Abstract: During the last decade Panicum virgatum, known as
Switchgrass, has been broadly studied because of its remarkable
attributes as a substitute pasture and as a functional biofuel source.
The objective of this investigation was to establish soil suitability for
Switchgrass in the State of Mississippi. A linear weighted additive
model was developed to forecast soil suitability. Multicriteria
analysis and Sensitivity analysis were utilized to adjust and optimize
the model. The model was fit using seven years of field data
associated with soils characteristics collected from Natural Resources
Conservation System - United States Department of Agriculture
(NRCS-USDA). The best model was selected by correlating
calculated biomass yield with each model's soils-based output for
Switchgrass suitability. Coefficient of determination (r2) was the
decisive factor used to establish the 'best' soil suitability model.
Coefficients associated with the 'best' model were implemented
within a Geographic Information System (GIS) to create a map of
relative soil suitability for Switchgrass in Mississippi. A Geodatabase
associated with soil parameters was built and is available for future
Geographic Information System use.
Abstract: This paper proposes method of diagnosing ball screw
preload loss through the Hilbert-Huang Transform （HHT） and
Multiscale entropy （MSE） process. The proposed method can
diagnose ball screw preload loss through vibration signals when the
machine tool is in operation. Maximum dynamic preload of 2 %, 4 %,
and 6 % ball screws were predesigned, manufactured, and tested
experimentally. Signal patterns are discussed and revealed using
Empirical Mode Decomposition（EMD）with the Hilbert Spectrum.
Different preload features are extracted and discriminated using HHT.
The irregularity development of a ball screw with preload loss is
determined and abstracted using MSE based on complexity
perception. Experiment results show that the proposed method can
predict the status of ball screw preload loss. Smart sensing for the
health of the ball screw is also possible based on a comparative
evaluation of MSE by the signal processing and pattern matching of
EMD/HHT. This diagnosis method realizes the purposes of prognostic
effectiveness on knowing the preload loss and utilizing convenience.
Abstract: Starting from the basic pillars of the supportability
analysis this paper queries its characteristics in LCI (Life Cycle
Integration) environment. The research methodology contents a
review of modern logistics engineering literature with the objective to
collect and synthesize the knowledge relating to standards of
supportability design in e-logistics environment. The results show
that LCI framework has properties which are in fully compatibility
with the requirement of simultaneous logistics support and productservice
bundle design. The proposed approach is a contribution to the
more comprehensive and efficient supportability design process.
Also, contributions are reflected through a greater consistency of
collected data, automated creation of reports suitable for different
analysis, as well as the possibility of their customization according
with customer needs. In addition to this, convenience of this approach
is its practical use in real time. In a broader sense, LCI allows
integration of enterprises on a worldwide basis facilitating electronic
business.
Abstract: This paper presents an assessment study conducted
among the distance learners in India. Open and distance learning
systems have traveled a long way since its inception and its journey
has witnessed the evolution and adoption of different generations of
technology. This study focuses on the distant learners in India.
Sampling for this study has been derived from the mass enrollment
from Tamil Nadu area, a southern state of India. Learners were
chosen from dual mode universities, private universities, Tamil Nadu
Open University and IGNOU. The main focus of the study is to
examine the coverage and appropriation of students support services
and learning aids. It explores two aspects: the facilities available and
the awareness and use of such services. It includes, self-learning
materials, face-to-face counseling, multimedia learning materials,
website, e-learning, radio and television services etc. While exploring
the student-s perspective on these learning aspects, it is important to
understand the perspectives of the teachers. Two different interests
are visible among the teachers. Majority of the teachers support faceto-
face counseling. However, the young teachers are in favour of
online learning and multimedia supports in teaching. Through the
awareness is somewhat high, the actual participation in online is very
low. This is due to the inadequate infrastructure as well as the
traditional attitudes of the teachers. Still the face-to-face sessions
remain popular than online.
Abstract: With the prevalence of computer and development of information technology, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have long used for a variety of applications in electrical engineering. GIS are designed to support the analysis, management, manipulation and mapping of spatial data. This paper presents several usages of GIS in power utilities such as automated route selection for the construction of new power lines which uses a dynamic programming model for route optimization, load forecasting and optimizing planning of substation-s location and capacity with comprehensive algorithm which involves an accurate small-area electric load forecasting procedure and simulates the different cost functions of substations.
Abstract: The contribution deals with current or potential approaches to the modeling and optimization of tactical activities. This issue takes on importance in recent times, particularly with the increasing trend of digitized battlefield, the development of C4ISR systems and intention to streamline the command and control process at the lowest levels of command. From fundamental and philosophically point of view, this new approaches seek to significantly upgrade and enhance the decision-making process of the tactical commanders.
Abstract: This paper presents the automated methods employed
for extracting craniofacial landmarks in white light images as part of
a registration framework designed to support three neurosurgical
procedures. The intraoperative space is characterised by white light
stereo imaging while the preoperative plan is performed on CT scans.
The registration aims at aligning these two modalities to provide a
calibrated environment to enable image-guided solutions. The
neurosurgical procedures can then be carried out by mapping the
entry and target points from CT space onto the patient-s space. The
registration basis adopted consists of natural landmarks (eye corner
and ear tragus). A 5mm accuracy is deemed sufficient for these three
procedures and the validity of the selected registration basis in
achieving this accuracy has been assessed by simulation studies. The
registration protocol is briefly described, followed by a presentation
of the automated techniques developed for the extraction of the
craniofacial features and results obtained from tests on the AR and
FERET databases. Since the three targeted neurosurgical procedures
are routinely used for head injury management, the effect of
bruised/swollen faces on the automated algorithms is assessed. A
user-interactive method is proposed to deal with such unpredictable
circumstances.
Abstract: Intelligent schools are those which use IT devices and
technologies as media software, hardware and networks to improve
learning process. On the other hand Strategic management is a field
that deals with the major intended and emergent initiatives taken by
general managers on behalf of owners, involving utilization of resources, to enhance the performance of firms in their external environments. Here, we present a model Strategic Management System that has been applied on some schools and have made strict
improvement.
Abstract: With the proliferation of Weblogs (blogs) use in
educational contexts, gaining a better understanding of why
students are willing to utilize blog systems has become an
important topic for practitioners and academics. While perceived
enjoyment has been found to have a significant influence on
behavioral intentions to use blogs or hedonic systems, few studies
have investigated the antecedents of perceived enjoyment in the
acceptance of blogging. The main purpose of the present study is to
explore the individual difference antecedents of perceived
enjoyment and examine how they influence behavioral intention to
blog through the mediation of perceived enjoyment. Based on the
previous literature, the Big Five personality traits (i.e.,
extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and
openness to experience), as well as computer self-efficacy and
personal innovation in information technology (PIIT), are
hypothesized as potential antecedents of perceived enjoyment in
the acceptance of blogging. Data collected from 358 respondents in
Taiwan are tested against the research model using the structural
equation modeling approach. The results indicate that extraversion,
agreeableness, conscientiousness, and PIIT have a significant
influence on perceived enjoyment, which in turn significantly
influences the behavioral intention to blog. These findings lead to
several important implications for future research.
Abstract: The relationship between different types of Molybdenum disulfide greases under extreme pressure loading and different speed situations have been studied using Design of Experiment (DOE) under 1200rpm steady state rotational speed and cyclic frequencies between 2400 and 1200rpm using a Plint machine software to set up the different rotational speed situations.
Research described here is aimed at providing good friction and wear performance while optimizing cyclic frequencies and MoS2 concentration due to the recent concern about grease behavior in extreme pressure applications. Extreme load of 785 Newton was used in conjunction with different cyclic frequencies (2400rpm -3.75min, 1200rpm -7.5min, 2400rpm -3.75min, 1200rpm -7.5min), to examine lithium based grease with and without MoS2 for equal number of revolutions, and a total run of 36000 revolutions; then compared to 1200rpm steady speed for the same total number of revolutions. 4 Ball wear tester was utilized to run large number of experiments randomly selected by the DOE software. The grease was combined with fine grade MoS2 or technical grade then heated to 750C and the wear scar width was collected at the end of each test. DOE model validation results verify that the data were very significant and can be applied to a wide range of extreme pressure applications. Based on simulation results and Scanning Electron images (SEM), it has been found that wear was largely dependent on the cyclic frequency condition. It is believed that technical grade MoS2 greases under faster cyclic speeds perform better and provides antiwear film that can resist extreme pressure loadings. Figures showed reduced wear scars width and improved frictional values.
Abstract: The governing differential equations of laminated
plate utilizing trigonometric shear deformation theory are derived
using energy approach. The governing differential equations
discretized by different radial basis functions are used to predict the
free vibration behavior of symmetric laminated composite plates.
Effect of orthotropy and span to thickness ratio on frequency
parameter of simply supported laminated plate is presented.
Numerical results show the accuracy and good convergence of radial
basis functions.
Abstract: Optical network uses a tool for routing called Latin
router. These routers use particular algorithms for routing. For
example, we can refer to LDF algorithm that uses backtracking (one
of CSP methods) for problem solving. In this paper, we proposed
new approached for completion routing table (DRA&CRA
algorithm) and compare with pervious proposed ways and showed
numbers of backtracking, blocking and run time for DRA algorithm
less than LDF and CRA algorithm.
Abstract: Recent research has shown that milk proteins can
yield bioactive peptides with opioid, mineral binding,
cytomodulatory, antihypertensive, immunostimulating, antimicrobial
and antioxidative activity in the human body. Bioactive peptides are
encrypted in milk proteins and are only released by enzymatic
hydrolysis in vivo during gastrointestinal digestion, food processing
or by microbial enzymes in fermented products. At present
significant research is being undertaken on the health effects of
bioactive peptides. A variety of naturally formed bioactive peptides
have been found in fermented dairy products, such as yoghurt, sour
milk and cheese. In particular, antihypertensive peptides have been
identified in fermented milks, whey and ripened cheese. Some of
these peptides have been commercialized in the form of fermented
milks. Bioactive peptides have the potential to be used in the
formulation of health-enhancing nutraceuticals, and as potent drugs
with well defined pharmacological effects.
Abstract: Tehran, one of the heavily-populated capitals, is
severely suffering from increasing air pollution. To show a
documented trend of such pollutants during last years, plane tree
species (Platanus orientalis) were suited to be studied as indicators,
for the species have been planted throughout the city many years
ago. Two areas (Saadatabad and Narmak districts) allotting different
contents of crowed and highly-traffic routs but the same ecological
characteristics were selected. Twelve sample individuals were cored
twice perpendicularly in each area. Tree-rings of each core were
measured by a binocular microscope and separated annually for the
last 25 years. Two heavy metals including Cd and Pb accompanied
by a mineral element (Ca) were analyzed using Hatch method. Treerings
analysis of the two areas showed different groups in term of
physiologically ability as the growths were plunged during the last
10 years in Saadatabad district and showed a slight decrease in the
same period for another studying area. In direct contrast to
decreasing growth trend in Saadatabad, all three mentioned elements
increased sharply during last 25 years in the same area. When it came
to Narmak district, the trend was completely different with
Saadatabad. There were some fluctuations in absorbing trace
elements like tree-rings widths were, yet calcium showed an upward
trend all the last 25 years. The results of the study proved the
possibility of using tree species of each region to monitor its air
pollution trends of the past, hence to depict a pollution assessment of
a populated city for last years and then to make appropriate decisions
for the future as it is well-known what the trend is. On the other
hand, risen values of calcium (as the stress-indicator element)
accompanied by increased trace elements suggests non-sustainable
state of the trees.
Abstract: This paper proposes a neural network weights and
topology optimization using genetic evolution and the
backpropagation training algorithm. The proposed crossover and
mutation operators aims to adapt the networks architectures and
weights during the evolution process. Through a specific inheritance
procedure, the weights are transmitted from the parents to their
offsprings, which allows re-exploitation of the already trained
networks and hence the acceleration of the global convergence of the
algorithm. In the preprocessing phase, a new feature extraction
method is proposed based on Legendre moments with the Maximum
entropy principle MEP as a selection criterion. This allows a global
search space reduction in the design of the networks. The proposed
method has been applied and tested on the well known MNIST
database of handwritten digits.
Abstract: Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of mobile
nodes communicating through wireless channels without any
existing network infrastructure or centralized administration.
Because of the limited transmission range of wireless network
interfaces, multiple "hops" may be needed to exchange data
across the network. Consequently, many routing algorithms
have come into existence to satisfy the needs of
communications in such networks. Researchers have
conducted many simulations comparing the performance of
these routing protocols under various conditions and
constraints. One question that arises is whether speed of nodes
affects the relative performance of routing protocols being
studied. This paper addresses the question by simulating two
routing protocols AODV and DSDV. Protocols were
simulated using the ns-2 and were compared in terms of
packet delivery fraction, normalized routing load and average
delay, while varying number of nodes, and speed.
Abstract: A two-dimensional thin-walled capsule of a flexible
semi-permeable membrane is adhered onto a rigid planar substrate
under adhesive forces (derived from a potential function) in the
presence of osmosis across the membrane. The capsule is immersed
in a hypotonic and diluted binary solution of a non-electrolyte
solute. The Stokes flow problem is solved by the immersed interface
method (IIM) with equal viscosities for the enclosed and
surrounding fluid of the capsule. The numerical results obtained are
verified against two simplified theoretical solutions and the
agreements are good. The osmotic inflation of the adhered capsule is
studied as a function of the solute concentration field, hydraulic
conductivity, and the initial capsule shape. Our findings indicate that
the contact length shrinks in dimension as capsule inflates in the
hypotonic medium, and the equilibrium contact length does not
depend on the hydraulic conductivity of the membrane and the
initial shape of the capsule.
Abstract: The main objective of this work is to compare the
quality of service of the bus companies operating in the city of Rio
Branco, located in the state of Acre with the quality of service of the
bus companies operating in the city of Campos, situated in the state
of Rio de Janeiro, both cities in Brazil. This comparison, based on the
opinion of the bus users, will determine their degree of satisfaction
with the service available in both cities. The outcome of this
evaluation shows the users unhappy with the quality of the service
provided by the bus companies operating in both cities and the need
to identify alternative solutions that may minimize the consequences
caused by the main problems detected in this work. With these
alternatives available, the bus companies will be able to better
understand the needs of their customers in terms of manpower,
service cost, time schedule, etc.
Abstract: Computational simulation of steam flow and heat transfer in power plant condensers on the basis of the threedimensional mathematical model for the flow through porous media is presented. In order to solve the mathematical model of steam flow and heat transfer in power plant condensers, the Streamline Upwind Petrov-Galerkin finite element method is applied. By comparison of the results of simulation with experimental results about an experimental condenser, it is confirmed that SUPG finite element method can be successfully applied for solving the three-dimensional mathematical model of steam flow and heat transfer in power plant condensers.
Abstract: In order to apply partially filled steel grid composite deck as the horizontal supporting structure of various kinds of infrastructures, the variation of its flexural strength according to design parameters such as cross and longitudinal bars constituting the steel grid and the type of shear connection is evaluated and compared experimentally. The result shows that the design sensitivity of the deck to the spacing of the cross bars is insignificant in the case of structure with low risk of punching failure or without load distribution problem. By means of shear connection composed by transverse rebar and longitudinal bar without additional shear stud bolts, the complete interaction between steel grid and concrete slab is able to be achieved and the composite deck can develop its bending resistance capacity.