Abstract: The pressure drag from a cam shaped tube in cross flows have been investigated experimentally using pressure distribution measurement. The range of angle of attack and Reynolds number based on an equivalent circular tube are within 0≤α≤360° and 2×104< Reeq < 3.4 ×104, respectively. It is found that the pressure drag coefficient is at its highest at α=90° and 270° over the whole range of Reynolds number. Results show that the pressure drag coefficient of the cam shaped tube is lower than that of circular tube with the same surface area for more of the angles of attack. Furthermore, effects of the diameter ratio and finite length of the cam shaped tube upon the pressure drag coefficient are discussed.
Abstract: This paper presents a novel CMOS four-transistor
SRAM cell for very high density and low power embedded SRAM
applications as well as for stand-alone SRAM applications. This cell
retains its data with leakage current and positive feedback without
refresh cycle. The new cell size is 20% smaller than a conventional
six-transistor cell using same design rules. Also proposed cell uses
two word-lines and one pair bit-line. Read operation perform from
one side of cell, and write operation perform from another side of
cell, and swing voltage reduced on word-lines thus dynamic power
during read/write operation reduced. The fabrication process is fully
compatible with high-performance CMOS logic technologies,
because there is no need to integrate a poly-Si resistor or a TFT load.
HSPICE simulation in standard 0.25μm CMOS technology confirms
all results obtained from this paper.
Abstract: Attitude Determination (AD) of a spacecraft using the
phase measurements of the Global Navigation Satellite System
(GNSS) is an active area of research. Various attitude determination
algorithms have been developed in yester years for spacecrafts using
different sensors but the last two decades have witnessed a
phenomenal increase in research related with GPS receivers as a
stand-alone sensor for determining the attitude of satellite using the
phase measurements of the signals from GNSS. The GNSS-based
Attitude determination algorithms have been experimented in many
real missions. The problem of AD algorithms using GNSS phase
measurements has two important parts; the ambiguity resolution and
the determining of attitude. Ambiguity resolution is the widely
addressed topic in literature for implementing the AD algorithm
using GNSS phase measurements for achieving the accuracy of
millimeter level. This paper broadly overviews the different
techniques for resolving the integer ambiguities encountered in AD
using GNSS phase measurements.
Abstract: The quality of Ribbed Smoked Sheets
(RSS) primarily based on color, dryness, and the presence or
absence of fungus and bubbles. This quality is strongly
influenced by the drying and fumigation process namely
smoking process. Smoking that is held in high temperature
long time will result scorched dark brown sheets, whereas if
the temperature is too low or slow drying rate would resulted
in less mature sheets and growth of fungus. Therefore need to
find the time and temperature for optimum quality of sheets.
Enhance, unmonitored heat and mass transfer during smoking
process lead to high losses of energy balance. This research
aims to generate simple empirical mathematical model
describing the effect of smoking time and temperature to RSS
quality of color, water content, fungus and bubbles. The
second goal of study was to analyze energy balance during
smoking process. Experimental study was conducted by
measuring temperature, residence time and quality parameters
of 16 sheets sample in smoking rooms. Data for energy
consumption balance such as mass of fuel wood, mass of
sheets being smoked, construction temperature, ambient
temperature and relative humidity were taken directly along
the smoking process. It was found that mathematical model
correlating smoking temperature and time with color is Color
= -169 - 0.184 T4 - 0.193 T3 - 0.160 0.405 T1 + T2 + 0.388 t1
+3.11 t2 + 3.92t3 + 0.215 t4 with R square 50.8% and with
moisture is Moisture = -1.40-0.00123 T4 + 0.00032 T3 +
0.00260 T2 - 0.00292 T1 - 0.0105 t1 + 0.0290 t2 + 0.0452 t3
+ 0.00061 t4 with R square of 49.9%. Smoking room energy
analysis found useful energy was 27.8%. The energy stored in
the material construction 7.3%. Lost of energy in conversion
of wood combustion, ventilation and others were 16.6%. The
energy flowed out through the contact of material construction
with the ambient air was found to be the highest contribution
to energy losses, it reached 48.3%.
Abstract: In this paper, we are concerned with the design and
its simulation studies of a modified extremum seeking control for
nonlinear systems. A standard extremum seeking control has a simple
structure, but it takes a long time to reach an optimal operating point.
We consider a modification of the standard extremum seeking control
which is aimed to reach the optimal operating point more speedily
than the standard one. In the modification, PD acceleration term
is added before an integrator making a principal control, so that it
enables the objects to be regulated to the optimal point smoothly. This
proposed method is applied to Monod and Williams-Otto models to
investigate its effectiveness. Numerical simulation results show that
this modified method can improve the time response to the optimal
operating point more speedily than the standard one.
Abstract: Aurein 1.2 is a 13-residue amphipathic peptide with antibacterial and anticancer activity. Aurein1.2 and its retro analog were synthesized to study the activity of the peptides in relation to their structure. The antibacterial test result showed the retro-analog is inactive. The secondary structural analysis by CD spectra indicated that both of the peptides at TFE/Water adopt alpha-helical conformation. MD simulation was performed on aurein 1.2 and retro-analog in water and TFE in order to analyse the factors that are involved in the activity difference between retro and the native peptide. The simulation results are discussed and validated in the light of experimental data from the CD experiment. Both of the peptides showed a relatively similar pattern for their hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, solvent accessible surfaces, and solvent accessible hydrophobic surfaces. However, they showed different in directions of dipole moment of peptides. Also, Our results further indicate that the reversion of the amino acid sequence affects flexibility .The data also showed that factors causing structural rigidity may decrease the activity. Consequently, our finding suggests that in the case of sequence-reversed peptide strategy, one has to pay attention to the role of amino acid sequence order in making flexibility and role of dipole moment direction in peptide activity. KeywordsAntimicrobial peptides, retro, molecular dynamic, circular dichroism.
Abstract: A new deployment of the multiple criteria decision
making (MCDM) techniques: the Simple Additive Weighting
(SAW), and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to
Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) for portfolio allocation, is demonstrated in
this paper. Rather than exclusive reference to mean and variance as in
the traditional mean-variance method, the criteria used in this
demonstration are the first four moments of the portfolio distribution.
Each asset is evaluated based on its marginal impacts to portfolio
higher moments that are characterized by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers.
Then centroid-based defuzzification is applied to convert fuzzy
numbers to the crisp numbers by which SAW and TOPSIS can be
deployed. Experimental results suggest the similar efficiency of these
MCDM approaches to selecting dominant assets for an optimal
portfolio under higher moments. The proposed approaches allow
investors flexibly adjust their risk preferences regarding higher
moments via different schemes adapting to various (from
conservative to risky) kinds of investors. The other significant
advantage is that, compared to the mean-variance analysis, the
portfolio weights obtained by SAW and TOPSIS are consistently
well-diversified.
Abstract: A person-to-person information sharing is easily realized
by P2P networks in which servers are not essential. Leakage
of information, which are caused by malicious accesses for P2P
networks, has become a new social issues. To prevent information
leakage, it is necessary to detect and block traffics of P2P software.
Since some P2P softwares can spoof port numbers, it is difficult to
detect the traffics sent from P2P softwares by using port numbers.
It is more difficult to devise effective countermeasures for detecting
the software because their protocol are not public.
In this paper, a discriminating method of network applications
based on communication characteristics of application messages
without port numbers is proposed. The proposed method is based
on an assumption that there can be some rules about time intervals
to transmit messages in application layer and the number of necessary
packets to send one message. By extracting the rule from network
traffic, the proposed method can discriminate applications without
port numbers.
Abstract: This research was conducted in the Pua Watershed whereas located in the Upper Nan River Basin in Nan province, Thailand. Nan River basin originated in Nan province that comprises of many tributary streams to produce as inflow to the Sirikit dam provided huge reservoir with the storage capacity of 9510 million cubic meters. The common problems of most watersheds were found i.e. shortage water supply for consumption and agriculture utilizations, deteriorate of water quality, flood and landslide including debris flow, and unstable of riverbank. The Pua Watershed is one of several small river basins that flow through the Nan River Basin. The watershed includes 404 km2 representing the Pua District, the Upper Nan Basin, or the whole Nan River Basin, of 61.5%, 18.2% or 1.2% respectively. The Pua River is a main stream producing all year streamflow supplying the Pua District and an inflow to the Upper Nan Basin. Its length approximately 56.3 kilometers with an average slope of the channel by 1.9% measured. A diversion weir namely Pua weir bound the plain and mountainous areas with a very steep slope of the riverbed to 2.9% and drainage area of 149 km2 as upstream watershed while a mild slope of the riverbed to 0.2% found in a river reach of 20.3 km downstream of this weir, which considered as a gauged basin. However, the major branch streams of the Pua River are ungauged catchments namely: Nam Kwang and Nam Koon with the drainage area of 86 and 35 km2 respectively. These upstream watersheds produce runoff through the 3-streams downstream of Pua weir, Jao weir, and Kang weir, with an averaged annual runoff of 578 million cubic meters. They were analyzed using both statistical data at Pua weir and simulated data resulted from the hydrologic modeling system (HEC–HMS) which applied for the remaining ungauged basins. Since the Kwang and Koon catchments were limited with lack of hydrological data included streamflow and rainfall. Therefore, the mathematical modeling: HEC-HMS with the Snyder-s hydrograph synthesized and transposed methods were applied for those areas using calibrated hydrological parameters from the upstream of Pua weir with continuously daily recorded of streamflow and rainfall data during 2008-2011. The results showed that the simulated daily streamflow and sum up as annual runoff in 2008, 2010, and 2011 were fitted with observed annual runoff at Pua weir using the simple linear regression with the satisfied correlation R2 of 0.64, 062, and 0.59, respectively. The sensitivity of simulation results were come from difficulty using calibrated parameters i.e. lag-time, coefficient of peak flow, initial losses, uniform loss rates, and missing some daily observed data. These calibrated parameters were used to apply for the other 2-ungauged catchments and downstream catchments simulated.
Abstract: The purpose of the research was to determine
effectiveness of habilitation of preschool children with cerebral palsy
in the process of pedagogical support of their families. The author
presents the study of psychology-pedagogical problems of families
with preschool children with cerebral palsy and the universal
program of pedagogical support of families. In the conclusion, the
author determines effectiveness of social adaptation of children with
cerebral palsy and their families.
Abstract: This paper presents a finite point method based on
directional derivatives for diffusion equation on 2D scattered points.
To discretize the diffusion operator at a given point, a six-point stencil
is derived by employing explicit numerical formulae of directional
derivatives, namely, for the point under consideration, only five
neighbor points are involved, the number of which is the smallest for
discretizing diffusion operator with first-order accuracy. A method for
selecting neighbor point set is proposed, which satisfies the solvability
condition of numerical derivatives. Some numerical examples are
performed to show the good performance of the proposed method.
Abstract: Multi-user interference (MUI) is the main reason of system deterioration in the Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) system. MUI increases with the number of simultaneous users, resulting into higher probability bit rate and limits the maximum number of simultaneous users. On the other hand, Phase induced intensity noise (PIIN) problem which is originated from spontaneous emission of broad band source from MUI severely limits the system performance should be addressed as well. Since the MUI is caused by the interference of simultaneous users, reducing the MUI value as small as possible is desirable. In this paper, an extensive study for the system performance specified by MUI and PIIN reducing is examined. Vectors Combinatorial (VC) codes families are adopted as a signature sequence for the performance analysis and a comparison with reported codes is performed. The results show that, when the received power increases, the PIIN noise for all the codes increases linearly. The results also show that the effect of PIIN can be minimized by increasing the code weight leads to preserve adequate signal to noise ratio over bit error probability. A comparison study between the proposed code and the existing codes such as Modified frequency hopping (MFH), Modified Quadratic- Congruence (MQC) has been carried out.
Abstract: The self-organizing map (SOM) model is a well-known neural network model with wide spread of applications. The main characteristics of SOM are two-fold, namely dimension reduction and topology preservation. Using SOM, a high-dimensional data space will be mapped to some low-dimensional space. Meanwhile, the topological relations among data will be preserved. With such characteristics, the SOM was usually applied on data clustering and visualization tasks. However, the SOM has main disadvantage of the need to know the number and structure of neurons prior to training, which are difficult to be determined. Several schemes have been proposed to tackle such deficiency. Examples are growing/expandable SOM, hierarchical SOM, and growing hierarchical SOM. These schemes could dynamically expand the map, even generate hierarchical maps, during training. Encouraging results were reported. Basically, these schemes adapt the size and structure of the map according to the distribution of training data. That is, they are data-driven or dataoriented SOM schemes. In this work, a topic-oriented SOM scheme which is suitable for document clustering and organization will be developed. The proposed SOM will automatically adapt the number as well as the structure of the map according to identified topics. Unlike other data-oriented SOMs, our approach expands the map and generates the hierarchies both according to the topics and their characteristics of the neurons. The preliminary experiments give promising result and demonstrate the plausibility of the method.
Abstract: A chord of a simple polygon P is a line segment [xy]
that intersects the boundary of P only at both endpoints x and y. A
chord of P is called an interior chord provided the interior of [xy] lies
in the interior of P. P is weakly visible from [xy] if for every point v
in P there exists a point w in [xy] such that [vw] lies in P. In this
paper star-shaped, L-convex, and convex polygons are characterized
in terms of weak visibility properties from internal chords and starshaped
subsets of P. A new Krasnoselskii-type characterization of
isothetic star-shaped polygons is also presented.
Abstract: This paper proposes a method that predicts attractive
evaluation objects. In the learning phase, the method inductively
acquires trend rules from complex sequential data. The data is
composed of two types of data. One is numerical sequential data.
Each evaluation object has respective numerical sequential data. The
other is text sequential data. Each evaluation object is described in
texts. The trend rules represent changes of numerical values related
to evaluation objects. In the prediction phase, the method applies
new text sequential data to the trend rules and evaluates which
evaluation objects are attractive. This paper verifies the effect of the
proposed method by using stock price sequences and news headline
sequences. In these sequences, each stock brand corresponds to an
evaluation object. This paper discusses validity of predicted attractive
evaluation objects, the process time of each phase, and the possibility
of application tasks.
Abstract: The field research was carried out at the Látókép AGTC KIT research area of the University of Debrecen in Eastern-Hungary, on the area of the aeolain loess of the Hajdúság. We examined the effects of the sowing time on the phytopathogenic characteristics and yield production by applying various fertilizer treatments on two different sunflower genotypes (NK Ferti, PR64H42) in 2012 and 2013. We applied three different sowing times (early, optimal, late) and two different treatment levels of fungicides (control = no fungicides applied, double fungicide protection).
During our investigations, the studied cropyears were of different sowing time optimum in terms of yield amount (2012: early, 2013: average). By Pearson’s correlation analysis, we have found that delaying the sowing time pronouncedly decreased the extent of infection in both crop years (Diaporthe: r=0.663**, r=0.681**, Sclerotinia: r=0.465**, r=0.622**). The fungicide treatment not only decreased the extent of infection, but had yield increasing effect too (2012: r=0.498**, 2013: r=0.603**). In 2012, delaying of the sowing time increased (r=0.600**), but in 2013, it decreased (r= 0.356*) the yield amount.
Abstract: In this paper, we have focused on study of swelling kinetics and salt-sensitivity behavior of a superabsorbing hydrogel based on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and acrylic acid and 2- Buthyl methacrylate. The swelling kinetics of the hydrogels with various particle sizes was preliminary investigated as well. The swelling of the hydrogel showed a second order kinetics of swelling in water. In addition, swelling measurements of the synthesized hydrogels in various chloride salt solutions was measured. Results indicated that a swelling-loss with an increase in the ionic strength of the salt solutions.
Abstract: This paper reports the three-phase (gas + liquid +
hydrate) equilibrium pressure versus temperature data for a (O3 + O2 +
CO2 + H2O) system for developing the hydrate-based technology to
preserve ozone, a chemically unstable substance, for various
industrial, medical and consumer uses. These data cover the
temperature range from 272 K to 277 K, corresponding to pressures
from 1.6 MPa to 3.1 MPa, for each of the three different (O3 +
O2)-to-CO2 or O2-to-CO2 molar ratios in the gas phase, which are
approximately 4 : 6, 5 : 5, respectively. The mole fraction of ozone in
the gas phase was ~0.03 , which are the densest ozone fraction to
artificially form O3 containing hydrate ever reported in the literature.
Based on these data, the formation of hydrate containing
high-concentration ozone, as high as 1 mass %, will be expected.
Abstract: The study of the Andaman Sea can be studied by
using the oceanic model; therefore the grid covering the study area
should be generated. This research aims to generate grid covering
the Andaman Sea, situated between longitudes 90◦E to 101◦E and
latitudes 1◦N to 18◦N. A horizontal grid is an orthogonal curvilinear
with 87 × 217 grid points. The methods used in this study are
cubic spline and bilinear interpolations. The boundary grid points
are generated by spline interpolation while the interior grid points
have to be specified by bilinear interpolation method. A vertical grid
is sigma coordinate with 15 layers of water column.
Abstract: The main aim of Supply Chain Management (SCM) is
to produce, distribute, logistics and deliver goods and equipment in
right location, right time, right amount to satisfy costumers, with
minimum time and cost waste. So implementing techniques that
reduce project time and cost, and improve productivity and
performance is very important. Emerging technologies such as the
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) are now making it possible to
automate supply chains in a real time manner and making them more
efficient than the simple supply chain of the past for tracing and
monitoring goods and products and capturing data on movements of
goods and other events. This paper considers concepts, components
and RFID technology characteristics by concentration of warehouse
and inventories management. Additionally, utilization of RFID in the
role of improving information management in supply chain is
discussed. Finally, the facts of installation and this technology-s
results in direction with warehouse and inventory management and
business development will be presented.