Abstract: Three-dimensional simulation of harmonic up
generation in free electron laser amplifier operating simultaneously
with a cold and relativistic electron beam is presented in steady-state
regime where the slippage of the electromagnetic wave with respect
to the electron beam is ignored. By using slowly varying envelope
approximation and applying the source-dependent expansion to wave
equations, electromagnetic fields are represented in terms of the
Hermit Gaussian modes which are well suited for the planar wiggler
configuration. The electron dynamics is described by the fully threedimensional
Lorentz force equation in presence of the realistic planar
magnetostatic wiggler and electromagnetic fields. A set of coupled
nonlinear first-order differential equations is derived and solved
numerically. The fundamental and third harmonic radiation of the
beam is considered. In addition to uniform beam, prebunched
electron beam has also been studied. For this effect of sinusoidal
distribution of entry times for the electron beam on the evolution of
radiation is compared with uniform distribution. It is shown that
prebunching reduces the saturation length substantially. For
efficiency enhancement the wiggler is set to decrease linearly when
the radiation of the third harmonic saturates. The optimum starting
point of tapering and the slope of radiation in the amplitude of
wiggler are found by successive run of the code.
Abstract: This paper presented a new approach for centralized
monitoring and self-protected against fiber fault in fiber-to-the-home
(FTTH) access network by using Smart Access Network Testing,
Analyzing and Database (SANTAD). SANTAD will be installed
with optical line terminal (OLT) at central office (CO) for in-service
transmission surveillance and fiber fault localization within FTTH
with point-to-multipoint (P2MP) configuration downwardly from CO
towards customer residential locations based on the graphical user
interface (GUI) processing capabilities of MATLAB software.
SANTAD is able to detect any fiber fault as well as identify the
failure location in the network system. SANTAD enable the status of
each optical network unit (ONU) connected line is displayed onto
one screen with capability to configure the attenuation and detect the
failure simultaneously. The analysis results and information will be
delivered to the field engineer for promptly actions, meanwhile the
failure line will be diverted to protection line to ensure the traffic
flow continuously. This approach has a bright prospect to improve
the survivability and reliability as well as increase the efficiency and
monitoring capabilities in FTTH.
Abstract: Ligula intestinalis is a three-host life-cycle
Pseudophyllidean Cestode which in its plerocercoid stage infests a
range of fresh water species. The objective of the present study was
the worm occurrence within planctonic copepods, fishes and
piscivorous birds and examine of parasite-hosts samples in the Lake
of Sattarkhan Dam (near the city of Ahar, East Azerbaijan, Iran).
Fish sample were collected with fyke and gill nets and the abdominal
cavity was examined for the presence of ligula. Zooplanktons were
captured using a planktonic net and occurrence of parasitic larval
form in the body cavity was determined. Piscivorous birds were
selected by telescope, they hunted and dissected for presence of
parasite eggs in their gut. Results indicated that prevalence of
infection was 16% for cyclopid copepoda and majority of infected
cyclopid were female Cyclops. Investigation of 310 fishes specimens
were indicated to infection of five species of cyprinid fishes. In
addition, results indicated to manipulation of six species of migratory
aquatic and semi aquatic birds by ligula. Obtained results are in
agreement by previous studies. Its definite in this study that all of
fishes in Sattarkhan Lake capable to infection, its important for
health because they capture by native people and it is documented
that ligula can be introduce as a zoonose. It's seemed that to prevent
from disperses of parasite and restricted of infection, biological
elimination can be effective and it's necessary to inform native
people about sanitation.
Abstract: The beneficial effects of Si are mainly associated with
its high deposition in plant tissue and enhancing their strength and
rigidity. We investigated the role of Si against cadmium stress in
(Echium C) in house green condition. When the seventh leaves was
be appeared, plants were pretreated with five levels of Si: 0, 0.2, 0.5,
0.7and 1.5 mM Si (as sodium trisilicate, Na2(SiO2)3) and after that
plants were treated with two levels of Cd (30 and 90 mM). The
effects of Silicon and Cd were investigated on some physiological
and biochemical parameters such as: lipid peroxidation
(malondialdehyde (MDA) and other aldehydes, antocyanin and
flavonoid content. Our results showed that Cd significantly increased
MDA, other aldehydes, antocyanin and flavonoids content in
Echium and silicon offset the negative effect and increased tolerance
of Echium against Cd stress. From this results we concluded that Si
increase membrane integrity and antioxidative ability in this plant
against cd stress.
Abstract: Noise has adverse effect on human health and
comfort. Noise not only cause hearing impairment, but it also acts as
a causal factor for stress and raising systolic pressure. Additionally it
can be a causal factor in work accidents, both by marking hazards
and warning signals and by impeding concentration. Industry
workers also suffer psychological and physical stress as well as
hearing loss due to industrial noise. This paper proposes an approach
to enable engineers to point out quantitatively the noisiest source for
modification, while multiple machines are operating simultaneously.
The model with the point source and spherical radiation in a free field
was adopted to formulate the problem. The procedure works very
well in ideal cases (point source and free field). However, most of the
industrial noise problems are complicated by the fact that the noise is
confined in a room. Reflections from the walls, floor, ceiling, and
equipment in a room create a reverberant sound field that alters the
sound wave characteristics from those for the free field. So the model
was validated for relatively low absorption room at NIT Kurukshetra
Central Workshop. The results of validation pointed out that the
estimated sound power of noise sources under simultaneous
conditions were on lower side, within the error limits 3.56 - 6.35 %.
Thus suggesting the use of this methodology for practical
implementation in industry. To demonstrate the application of the
above analytical procedure for estimating the sound power of noise
sources under simultaneous operating conditions, a manufacturing
facility (Railway Workshop at Yamunanagar, India) having five
sound sources (machines) on its workshop floor is considered in this
study. The findings of the case study had identified the two most
effective candidates (noise sources) for noise control in the Railway
Workshop Yamunanagar, India. The study suggests that the
modification in the design and/or replacement of these two identified
noisiest sources (machine) would be necessary so as to achieve an
effective reduction in noise levels. Further, the estimated data allows
engineers to better understand the noise situations of the workplace
and to revise the map when changes occur in noise level due to a
workplace re-layout.
Abstract: Natural gas is defined as gas obtained from a natural underground reservoir. It generally contains a large quantity of methane along with heavier hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane, isobutene, normal butane; also in the raw state it often contains a considerable amount of non hydrocarbons, such as nitrogen and the acid gases (carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide). The acid gases must be removed from natural gas before use. One of the processes witch are use in the industry to remove the acid gases from natural gas is the use of alkanolamine process. In this present paper, a simulation study for an industrial gas sweetening plant has been investigated. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of using mixing amines as solvent on the gas treatment process using the software Hysys.
Abstract: Flight management system (FMS) is a specialized
computer system that automates a wide variety of in-flight tasks,
reducing the workload on the flight crew to the point that modern
aircraft no longer carry flight engineers or navigators. The primary
function of FMS is to perform the in-flight management of the flight
plan using various sensors (such as GPS and INS often backed up by
radio navigation) to determine the aircraft's position. From the
cockpit FMS is normally controlled through a Control Display Unit
(CDU) which incorporates a small screen and keyboard or touch
screen. This paper investigates the performance of GPS/ INS
integration techniques in which the data fusion process is done using
Kalman filtering. This will include the importance of sensors
calibration as well as the alignment of the strap down inertial
navigation system. The limitations of the inertial navigation systems
are investigated in order to understand why INS sometimes is
integrated with other navigation aids and not just operating in standalone
mode. Finally, both the loosely coupled and tightly coupled
configurations are analyzed for several types of situations and
operational conditions.
Abstract: Can biometrics do what everyone is expecting it will?
And more importantly, should it be doing it? Biometrics is the
buzzword “on the mouth" of everyone, who are trying to use this
technology in a variety of applications. But all this “hype" about
biometrics can be dangerous without a careful evaluation of the real
needs of each application. In this paper I-ll try to focus on the
dangers of using the right technology at the right time in the wrong
place.
Abstract: The data is available in abundance in any business
organization. It includes the records for finance, maintenance,
inventory, progress reports etc. As the time progresses, the data keep
on accumulating and the challenge is to extract the information from
this data bank. Knowledge discovery from these large and complex
databases is the key problem of this era. Data mining and machine
learning techniques are needed which can scale to the size of the
problems and can be customized to the application of business. For
the development of accurate and required information for particular
problem, business analyst needs to develop multidimensional models
which give the reliable information so that they can take right
decision for particular problem. If the multidimensional model does
not possess the advance features, the accuracy cannot be expected.
The present work involves the development of a Multidimensional
data model incorporating advance features. The criterion of
computation is based on the data precision and to include slowly
change time dimension. The final results are displayed in graphical
form.
Abstract: The motivation of this work was to find a suitable 3D
scanner for human body parts digitalization in the field of prosthetics
and orthotics. The main project objective is to compare the three
hand-held portable scanners (two optical and one laser) and two
optical tripod scanners. The comparison was made with respect of
scanning detail, simplicity of operation and ability to scan directly on
the human body. Testing was carried out on a plaster cast of the
upper limb and directly on a few volunteers. The objective monitored
parameters were time of digitizing and post-processing of 3D data
and resulting visual data quality. Subjectively, it was considered level
of usage and handling of the scanner. The new tripod was developed
to improve the face scanning conditions. The results provide an
overview of the suitability of different types of scanners.
Abstract: Automatic Extraction of Event information from
social text stream (emails, social network sites, blogs etc) is a vital
requirement for many applications like Event Planning and
Management systems and security applications. The key information
components needed from Event related text are Event title, location,
participants, date and time. Emails have very unique distinctions over
other social text streams from the perspective of layout and format
and conversation style and are the most commonly used
communication channel for broadcasting and planning events.
Therefore we have chosen emails as our dataset. In our work, we
have employed two statistical NLP methods, named as Finite State
Machines (FSM) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) for the
extraction of event related contextual information. An application
has been developed providing a comparison among the two methods
over the event extraction task. It comprises of two modules, one for
each method, and works for both bulk as well as direct user input.
The results are evaluated using Precision, Recall and F-Score.
Experiments show that both methods produce high performance and
accuracy, however HMM was good enough over Title extraction and
FSM proved to be better for Venue, Date, and time.
Abstract: In this work, the precipitation of asphaltene from a Malaysian light oil reservoir was studies. A series of experiments were designed and carried out to examine the effect of CO2 injection on asphaltene precipitation. Different pressures of injections were used in Dynamic flooding experiment in order to investigate the effect of pressure versus injection pore volume of CO2. These dynamic displacement tests simulate reservoir condition. Results show that by increasing the pore volume of injected gas asphaltene precipitation will increases, also rise in injection pressure causes less precipitation. Sandstone core plug was used to represent reservoir formation during displacement test; therefore it made it possible to study the effect of present of asphaltene on formation. It is found out that the precipitated asphaltene can reduce permeability and porosity which is not favorable during oil production.
Abstract: Unified Modeling Language (UML) extensions for real time embedded systems (RTES) co-design, are taking a growing interest by a great number of industrial and research communities. The extension mechanism is provided by UML profiles for RTES. It aims at improving an easily-understood method of system design for non-experts. On the other hand, one of the key items of the co- design methods is the Hardware/Software partitioning and scheduling tasks. Indeed, it is mandatory to define where and when tasks are implemented and run. Unfortunately the main goals of co-design are not included in the usual practice of UML profiles. So, there exists a need for mapping used models to an execution platform for both schedulability test and HW/SW partitioning. In the present work, test schedulability and design space exploration are performed at an early stage. The proposed approach adopts Model Driven Engineering MDE. It starts from UML specification annotated with the recent profile for the Modeling and Analysis of Real Time Embedded systems MARTE. Following refinement strategy, transformation rules allow to find a feasible schedule that satisfies timing constraints and to define where tasks will be implemented. The overall approach is experimented for the design of a football player robot application.
Abstract: In this experimental work, we have shown that the
geometric shape of the grooves (furrows) plays an important role in
sediment dynamics. In addition, the rheological behaviour of solid
discharge does not depend only on the velocity discharge but also on
the geometric shape.
Abstract: A kinetic model for propane dehydrogenation in an
industrial moving bed reactor is developed based on the reported
reaction scheme. The kinetic parameters and activity constant are
fine tuned with several sets of balanced plant data. Plant data at
different operating conditions is applied to validate the model and
the results show a good agreement between the model
predictions and plant observations in terms of the amount of main
product, propylene produced. The simulation analysis of key
variables such as inlet temperature of each reactor (Tinrx) and
hydrogen to total hydrocarbon ratio (H2/THC) affecting process
performance is performed to identify the operating condition to
maximize the production of propylene. Within the range of operating
conditions applied in the present studies, the operating condition to
maximize the propylene production at the same weighted average
inlet temperature (WAIT) is ΔTinrx1= -2, ΔTinrx2= +1, ΔTinrx3= +1 ,
ΔTinrx4= +2 and ΔH2/THC= -0.02. Under this condition, the surplus
propylene produced is 7.07 tons/day as compared with base case.
Abstract: The possibilities of mobile technology generate new
demands for vocational teacher trainers to transform their approach
to work and to incorporate its usage into their ordinary educational
practice. This paper presents findings of a focus discussion group
(FDG) session on the usage of iPads within a school of vocational
teacher education (SoVTE). It aims to clarify how the teacher
trainers are using iPads and what has changed in their work during
the usage of iPads. The analytical framework bases on content
analysis and expansive learning cycle. It was not only found what
kind of a role iPads played in their daily practices but it brought also
into attention how a cultural change regarding the usage of social
media and mobile technology was desperately needed in the whole
work community. Thus, the FGD was abducted for developing the
knowledge practices of the community of the SoVTE.
Abstract: We successfully developed a new straw combustion
technology that efficiently reduces problems with unmanageable deposits inside straw fueled boilers in Zluticka Heating Plant. The
deposits are mainly created by glass-forming melts. We plotted straw compositions in K2O-CaO-SiO2 phase diagram and illustrated
they are in the area of low-melting eutectic poi
melting of ash and the formation of deposits
compositions by injecting additives into biomass fuel
ueled points. To prevent the
deposits, we modified ash
fuel.
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate regional soil Borkhar of
the metals Lead has been made. In this field study fires visits to the
regions. The limit of this study located in the East refineries,
petrochemical and power plant to 20 km was selected. The 41 soil
samples from depths of 0 to 10 cm in area and were randomized. Soil
samples were transported to the laboratory and by air was dry and
passed through 2-mil thickness sieve. In the laboratory of physical
and chemical characteristics and concentrations of total absorption
was measured. The results showed that the amount of lead in soil in
many parts of the range higher than the standard limit. Survey maps
show that the lead spatial distribution of the region does not special
pattern.
Abstract: This paper aims to establish a delayed dynamical relationship between payoffs of players in a zero-sum game. By introducing Markovian chain and time delay in the network model, a delayed game network model with sector bounds and slope bounds restriction nonlinear function is first proposed. As a result, a direct dynamical relationship between payoffs of players in a zero-sum game can be illustrated through a delayed singular system. Combined with Finsler-s Lemma and Lyapunov stable theory, a sufficient condition guaranteeing the unique existence and stability of zero-sum game-s Nash equilibrium is derived. One numerical example is presented to illustrate the validity of the main result.
Abstract: The objective of this research is to study plant layout
of iron manufacturing based on the systematic layout planning
pattern theory (SLP) for increased productivity. In this case study,
amount of equipments and tools in iron production are studied. The
detailed study of the plant layout such as operation process chart,
flow of material and activity relationship chart has been investigated.
The new plant layout has been designed and compared with the
present plant layout. The SLP method showed that new plant layout
significantly decrease the distance of material flow from billet
cutting process until keeping in ware house.