The Effects of Speed on the Performance of Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks
Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of mobile
nodes communicating through wireless channels without any
existing network infrastructure or centralized administration.
Because of the limited transmission range of wireless network
interfaces, multiple "hops" may be needed to exchange data
across the network. Consequently, many routing algorithms
have come into existence to satisfy the needs of
communications in such networks. Researchers have
conducted many simulations comparing the performance of
these routing protocols under various conditions and
constraints. One question that arises is whether speed of nodes
affects the relative performance of routing protocols being
studied. This paper addresses the question by simulating two
routing protocols AODV and DSDV. Protocols were
simulated using the ns-2 and were compared in terms of
packet delivery fraction, normalized routing load and average
delay, while varying number of nodes, and speed.
[1] E. M. Royer and C. K. Toh, "A review of current routing protocols for
ad hoc mobile wireless networks," IEEE Personal Communications
magazine, April 1999, pp. 46-55.
[2] C. E. Perkins and P. Bhagwat, "Highly Dynamic Destination-Sequenced
Distance-Vector Routing (DSDV) for Mobile Computers," in
Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 1994, August 1994, pp. 234-244.
[3] S. Murhty and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, "An Efficient Routing
Protocol for Wireless Networks," ACM Mobile Networks and
Applications Journal, Special Issue on Routing in Mobile
Communication Networks, Vol. 1, no. 2, October 1996, pp. 183-197.
[4] C. C. Chiang, H. K. Wu, W. Liu and M. Gerla, "Routing in Clustered
Multi-Hop Mobile Wireless Networks with Fading Channel," in
Proceedings of IEEE SICON 1997, April 1997, pp. 197-211.
[5] J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves and M. Spohn, "Source-Tree Routing in
Wireless Networks," in Proceedings of IEEE ICNP 1999, October 1999,
pp. 273-282.
[6] D. B. Johnson and D. A. Malta, "Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc
Wireless Networks," Mobile Computing, Kluwer Academic Publishers,
vol. 353, 1996, pp. 153-181.
[7] C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer, "Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector
Routing," Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing
Systems and Applications 1999, February 1999, pp. 90-100.
[8] V. D. Park and M. S. Corson, "A Highly Adaptive Distributed Routing
Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Networks," in Proceedings of IEEE
INFOCOM 1997, April 1997, pp. 1405-1413.
[9] Y. Ko and N. H. Vaidya, "Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in Mobile Ad
Hoc Networks," in Proceedings of ACM MOBICOM 1998, October
1998, pp. 66-75.
[10] C. K. Toh, "Associativity-Based Routing for Ad Hoc Mobile Networks,"
Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 4, no. 2, March 1997, pp. 1-36.
[11] P. Sinha, R. Shivkumar and V. Bharghavan, "CEDAR: A Core
Extraction Distributed Ad Hoc Routing Algorithm," IEEE Journal on
Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 17, no. 8, August 1999, pp.
1454-1466.
[12] Z. J. Haas, "The Routing Algorithm for the Reconfigurable Wireless
Networks," in Proceedings of ICUPC 1997, vol. 2, October 1997, pp.
562-566.
[13] R. S. Sisodia, B. S. Manoj and C. Siva Ram Murthy, "A Preferred Link-
Based Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks," Journal of
Communications and Networks, vol. 4, no. 1, march 2002, pp. 14-21.
[14] Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Computer Networks. Fourth Edition, Prentice
Hall, ch. 5, pp. 357-360.
[15] Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Computer Networks. Fourth Edition, Prentice
Hall, ch. 5, pp. 360-366.
[16] J. Broch, D. A. Maltz, D. Johnson, Y. C. Hu and J. Jetcheva, "A
Performance Comparison of Multi-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Network
Routing Protocols," in Proceedings of ACM/IEEE MOBICOM 1998,
October 1998, pp. 85-97.
[17] S. R. Das, C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer, "Performance Comparison of
Two On-Demand Routing Protocols for Ad Hoc Networks," in
Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM 2000, March 2000, pp. 3-12.
[18] P. Johansson, T. Larsson, N. Hedman, B. Mielczarek and M. Degermark,
"Scenario-based Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols for Mobile
Ad-hoc Networks," in Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE MOBICOM 1999,
August 1999, pp.195-206.
[19] S. R. Das, R. Cestaneda, J. Yan and R. Sengupta, "Comparative
performance evaluation of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc
networks," in proceedings of the IC3N 1998, October 1998, pp. 153-
161.
[20] K. Fall and K. Vardhan, The Network Simulator (ns-2). Available:
http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns
[21] T. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications, Principles & Practices.
Prentice Hall, 1996, ch. 3, pp. 70-74.
[1] E. M. Royer and C. K. Toh, "A review of current routing protocols for
ad hoc mobile wireless networks," IEEE Personal Communications
magazine, April 1999, pp. 46-55.
[2] C. E. Perkins and P. Bhagwat, "Highly Dynamic Destination-Sequenced
Distance-Vector Routing (DSDV) for Mobile Computers," in
Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 1994, August 1994, pp. 234-244.
[3] S. Murhty and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, "An Efficient Routing
Protocol for Wireless Networks," ACM Mobile Networks and
Applications Journal, Special Issue on Routing in Mobile
Communication Networks, Vol. 1, no. 2, October 1996, pp. 183-197.
[4] C. C. Chiang, H. K. Wu, W. Liu and M. Gerla, "Routing in Clustered
Multi-Hop Mobile Wireless Networks with Fading Channel," in
Proceedings of IEEE SICON 1997, April 1997, pp. 197-211.
[5] J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves and M. Spohn, "Source-Tree Routing in
Wireless Networks," in Proceedings of IEEE ICNP 1999, October 1999,
pp. 273-282.
[6] D. B. Johnson and D. A. Malta, "Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc
Wireless Networks," Mobile Computing, Kluwer Academic Publishers,
vol. 353, 1996, pp. 153-181.
[7] C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer, "Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector
Routing," Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing
Systems and Applications 1999, February 1999, pp. 90-100.
[8] V. D. Park and M. S. Corson, "A Highly Adaptive Distributed Routing
Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Networks," in Proceedings of IEEE
INFOCOM 1997, April 1997, pp. 1405-1413.
[9] Y. Ko and N. H. Vaidya, "Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in Mobile Ad
Hoc Networks," in Proceedings of ACM MOBICOM 1998, October
1998, pp. 66-75.
[10] C. K. Toh, "Associativity-Based Routing for Ad Hoc Mobile Networks,"
Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 4, no. 2, March 1997, pp. 1-36.
[11] P. Sinha, R. Shivkumar and V. Bharghavan, "CEDAR: A Core
Extraction Distributed Ad Hoc Routing Algorithm," IEEE Journal on
Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 17, no. 8, August 1999, pp.
1454-1466.
[12] Z. J. Haas, "The Routing Algorithm for the Reconfigurable Wireless
Networks," in Proceedings of ICUPC 1997, vol. 2, October 1997, pp.
562-566.
[13] R. S. Sisodia, B. S. Manoj and C. Siva Ram Murthy, "A Preferred Link-
Based Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks," Journal of
Communications and Networks, vol. 4, no. 1, march 2002, pp. 14-21.
[14] Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Computer Networks. Fourth Edition, Prentice
Hall, ch. 5, pp. 357-360.
[15] Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Computer Networks. Fourth Edition, Prentice
Hall, ch. 5, pp. 360-366.
[16] J. Broch, D. A. Maltz, D. Johnson, Y. C. Hu and J. Jetcheva, "A
Performance Comparison of Multi-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Network
Routing Protocols," in Proceedings of ACM/IEEE MOBICOM 1998,
October 1998, pp. 85-97.
[17] S. R. Das, C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer, "Performance Comparison of
Two On-Demand Routing Protocols for Ad Hoc Networks," in
Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM 2000, March 2000, pp. 3-12.
[18] P. Johansson, T. Larsson, N. Hedman, B. Mielczarek and M. Degermark,
"Scenario-based Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols for Mobile
Ad-hoc Networks," in Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE MOBICOM 1999,
August 1999, pp.195-206.
[19] S. R. Das, R. Cestaneda, J. Yan and R. Sengupta, "Comparative
performance evaluation of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc
networks," in proceedings of the IC3N 1998, October 1998, pp. 153-
161.
[20] K. Fall and K. Vardhan, The Network Simulator (ns-2). Available:
http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns
[21] T. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications, Principles & Practices.
Prentice Hall, 1996, ch. 3, pp. 70-74.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:62943", author = "Narendra Singh Yadav and R.P.Yadav", title = "The Effects of Speed on the Performance of Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks", abstract = "Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of mobile
nodes communicating through wireless channels without any
existing network infrastructure or centralized administration.
Because of the limited transmission range of wireless network
interfaces, multiple "hops" may be needed to exchange data
across the network. Consequently, many routing algorithms
have come into existence to satisfy the needs of
communications in such networks. Researchers have
conducted many simulations comparing the performance of
these routing protocols under various conditions and
constraints. One question that arises is whether speed of nodes
affects the relative performance of routing protocols being
studied. This paper addresses the question by simulating two
routing protocols AODV and DSDV. Protocols were
simulated using the ns-2 and were compared in terms of
packet delivery fraction, normalized routing load and average
delay, while varying number of nodes, and speed.", keywords = "AODV, DSDV, MANET, relative performance", volume = "1", number = "9", pages = "1394-6", }
