AlNx/TiN memory cell that was prepared by sputter deposition techniques. The memory cell showed bipolar switching of resistance between +3.5 V and –3.5 V. The resistance ratio of high resistance state (HRS) to low resistance state (HRS), RHRS/RLRS, was about 2 over 100 cycles of endurance test. Both the LRS and HRS of the memory cell exhibited ohmic conduction at low voltages and Poole-Frenkel emission at high voltages. The electrical conduction in the TaN/AlNx/TiN memory cell was possibly attributed to the interactions between charges and defects in the AlNx film.
Abstract: The term interactive education indicates the meaning
related with multidisciplinary aspects of distance education following
contemporary means around a common basis with different
functional requirements. The aim of this paper is to reflect the new
techniques in education with the new methods and inventions. These
methods are better supplied by interactivity. The integration of
interactive facilities in the discipline of education with distance
learning is not a new concept but in addition the usage of these
methods on design issue is newly being adapted to design education.
In this paper the general approach of this method and after the
analysis of different samples, the advantages and disadvantages of
these approaches are being identified. The method of this paper is to
evaluate the related samples and then analyzing the main hypothesis.
The main focus is to mention the formation processes of this
education. Technological developments in education should be
filtered around the necessities of the design education and the
structure of the system could then be formed or renewed. The
conclusion indicates that interactive methods of education in design
issue is a meaning capturing not only technical and computational
intelligence aspects but also aesthetical and artistic approaches
coming together around the same purpose.
Abstract: The paper proposes a new concept in developing
collaborative design system. The concept framework involves
applying simulation of supply chain management to collaborative
design called – 'SCM–Based Design Tool'. The system is developed
particularly to support design activities and to integrate all facilities
together. The system is aimed to increase design productivity and
creativity. Therefore, designers and customers can collaborate by the
system since conceptual design. JAG: Jewelry Art Generator based
on artificial intelligence techniques is integrated into the system.
Moreover, the proposed system can support users as decision tool
and data propagation. The system covers since raw material supply
until product delivery. Data management and sharing information are
visually supported to designers and customers via user interface. The
system is developed on Web–assisted product development
environment. The prototype system is presented for Thai jewelry
industry as a system prototype demonstration, but applicable for
other industry.
Abstract: In MPEG and H.26x standards, to eliminate the
temporal redundancy we use motion estimation. Given that the
motion estimation stage is very complex in terms of computational
effort, a hardware implementation on a re-configurable circuit is
crucial for the requirements of different real time multimedia
applications. In this paper, we present hardware architecture for
motion estimation based on "Full Search Block Matching" (FSBM)
algorithm. This architecture presents minimum latency, maximum
throughput, full utilization of hardware resources such as embedded
memory blocks, and combining both pipelining and parallel
processing techniques. Our design is described in VHDL language,
verified by simulation and implemented in a Stratix II
EP2S130F1020C4 FPGA circuit. The experiment result show that the
optimum operating clock frequency of the proposed design is 89MHz
which achieves 160M pixels/sec.
Abstract: In this contribution a newly developed e-learning environment is presented, which incorporates Intelligent Agents and Computational Intelligence Techniques. The new e-learning environment is constituted by three parts, the E-learning platform Front-End, the Student Questioner Reasoning and the Student Model Agent. These parts are distributed geographically in dispersed computer servers, with main focus on the design and development of these subsystems through the use of new and emerging technologies. These parts are interconnected in an interoperable way, using web services for the integration of the subsystems, in order to enhance the user modelling procedure and achieve the goals of the learning process.
Abstract: Does the spatial perspective provide a common thread for rural sociology? Have rural sociologists succeeded in bringing order to their data using spatial analysis models and techniques? A trial answer to such questions, as touchstones of theoretical and applied sociological studies in rural areas, is the point at issue in the present paper. Spatial analyses have changed the way rural sociologists approach scientific problems. Rural sociology is spatial by nature because much, if not most, of its research topics has a spatial “awareness." However, such spatial awareness is not quite the same as spatial analysis because it is not typically associated with underlying theories and hypotheses about spatial patterns that are designed to be tested for their specific spatial content. This paper presents pressing issues for future research to reintroduce mainstream rural sociology to the concept of space.
Abstract: techniques are examined to overcome the
performance degradation caused by the channel dispersion using
slow frequency hopping (SFH) with dynamic frequency hopping
(DFH) pattern adaptation. In DFH systems, the frequency slots are
selected by continuous quality monitoring of all frequencies available
in a system and modification of hopping patterns for each individual
link based on replacing slots which its signal to interference ratio
(SIR) measurement is below a required threshold. Simulation results
will show the improvements in BER obtained by DFH in comparison
with matched frequency hopping (MFH), random frequency hopping
(RFH) and multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA)
in multipath slowly fading dispersive channels using a generalized
bandpass two-path transfer function model, and will show the
improvement obtained according to the threshold selection.
Abstract: Presents a concept for a multidisciplinary process
supporting effective task transitions between different technical
domains during the architectural design stage.
A system configuration challenge is the multifunctional driven
increased solution space. As a consequence, more iteration is needed
to find a global optimum, i.e. a compromise between involved
disciplines without negative impact on development time. Since state
of the art standards like ISO 15288 and VDI 2206 do not provide a
detailed methodology on multidisciplinary design process, higher
uncertainties regarding final specifications arise. This leads to the
need of more detailed and standardized concepts or processes which
could mitigate risks.
The performed work is based on analysis of multidisciplinary
interaction, of modeling and simulation techniques. To demonstrate
and prove the applicability of the presented concept, it is applied to
the design of aircraft high lift systems, in the context of the
engineering disciplines kinematics, actuation, monitoring, installation
and structure design.
Abstract: Various assisted reproductive techniques have been
developed and refined to obtain a large number of offspring from
genetically superior animals or obtain offspring from infertile (or
subfertile) animals. The embryo transfer is one assisted reproductive
technique developed well, aimed at increased productivity of selected
females, disease control, importation and exportation of livestock,
rapid screening of AI sires for genetically recessive characteristics,
treatment or circumvention of certain types of infertility. Embryo
transfer also is a useful research tool for evaluating fetal and maternal
interactions. This technique has been applied to nearly every species
of domestic animal and many species of wildlife and exotic animals,
including humans and non-human primates. The successful of
embryo transfers have been limited to within-animal, homologous
replacement of the embryos. There are several examples of
interspecific and intergeneric embryo transfers in which embryos
implanted but did not develop to term: sheep and goat, mouse and rat.
An immunological rejections and placental incompatibility between
the embryo and the surrogate mother appear to restrict interspecific
embryo transfer/interspecific pregnancy. Recently, preimplantation
embryo manipulation procedures have been applied, such as
technique of inner cell mass transfer. This technique will possible to
overcome the reproductive barrier interspecific embryo
transfer/interspecific pregnancy, if there is a protective mechanism
which prevents recognition of the foreign fetus by the mother of the
other species
Abstract: New generation mobile communication networks have
the ability of supporting triple play. In order that, Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) access techniques have
been chosen to enlarge the system ability for high data rates
networks. Many of cross-layer modeling and optimization schemes
for Quality of Service (QoS) and capacity of downlink multiuser
OFDM system were proposed. In this paper, the Maximum Weighted
Capacity (MWC) based resource allocation at the Physical (PHY)
layer is used. This resource allocation scheme provides a much better
QoS than the previous resource allocation schemes, while
maintaining the highest or nearly highest capacity and costing similar
complexity. In addition, the Delay Satisfaction (DS) scheduling at the
Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, which allows more than one
connection to be served in each slot is used. This scheduling
technique is more efficient than conventional scheduling to
investigate both of the number of users as well as the number of
subcarriers against system capacity. The system will be optimized for
different operational environments: the outdoor deployment scenarios
as well as the indoor deployment scenarios are investigated and also
for different channel models. In addition, effective capacity approach
[1] is used not only for providing QoS for different mobile users, but
also to increase the total wireless network's throughput.
Abstract: DNA microarrays allow the measurement of expression levels for a large number of genes, perhaps all genes of an organism, within a number of different experimental samples. It is very much important to extract biologically meaningful information from this huge amount of expression data to know the current state of the cell because most cellular processes are regulated by changes in gene expression. Association rule mining techniques are helpful to find association relationship between genes. Numerous association rule mining algorithms have been developed to analyze and associate this huge amount of gene expression data. This paper focuses on some of the popular association rule mining algorithms developed to analyze gene expression data.