Abstract: In this paper the concept of the cosets of an anti Lfuzzy
normal subgroup of a group is given. Furthermore, the group
G/A of cosets of an anti L-fuzzy normal subgroup A of a group
G is shown to be isomorphic to a factor group of G in a natural
way. Finally, we prove that if f : G1 -→ G2 is an epimorphism of
groups, then there is a one-to-one order-preserving correspondence
between the anti L-fuzzy normal subgroups of G2 and those of G1
which are constant on the kernel of f.
Abstract: Software reliability, defined as the probability of a
software system or application functioning without failure or errors
over a defined period of time, has been an important area of research
for over three decades. Several research efforts aimed at developing
models to improve reliability are currently underway. One of the
most popular approaches to software reliability adopted by some of
these research efforts involves the use of operational profiles to
predict how software applications will be used. Operational profiles
are a quantification of usage patterns for a software application. The
research presented in this paper investigates an innovative multiagent
framework for automatic creation and management of
operational profiles for generic distributed systems after their release
into the market. The architecture of the proposed Operational Profile
MAS (Multi-Agent System) is presented along with detailed
descriptions of the various models arrived at following the analysis
and design phases of the proposed system. The operational profile in
this paper is extended to comprise seven different profiles. Further,
the criticality of operations is defined using a new composed metrics
in order to organize the testing process as well as to decrease the time
and cost involved in this process. A prototype implementation of the
proposed MAS is included as proof-of-concept and the framework is
considered as a step towards making distributed systems intelligent
and self-managing.
Abstract: Optimization is often a critical issue for most system
design problems. Evolutionary Algorithms are population-based,
stochastic search techniques, widely used as efficient global
optimizers. However, finding optimal solution to complex high
dimensional, multimodal problems often require highly
computationally expensive function evaluations and hence are
practically prohibitive. The Dynamic Approximate Fitness based
Hybrid EA (DAFHEA) model presented in our earlier work [14]
reduced computation time by controlled use of meta-models to
partially replace the actual function evaluation by approximate
function evaluation. However, the underlying assumption in
DAFHEA is that the training samples for the meta-model are
generated from a single uniform model. Situations like model
formation involving variable input dimensions and noisy data
certainly can not be covered by this assumption. In this paper we
present an enhanced version of DAFHEA that incorporates a
multiple-model based learning approach for the SVM approximator.
DAFHEA-II (the enhanced version of the DAFHEA framework) also
overcomes the high computational expense involved with additional
clustering requirements of the original DAFHEA framework. The
proposed framework has been tested on several benchmark functions
and the empirical results illustrate the advantages of the proposed
technique.
Abstract: The characterisation of agro-wastes fibres for composite applications from Nigeria using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) has been done. Fibres extracted from groundnut shell, coconut husk, rice husk, palm fruit bunch and palm fruit stalk are processed using two novel cellulose fibre production methods developed by the authors. Cellulose apparent crystallinity calculated using the deconvolution of the diffractometer trace shows that the amorphous portion of cellulose was permeable to hydrolysis yielding high crystallinity after treatment. All diffratograms show typical cellulose structure with well-defined 110, 200 and 040 peaks. Palm fruit fibres had the highest 200 crystalline cellulose peaks compared to others and it is an indication of rich cellulose content. Surface examination of the resulting fibres using SEM indicates the presence of regular cellulose network structure with some agglomerated laminated layer of thin leaves of cellulose microfibrils. The surfaces were relatively smooth indicating the removal of hemicellulose, lignin and pectin.
Abstract: The research aims to study the quality of surface water
for consumer in Samut Songkram province. Water sample were
collected from 217 sampling sites conclude 72 sampling sites in
Amphawa, 67 sampling sites in Bangkhonthee and 65 sampling sites
in Muang. Water sample were collected in December 2011 for
winter, March 2012 for summer and August 2012 for rainy season.
From the investigation of surface water quality in Mae Klong
River, main and tributaries canals in Samut Songkram province, we
found that water quality meet the type III of surface water quality
standard issued by the National Environmental Quality Act B.E.
1992. Seasonal variations of pH, Temperature, nitrate, lead and
cadmium have statistical differences between 3 seasons.
Abstract: Intrusion Detection Systems are increasingly a key
part of systems defense. Various approaches to Intrusion Detection
are currently being used, but they are relatively ineffective. Artificial
Intelligence plays a driving role in security services. This paper
proposes a dynamic model Intelligent Intrusion Detection System,
based on specific AI approach for intrusion detection. The
techniques that are being investigated includes neural networks and
fuzzy logic with network profiling, that uses simple data mining
techniques to process the network data. The proposed system is a
hybrid system that combines anomaly, misuse and host based
detection. Simple Fuzzy rules allow us to construct if-then rules that
reflect common ways of describing security attacks. For host based
intrusion detection we use neural-networks along with self
organizing maps. Suspicious intrusions can be traced back to its
original source path and any traffic from that particular source will
be redirected back to them in future. Both network traffic and system
audit data are used as inputs for both.
Abstract: Prior to the use of detectors, characteristics
comparison study was performed and baseline established. In patient
specific QA, the portal dosimetry mean values of area gamma,
average gamma and maximum gamma were 1.02, 0.31 and 1.31 with
standard deviation of 0.33, 0.03 and 0.14 for IMRT and the
corresponding values were 1.58, 0.48 and 1.73 with standard
deviation of 0.31, 0.06 and 0.66 for VMAT. With ImatriXX 2-D
array system, on an average 99.35% of the pixels passed the criteria
of 3%-3 mm gamma with standard deviation of 0.24 for dynamic
IMRT. For VMAT, the average value was 98.16% with a standard
deviation of 0.86. The results showed that both the systems can be
used in patient specific QA measurements for IMRT and VMAT.
The values obtained with the portal dosimetry system were found to
be relatively more consistent compared to those obtained with
ImatriXX 2-D array system.
Abstract: In this paper, multilayered coreless printed circuit
board (PCB) step-down power transformers for DC-DC converter
applications have been designed, manufactured and evaluated. A set
of two different circular spiral step-down transformers were
fabricated in the four layered PCB. These transformers have been
modelled with the assistance of high frequency equivalent circuit and
characterized with both sinusoidal and square wave excitation. This
paper provides the comparative results of these two different
transformers in terms of their resistances, self, leakage, mutual
inductances, coupling coefficient and also their energy efficiencies.
The operating regions for optimal performance of these transformers
for power transfer applications are determined. These transformers
were tested for the output power levels of about 30 Watts within the
input voltage range of 12-50 Vrms. The energy efficiency for these
step down transformers is observed to be in the range of 90%-97% in
MHz frequency region.
Abstract: Currently, the demand for marine and fisheries commodity in Yogyakarta, Indonesia continues to increase. The existing condition shows that the aquaculture supply cannot be supplied by Yogyakarta region itself, but still need to be supported by regions outside Yogyakarta. The effort to optimize the market is initiated by reviewing and designing the supply chain of production and trade of aquaculture commodity in order to create the implementation of aquaculture production and trade commodity optimally. This formulated supply chain model indicates 4 performance indicators of measurable success in terms of: (1) efficiency; (2) flexibility; (3) responsiveness; and (4) quality. These indicators had been exercised as the success benchmarks for priority marketing management in local level as well as national level. The result of this research indicates that if the catfish fishery system is managed as business as usual then the catfish demand in Yogyakarta region will experience to increase in the future. The increase of demand is inline with the increase of number of people in Yogyakarta and also the fluctuation of catfish consumption per capita. The highest production of catfish will experience in the third year approximately 30,118 tons. Other result of the research indicates that the catfish demand in Yogyakarta region cannot be supplied yet from the local region. Therefore, to fulfill the supply from outside Yogyakarta region, the local farmers should improve the supply through land extension. The fluctuation of commodity price will experience in the future annually and the catfish supply from outside Yogyakarta region will be lowering the price in the market.
Abstract: This study comprehensively simulate the use of k-ε
model for predicting flow and heat transfer with measured flow field
data in a stationary duct with elucidates on the detailed physics
encountered in the fully developed flow region, and the sharp 180°
bend region. Among the major flow features predicted with accuracy
are flow transition at the entrance of the duct, the distribution of
mean and turbulent quantities in the developing, fully developed, and
sharp 180° bend, the development of secondary flows in the duct
cross-section and the sharp 180° bend, and heat transfer
augmentation. Turbulence intensities in the sharp 180° bend are
found to reach high values and local heat transfer comparisons show
that the heat transfer augmentation shifts towards the wall and along
the duct. Therefore, understanding of the unsteady heat transfer in
sharp 180° bends is important. The design and simulation are related
to concept of fluid mechanics, heat transfer and thermodynamics.
Simulation study has been conducted on the response of turbulent
flow in a rectangular duct in order to evaluate the heat transfer rate
along the small scale multiple rectangular duct
Abstract: Load balancing is the process of improving the
performance of a parallel and distributed system through a
redistribution of load among the processors [1] [5]. In this paper we
present the performance analysis of various load balancing
algorithms based on different parameters, considering two typical
load balancing approaches static and dynamic. The analysis indicates
that static and dynamic both types of algorithm can have
advancements as well as weaknesses over each other. Deciding type
of algorithm to be implemented will be based on type of parallel
applications to solve. The main purpose of this paper is to help in
design of new algorithms in future by studying the behavior of
various existing algorithms.
Abstract: In this study, a 3D combustion chamber was simulated
using FLUENT 6.32. Aims to obtain accurate information about the
profile of the combustion in the furnace and also check the effect of
oxygen enrichment on the combustion process. Oxygen enrichment is
an effective way to reduce combustion pollutant. The flow rate of air
to fuel ratio is varied as 1.3, 3.2 and 5.1 and the oxygen enriched
flow rates are 28, 54 and 68 lit/min. Combustion simulations
typically involve the solution of the turbulent flows with heat
transfer, species transport and chemical reactions. It is common to
use the Reynolds-averaged form of the governing equation in
conjunction with a suitable turbulence model. The 3D Reynolds
Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations with standard k-ε
turbulence model are solved together by Fluent 6.3 software. First
order upwind scheme is used to model governing equations and the
SIMPLE algorithm is used as pressure velocity coupling. Species
mass fractions at the wall are assumed to have zero normal
gradients.Results show that minimum mole fraction of CO2 happens
when the flow rate ratio of air to fuel is 5.1. Additionally, in a fixed
oxygen enrichment condition, increasing the air to fuel ratio will
increase the temperature peak. As a result, oxygen-enrichment can
reduce the CO2 emission at this kind of furnace in high air to fuel
rates.
Abstract: This paper reports on the results of experimental
investigations of flash evaporation from superheated jet issues
vertically upward from a round straight nozzle of 81.3 mm diameter.
For the investigated range of jet superheat degree and velocity, it was
shown that flash evaporation enhances with initial temperature
increase. Due to the increase of jet inertia and subsequently the delay
of jet shattering, increase of jet velocity was found to result in
increase of evaporation "delay period". An empirical equation
predicts the jet evaporation completion height was developed, this
equation is thought to be useful in designing the flash evaporation
chamber. In attempts for enhancement of flash evaporation, use of
steel wire mesh located at short distance downstream was found
effective with no consequent pressure drop.
Abstract: Groundwater resources in Arsanjan plain provide
water for agriculture, industry, and human consumption. Continued
agricultural development in this area needs to additional groundwater
resources for, particularly during of drought periods, and effects on
the quantity and quality of ground water available. The purpose of
this study is to evaluate water level changes in the aquifer of
Arsanjan plain in the Fars province in order to determine the areas of
greatest depletion and the causes of depletion. In this plain, farmers
and other users are pumping groundwater faster than its natural
replenishment rate, causing a continuous drop in groundwater tables
and depletion of this resource. In this research variation of
groundwater level, their effects and ways to help control groundwater
levels in aquifer of the Arsanjan plains were evaluated .Excessive
exploitation of groundwater in this aquifer caused the groundwater
levels fall too fast or to unacceptable levels. The average drawdown
of the groundwater level in this plain were 19.66 meters during
1996 to 2003.
Abstract: The fast technology and economic growth in China has
attracted global attention in its tourism development. This study makes
an effort on investigating China-s online tourism market and the
Chinese online travelers- perceptions of hotel websites. The findings
are expected to better understand Chinese customers- online
preference and identified the differences among online travelers from
different regions in the country. Empirical findings showed online
reservation information is the most important factor to Chinese
customers, and tourists from different regions of China have
perception difference on user-friendly factor. The findings benefit
hoteliers from understanding their websites development and
formulating more appropriate online strategies to meet the
requirements of Chinese travelers.
Abstract: This paper examines the problem of designing robust H controllers for for HIV/AIDS infection system with dual drug dosages described by a Takagi-Sugeno (S) fuzzy model. Based on a linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach, we develop an H controller which guarantees the L2-gain of the mapping from the exogenous input noise to the regulated output to be less than some prescribed value for the system. A sufficient condition of the controller for this system is given in term of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). The effectiveness of the proposed controller design methodology is finally demonstrated through simulation results. It has been shown that the anti-HIV vaccines are critically important in reducing the infected cells.
Abstract: A closed-loop controlled wireless power transmission circuit block for implantable biomedical applications is described in this paper. The circuit consists of one front-end rectifier, power management sub-block including bandgap reference and low drop-out regulators (LDOs) as well as transmission power detection / feedback circuits. Simulation result shows that the front-end rectifier achieves 80% power efficiency with 750-mV single-end peak-to-peak input voltage and 1.28-V output voltage under load current of 4 mA. The power management block can supply 1.8mA average load current under 1V consuming only 12μW power, which is equivalent to 99.3% power efficiency. The wireless power transmission block described in this paper achieves a maximum power efficiency of 80%. The wireless power transmission circuit block is designed and implemented using UMC 65-nm CMOS/RF process. It occupies 1 mm × 1.2 mm silicon area.
Abstract: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(fMRI) is a
noninvasive imaging technique that measures the hemodynamic
response related to neural activity in the human brain. Event-related
functional magnetic resonance imaging (efMRI) is a form of
functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in which a series of
fMRI images are time-locked to a stimulus presentation and averaged
together over many trials. Again an event related potential (ERP) is a
measured brain response that is directly the result of a thought or
perception. Here the neuronal response of human visual cortex in
normal healthy patients have been studied. The patients were asked
to perform a visual three choice reaction task; from the relative
response of each patient corresponding neuronal activity in visual
cortex was imaged. The average number of neurons in the adult
human primary visual cortex, in each hemisphere has been estimated
at around 140 million. Statistical analysis of this experiment was
done with SPM5(Statistical Parametric Mapping version 5) software.
The result shows a robust design of imaging the neuronal activity of
human visual cortex.
Abstract: This study examines the influence of information
transparency and corporate governance on purchase directors and
officers liability (D&O) insurance decisions. The results show that
companies with greater information transparency have significant
demand for D&O insurance. Greater transparency in voluntary
disclosures is significantly and positively associated with demand for
insurance, indicating that increasing the degree of information
disclosure reduces information asymmetry for insurers, which
stimulates their willingness to provide greater protection.
Analysis of insured and uninsured subsamples indicates that
uninsured companies have superior corporate governance compared to
insured companies. Although insured companies tend to have weaker
corporate governance structures, they appoint Big 4 firms or industry
experts to compensate for the weakness of their corporate governance.
Empirical results indicate that purchasing D&O insurance can
strengthen external corporate governance and increase companies’
willingness to voluntarily provide more transparent information.
Abstract: Client expectations and preferences about therapy
represent an important area of investigation as research shows they
are linked to engagement in therapy and therapy outcomes. Studies
examining young people-s expectations and preferences of therapy
remain a neglected area of research. The present study explored what
expectations and preferences young people seeking professional help
held regarding: their role as a client, their therapist-s role, their
therapeutic outcomes, and the processes of therapy. Gender and age
differences were also examined. Participants included 188 young
people aged 12-25 who completed a survey while attending their
initial session at a youth mental health service. Data were analysed
using quantitative methods. Results found the young people held
significantly more pessimistic expectations around therapy when
compared to what they had wanted therapy to be like. Few age and
gender differences were found. Results highlight the importance of a
collaborative therapy approach when working with young people.