Abstract: Understanding how precipitation inter-annually
changes and its implication in agricultural drought and production change in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth season is critical for crop production in China. MODIS Temperature-Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) and daily mean precipitation time series for the main growth season(Feb. to May) of winter wheat from 2000 to 2010
were used to analyze the distribution of trends of precipitation,
agricultural drought and winter wheat yield change respectively, and
relationships between them in North China region(Huang-huai-hai
region, HHH region), China. The results indicated that the trend of
precipitation in HHH region past 11 years was increasing, which had
induced generally corresponding decreasing trend of agricultural
drought and increasing trend of wheat yield, while the trend of drought
was spatially diverse. The study could provide a basis for agricultural
drought research during winter wheat season in HHH region under the
ground of climate change.
Abstract: Among all mechanical joining processes, welding has
been employed for its advantage in design flexibility, cost saving,
reduced overall weight and enhanced structural performance.
However, for structures made of relatively thin components, welding
can introduce significant buckling distortion which causes loss of
dimensional control, structural integrity and increased fabrication
costs. Different parameters can affect buckling behavior of welded
thin structures such as, heat input, welding sequence, dimension of
structure. In this work, a 3-D thermo elastic-viscoplastic finite
element analysis technique is applied to evaluate the effect of shell
dimensions on buckling behavior and entropy generation of welded
thin shells. Also, in the present work, the approximated longitudinal
transient stresses which produced in each time step, is applied to the
3D-eigenvalue analysis to ratify predicted buckling time and
corresponding eigenmode. Besides, the possibility of buckling
prediction by entropy generation at each time is investigated and it is
found that one can predict time of buckling with drawing entropy
generation versus out of plane deformation. The results of finite
element analysis show that the length, span and thickness of welded
thin shells affect the number of local buckling, mode shape of global
buckling and post-buckling behavior of welded thin shells.
Abstract: This research work proposes a model of network security systems aiming to prevent production system in a data center from being attacked by intrusions. Conceptually, we introduce a decoy system as a part of the security system for luring intrusions, and apply network intrusion detection (NIDS), coupled with the decoy system to perform intrusion prevention. When NIDS detects an activity of intrusions, it will signal a redirection module to redirect all malicious traffics to attack the decoy system instead, and hence the production system is protected and safe. However, in a normal situation, traffic will be simply forwarded to the production system as usual. Furthermore, we assess the performance of the model with various bandwidths, packet sizes and inter-attack intervals (attacking frequencies).
Abstract: Today, the preferences and participation of the TD groups such as the elderly and disabled is still lacking in decision-making of transportation planning, and their reactions to certain type of policies are not well known. Thus, a clear methodology is needed. This study aimed to develop a method to extract the preferences of the disabled to be used in the policy-making stage that can also guide to future estimations. The method utilizes the combination of cluster analysis and data filtering using the data of the Arao city (Japan). The method is a process that follows: defining the TD group by the cluster analysis tool, their travel preferences in tabular form from the household surveys by policy variableimpact pairs, zones, and by trip purposes, and the final outcome is the preference probabilities of the disabled. The preferences vary by trip purpose; for the work trips, accessibility and transit system quality policies with the accompanying impacts of modal shifts towards public mode use as well as the decreasing travel costs, and the trip rate increase; for the social trips, the same accessibility and transit system policies leading to the same mode shift impact, together with the travel quality policy area leading to trip rate increase. These results explain the policies to focus and can be used in scenario generation in models, or any other planning purpose as decision support tool.
Abstract: Service identification is one of the main activities in
the modeling of a service-oriented solution, and therefore errors
made during identification can flow down through detailed design
and implementation activities that may necessitate multiple
iterations, especially in building composite applications. Different
strategies exist for how to identify candidate services that each of
them has its own benefits and trade offs. The approach presented in
this paper proposes a selective identification of services approach,
based on in depth business process analysis coupled with use cases
and existing assets analysis and goal service modeling. This article
clearly emphasizes the key activities need for the analysis and
service identification to build a optimized service oriented
architecture. In contrast to other approaches this article mentions
some best practices and steps, wherever appropriate, to point out the
vagueness involved in service identification.
Abstract: A considerable progress has been achieved in transient
stability analysis (TSA) with various FACTS controllers. But, all
these controllers are associated with single transmission line. This
paper is intended to discuss a new approach i.e. a multi-line FACTS
controller which is interline power flow controller (IPFC) for TSA of
a multi-machine power system network. A mathematical model of
IPFC, termed as power injection model (PIM) presented and this
model is incorporated in Newton-Raphson (NR) power flow
algorithm. Then, the reduced admittance matrix of a multi-machine
power system network for a three phase fault without and with IPFC
is obtained which is required to draw the machine swing curves. A
general approach based on L-index has also been discussed to find
the best location of IPFC to reduce the proximity to instability of a
power system. Numerical results are carried out on two test systems
namely, 6-bus and 11-bus systems. A program in MATLAB has
been written to plot the variation of generator rotor angle and speed
difference curves without and with IPFC for TSA and also a simple
approach has been presented to evaluate critical clearing time for test
systems. The results obtained without and with IPFC are compared
and discussed.
Abstract: Cognitive radio devices have been considered as a key technology for next-generation of wireless communication. These devices in the context of IEEE 802.11 standards and IEEE 802.16 standards, can opportunistically utilize the wireless spectrum to achieve better user performance and improve the overall spectrumutilization efficiency, mainly in the unlicensed 5 GHz bands. However, opportunistic use of wireless spectrum creates news problems such as peaceful coexistence with other wireless technologies, such as the radiolocation systems, as well as understanding the influence of interference that each of these networks can create. In this paper, we suggest a dynamic access model that considerably reduces this interference and allows efficiency and fairness use of the wireless spectrum.
Abstract: In this paper, we present an algorithm for computing a
Schur factorization of a real nonsymmetric matrix with ordered diagonal
blocks such that upper left blocks contains the largest magnitude
eigenvalues. Especially in case of multiple eigenvalues, when matrix
is non diagonalizable, we construct an invariant subspaces with few
additional tricks which are heuristic and numerical results shows the
stability and accuracy of the algorithm.
Abstract: This paper proposes an auto-classification algorithm
of Web pages using Data mining techniques. We consider the
problem of discovering association rules between terms in a set of
Web pages belonging to a category in a search engine database, and
present an auto-classification algorithm for solving this problem that
are fundamentally based on Apriori algorithm. The proposed
technique has two phases. The first phase is a training phase where
human experts determines the categories of different Web pages, and
the supervised Data mining algorithm will combine these categories
with appropriate weighted index terms according to the highest
supported rules among the most frequent words. The second phase is
the categorization phase where a web crawler will crawl through the
World Wide Web to build a database categorized according to the
result of the data mining approach. This database contains URLs and
their categories.
Abstract: A new interface circuit for capacitive sensor is
presented. This paper presents the design and simulation of soil
moisture capacitive sensor interface circuit based on phase
differential technique. The circuit has been designed and fabricated
using MIMOS- 0.35"m CMOS technology. Simulation and test
results show linear characteristic from 36 – 52 degree phase
difference, representing 0 – 100% in soil moisture level. Test result
shows the circuit has sensitivity of 0.79mV/0.10 phase difference,
translating into resolution of 10% soil moisture level.
Abstract: In order to meet the limits imposed on automotive
emissions, engine control systems are required to constrain air/fuel
ratio (AFR) in a narrow band around the stoichiometric value, due to
the strong decay of catalyst efficiency in case of rich or lean mixture.
This paper presents a model of a sample spark ignition engine and
demonstrates Simulink-s capabilities to model an internal combustion
engine from the throttle to the crankshaft output. We used welldefined
physical principles supplemented, where appropriate, with
empirical relationships that describe the system-s dynamic behavior
without introducing unnecessary complexity. We also presents a PID
tuning method that uses an adaptive fuzzy system to model the
relationship between the controller gains and the target output
response, with the response specification set by desired percent
overshoot and settling time. The adaptive fuzzy based input-output
model is then used to tune on-line the PID gains for different
response specifications. Experimental results demonstrate that better
performance can be achieved with adaptive fuzzy tuning relative to
similar alternative control strategies. The actual response
specifications with adaptive fuzzy matched the desired response
specifications.
Abstract: Apparel product development is an important stage in the life cycle of a product. Shortening this stage will help to reduce the costs of a garment. The aim of this study is to examine the production parameters in knitwear apparel companies by defining the unit costs, and developing a software to calculate the unit costs of garments and make the cost estimates. In this study, with the help of a questionnaire, different companies- systems of unit cost estimating and cost calculating were tried to be analyzed. Within the scope of the questionnaire, the importance of cost estimating process for apparel companies and the expectations from a new cost estimating program were investigated. According to the results of the questionnaire, it was seen that the majority of companies which participated to the questionnaire use manual cost calculating methods or simple Microsoft Excel spreadsheets to make cost estimates. Furthermore, it was discovered that many companies meet with difficulties in archiving the cost data for future use and as a solution to that problem, it is thought that prior to making a cost estimate, sub units of garment costs which are fabric, accessory and the labor costs should be analyzed and added to the database of the programme beforehand. Another specification of the cost estimating unit prepared in this study is that the programme was designed to consist of two main units, one of which makes the product specification and the other makes the cost calculation. The programme is prepared as a web-based application in order that the supplier, the manufacturer and the customer can have the opportunity to communicate through the same platform.
Abstract: A topologically oriented neural network is very
efficient for real-time path planning for a mobile robot in changing
environments. When using a recurrent neural network for this
purpose and with the combination of the partial differential equation
of heat transfer and the distributed potential concept of the network,
the problem of obstacle avoidance of trajectory planning for a
moving robot can be efficiently solved. The related dimensional
network represents the state variables and the topology of the robot's
working space. In this paper two approaches to problem solution are
proposed. The first approach relies on the potential distribution of
attraction distributed around the moving target, acting as a unique
local extreme in the net, with the gradient of the state variables
directing the current flow toward the source of the potential heat. The
second approach considers two attractive and repulsive potential
sources to decrease the time of potential distribution. Computer
simulations have been carried out to interrogate the performance of
the proposed approaches.
Abstract: In order to accommodate various multimedia
services, next generation wireless networks are characterized
by very high transmission bit rates. Thus, in such systems and
networks, the received signal is not only limited by noise but -
especially with increasing symbols rate often more
significantly by the intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by
the time dispersive radio channels such as those are used in
this work. This paper deals with the study of the performance
of detector for high bit rate transmission on some worst case
models of frequency selective fading channels for outdoor
mobile radio environments. This paper deals with a number of
different wireless channels with different power profiles and
different number of resolvable paths. All the radio channels
generated in this paper are for outdoor vehicular environments
with Doppler spread of 100 Hz. A carrier frequency of 1800
MHz is used and all the channels used in this work are such
that they are useful for next generation wireless systems.
Schemes for mitigation of ISI with adaptive equalizers of
different types have been investigated and their performances
have been investigated in terms of BER measured as a function
of SNR.
Abstract: This research aimed to study employees- perceptions and expectations toward their organization-s corporate social responsibility (CSR), to study the differences between employees- personal factors and level of perceptions and expectations toward CSR, and to study the relationship between employees- perceptions and expectations toward CSR. Purposive sampling and questionnaire were applied to collect information from 400 private company employees in Bangkok metropolitan area. The results revealed that employees had “high" level of perceptions and expectations toward CSR, of which the highest level were given on the area of “corporate governance and transparency". It was found that there was different level of expectations of employees with different period of employment, position and employment (by listed and non-listed companies). Employees of different age and period of employment also had different level of expectations. Employees- perceptions were correlated with their expectations toward CSR.
Abstract: One of the major cause of eye strain and other
problems caused while watching television is the relative illumination between the screen and its surrounding. This can be
overcome by adjusting the brightness of the screen with respect to the surrounding light. A controller based on fuzzy logic is proposed
in this paper. The fuzzy controller takes in the intensity of light
surrounding the screen and the present brightness of the screen as input. The output of the fuzzy controller is the grid voltage corresponding to the required brightness. This voltage is given to CRT and brightness is controller dynamically. For the given test system data, different de-fuzzifier methods have been implemented and the results are compared. In order to validate the effectiveness of
the proposed approach, a fuzzy controller has been designed by obtaining a test data from a real time system. The simulations are
performed in MATLAB and are verified with standard system data. The proposed approach can be implemented for real time
applications.
Abstract: Over the past few years, a number of efforts have
been exerted to build parallel processing systems that utilize the idle
power of LAN-s and PC-s available in many homes and corporations.
The main advantage of these approaches is that they provide cheap
parallel processing environments for those who cannot afford the
expenses of supercomputers and parallel processing hardware.
However, most of the solutions provided are not very flexible in the
use of available resources and very difficult to install and setup.
In this paper, a multi-level web-based parallel processing system
(MWPS) is designed (appendix). MWPS is based on the idea of
volunteer computing, very flexible, easy to setup and easy to use.
MWPS allows three types of subscribers: simple volunteers (single
computers), super volunteers (full networks) and end users. All of
these entities are coordinated transparently through a secure web site.
Volunteer nodes provide the required processing power needed by
the system end users. There is no limit on the number of volunteer
nodes, and accordingly the system can grow indefinitely. Both
volunteer and system users must register and subscribe. Once, they
subscribe, each entity is provided with the appropriate MWPS
components. These components are very easy to install.
Super volunteer nodes are provided with special components that
make it possible to delegate some of the load to their inner nodes.
These inner nodes may also delegate some of the load to some other
lower level inner nodes .... and so on. It is the responsibility of the
parent super nodes to coordinate the delegation process and deliver
the results back to the user.
MWPS uses a simple behavior-based scheduler that takes into
consideration the current load and previous behavior of processing
nodes. Nodes that fulfill their contracts within the expected time get a
high degree of trust. Nodes that fail to satisfy their contract get a
lower degree of trust.
MWPS is based on the .NET framework and provides the minimal
level of security expected in distributed processing environments.
Users and processing nodes are fully authenticated. Communications
and messages between nodes are very secure. The system has been
implemented using C#.
MWPS may be used by any group of people or companies to
establish a parallel processing or grid environment.
Abstract: Although a picture can be automatically a graphic
work, but especially in the field of graphics and images based on the
idea of advertising and graphic design will be prepared and
photographers to realize the design using his own knowledge and
skills to help does. It is evident that knowledge of photography,
photographer and designer of the facilities, fields of reaching a
higher level of quality offers. At the same time do not have a graphic
designer is also skilled photographer, but can execute your idea may
delegate to an expert photographer. Using technology and methods in
all fields of photography, graphic art may be applicable. But most of
its application in Iran, in works such as packaging, posters, Bill
Board, advertising, brochures and catalogs are. In this study, we
review how the images and techniques in the chart should be used in
Iranian graphic photo what impact has left. Using photography
techniques and procedures can be designed and helped advance the
goals graphic. Technique could not determine the idea. But what is
important to think about design and photography and his creativity
can flourish as a tool to be effective graphic designer in mind.
Computer software to help it's very promotes creativity techniques
shall graphic designer but also it is as a tool. Using images in various
fields, especially graphic arts and only because it is not being
documented, but applications are beautiful. As to his photographic
style from today is graphics. Graphic works try to affect impacts on
their audience. Hence the photo as an important factor is attention.
The other hand saw the man with the extent of forgiving and
understanding people's image, instead of using the word to your files,
allows large messages and concepts should be sent in the shortest
time. Posters, advertisements, brochures, catalog and packaging
products very diverse agricultural, industrial and food could not be
self-image. Today, the use of graphic images for a big score and the
photos to richen the role graphic design plays a major.
Abstract: The development of the poultry industry in Albania is mainly based on the existence of intensive modern farms with huge capacities, which often are mixed with other forms. Colibacillosis is commonly displayed regardless of the type of breeding, delivering high mortality in poultry industry. The mechanisms with which pathogen enterobacters are able to cause the infection in poultry are not yet clear. The routine diagnose in the field, followed by isolation of E. coli and species of Salmonella genres in reference laboratories cannot lead in classification or full recognition of circulative strains in a territory, if it is not performed a differentiation among the present microorganisms in intensive farms and those in rural areas. In this study were isolated 1.496 strains of E. coli and 378 Salmonella spp. This study, presents distribution of poultry pathogenosity of E.coli and Salmonella spp., based on the usage of innovative diagnostic methods.
Abstract: This paper sets forth the possibility and importance about applying Data Mining in Web logs mining and shows some problems in the conventional searching engines. Then it offers an improved algorithm based on the original AprioriAll algorithm which has been used in Web logs mining widely. The new algorithm adds the property of the User ID during the every step of producing the candidate set and every step of scanning the database by which to decide whether an item in the candidate set should be put into the large set which will be used to produce next candidate set. At the meantime, in order to reduce the number of the database scanning, the new algorithm, by using the property of the Apriori algorithm, limits the size of the candidate set in time whenever it is produced. Test results show the improved algorithm has a more lower complexity of time and space, better restrain noise and fit the capacity of memory.