Abstract: In this paper, a post processing scheme is suggested
for improvement of Bit Error-Rate (BER) in optical fiber
transmission receivers. The developed scheme has been tested on
optical fiber systems operating with a non-return-to-zero (NRZ)
format at transmission rates of up to 10Gbps. The transmission
system considered is based on well known transmitters and receivers
blocks operating at wavelengths in the region of 1550 nm using a
standard single mode fiber. Performance of improved detected
signals has been evaluated via the analysis of quality factor and
computed bit error rates. Numerical simulations have shown a
noticeable improvement of the system BER after implementation of
the suggested post processing operation on the detected electrical
signals.
Abstract: Character segmentation is an important preprocessing
step for text recognition. In degraded documents, existence of
touching characters decreases recognition rate drastically, for any
optical character recognition (OCR) system. In this paper we have
proposed a complete solution for segmenting touching characters in
all the three zones of printed Gurmukhi script. A study of touching
Gurmukhi characters is carried out and these characters have been
divided into various categories after a careful analysis. Structural
properties of the Gurmukhi characters are used for defining the
categories. New algorithms have been proposed to segment the
touching characters in middle zone, upper zone and lower zone.
These algorithms have shown a reasonable improvement in
segmenting the touching characters in degraded printed Gurmukhi
script. The algorithms proposed in this paper are applicable only to
machine printed text. We have also discussed a new and useful
technique to segment the horizontally overlapping lines.
Abstract: In this paper, we discuss convergence of the extrapolated iterative methods for linear systems with the coefficient matrices are singular H-matrices. And we present the sufficient and necessary conditions for convergence of the extrapolated iterative methods. Moreover, we apply the results to the GMAOR methods. Finally, we give one numerical example.
Abstract: The paper presents the virtual model of the active
suspension system used for improving the dynamic behavior of a
motor vehicle. The study is focused on the design of the control
system, the purpose being to minimize the effect of the road
disturbances (which are considered as perturbations for the control
system). The analysis is performed for a quarter-car model, which
corresponds to the suspension system of the front wheel, by using the
DFC (Design for Control) software solution EASY5 (Engineering
Analysis Systems) of MSC Software. The controller, which is a PIDbased
device, is designed through a parametric optimization with the
Matrix Algebra Tool (MAT), considering the gain factors as design
variables, while the design objective is to minimize the overshoot of
the indicial response.
Abstract: In this paper smooth trajectories are computed in the Lie group SO(2, 1) as a motion planning problem by assigning a Frenet frame to the rigid body system to optimize the cost function of the elastic energy which is spent to track a timelike curve in Minkowski space. A method is proposed to solve a motion planning problem that minimize the integral of the square norm of Darboux vector of a timelike curve. This method uses the coordinate free Maximum Principle of Optimal control and results in the theory of integrable Hamiltonian systems. The presence of several conversed quantities inherent in these Hamiltonian systems aids in the explicit computation of the rigid body motions.
Abstract: The emergence of person-centred discourse based
around notions of 'personal development planning- and 'work'life
balance' has taken hold in education and the workplace in recent
years. This paper examines this discourse with regard to recent
developments in higher education as well as the inter-related issue of
work-life balance in occupational careers. In both cases there have
been national and trans-national policy initiatives directed towards
improving both personal opportunities and competitive advantage in
a global knowledge-based economy. However, despite an increasing
concern with looking outward at this globalised educational and
employment marketplace, there is something of a paradox in
encouraging people to look inward at themselves in order to become
more self-determined. This apparent paradox is considered from a
discourse analytic perspective in terms of the ideological effects of an
increasing concern with the personal world. Specifically, it is argued
that there are tensions that emerge from a concern with an innerdirected
process of self-reflection that dissolve any engagement with
wider political issues that impact upon educational and career
development.
Abstract: Due to important issues, such as deadlock, starvation,
communication, non-deterministic behavior and synchronization,
concurrent systems are very complex, sensitive, and error-prone.
Thus ensuring reliability and accuracy of these systems is very
essential. Therefore, there has been a big interest in the formal
specification of concurrent programs in recent years. Nevertheless,
some features of concurrent systems, such as dynamic process
creation, scheduling and starvation have not been specified formally
yet. Also, some other features have been specified partially and/or
have been described using a combination of several different
formalisms and methods whose integration needs too much effort. In
other words, a comprehensive and integrated specification that could
cover all aspects of concurrent systems has not been provided yet.
Thus, this paper makes two major contributions: firstly, it provides a
comprehensive formal framework to specify all well-known features
of concurrent systems. Secondly, it provides an integrated
specification of these features by using just a single formal notation,
i.e., the Z language.
Abstract: The main purpose of this research was to study how to communicate the identity of the Bangpoo, Samu tPrakan province for ecotourism. The qualitative data was collected through studying related materials, exploring the area, in-depth interviews with three groups of people: three directly responsible officers who were key informants of the district, twenty foreign tourists and five Thai tourist guides. A content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The two main findings of the study were as follows:
The identity of Bangpoo, Samut Prakan province. This establishment was near the Mouth of the Gulf of Thailand for normal people and tourists, consisting of rest accommodations. There are restaurants where food and drinks are served, rich mangrove forests, Banpoo seaside resort and mangrove trees. Bangpoo seaside resort is characterized by muddy beacheswhere the greatest number of seagulls can be seen from March to May each year.
The communication of the identity of Bangpoo, Samut Prakan province which the researcher could find and design to present in English materials can be summed up in 3 items: 1) The history of Bangpoo, Samut Prakan province 2) The Learning center of Ecotourism: Seagulls and Mangrove forest 3) How to keep Banpoo, Samut Prakran province for ecotourism.
Abstract: On a such wide-area environment as a Grid, data
placement is an important aspect of distributed database systems. In
this paper, we address the problem of initial placement of database
no-replicated fragments in Grid architecture. We propose a graph
based approach that considers resource restrictions. The goal is to
optimize the use of computing, storage and communication
resources. The proposed approach is developed in two phases: in the
first phase, we perform fragment grouping using knowledge about
fragments dependency and, in the second phase, we determine an
efficient placement of the fragment groups on the Grid. We also
show, via experimental analysis that our approach gives solutions
that are close to being optimal for different databases and Grid
configurations.
Abstract: Key management represents a major and the most
sensitive part of cryptographic systems. It includes key generation,
key distribution, key storage, and key deletion. It is also considered
the hardest part of cryptography. Designing secure cryptographic
algorithms is hard, and keeping the keys secret is much harder.
Cryptanalysts usually attack both symmetric and public key
cryptosystems through their key management. We introduce a
protocol to exchange cipher keys over insecure communication
channel. This protocol is based on public key cryptosystem,
especially elliptic curve cryptosystem. Meanwhile, it tests the cipher
keys and selects only the good keys and rejects the weak one.
Abstract: Artificial Neural Network (ANN)s are best suited for
prediction and optimization problems. Trained ANNs have found
wide spread acceptance in several antenna design systems. Four
parameters namely antenna radiation resistance, loss resistance, efficiency,
and inductance can be used to design an antenna layout though
there are several other parameters available. An ANN can be trained
to provide the best and worst case precisions of an antenna design
problem defined by these four parameters. This work describes the
use of an ANN to generate the four mentioned parameters for a loop
antenna for the specified frequency range. It also provides insights
to the prediction of best and worst-case design problems observed
in applications and thereby formulate a model for physical layout
design of a loop antenna.
Abstract: Within the new world order, the term “crisis" is nowadays familiar to companies. Organizations are experiencing conditions which are surprising, uncertain, often adverse and usually unstable. The companies, who grasp the importance of transformation within the information age, have felt the need to develop modern methods to achieve the ability to thrive despite severe shocks. Through strategically managing human resource and developing appropriate elements of human resource system, companies can be assured for resolving the crisis. In this paper the role of HR system on resolving crisis has been evaluated. To help accomplish this, an insight on previous strategic HRM literature and an introduction to the elements and relationship within HR systems has been presented. It also reviews different attitude around resilience in literature. It continues by reviewing three elements central to developing an organization-s capacity for crisis resolving and it will demonstrate how designing proper elements of HR system can lead the organizations to possess the ability for passing through crisis. Finally it will evaluate an Iranian Insurance organization in case of one of the three central elements (specific cognitive ability) and observe how successful they were on developing an effective HR system to be ready for facing crisis.
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to remove and recover Ni, Cu and Fe from a mixed metal system using sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent and nickel powder as seeding material. The metal systems studied consisted of Ni-Cu, Ni-Fe and Ni-Cu-Fe solutions. A 5 L batch reactor was used to conduct experiments where 100 mg/l of each respective metal was used. It was found that the metals were reduced to their elemental form with removal efficiencies of over 80%. The removal efficiency decreased in the order Fe>Ni>Cu. The metal powder obtained contained between 97-99% Ni and was almost spherical and porous. Size enlargement by aggregation was the dominant particulate process.
Abstract: Responses of the dynamical systems are highly affected by the natural frequencies and it has a huge impact on design and operation of high-rise and high-speed elevators. In the present paper, the variational iteration method (VIM) is employed to investigate better understanding the dynamics of elevator cable as a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) swing system. Comparisons made among the results of the proposed closed-form analytical solution, the traditional numerical iterative time integration solution, and the linearized governing equations confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach. Furthermore, based on the results of the proposed closed-form solution, the linearization errors in calculating the natural frequencies in different cases are discussed.
Abstract: A preliminary evaluation of the urban land system is
presented in the article together with the instruments of land policy in
Serbia. The main reason for the analysis is demand for
definition of reform framework for urban land management in
Serbia in the period of transition towards market-led system. It
is concluded that due to the limitations of the current regulation it
will be impossible in the future to apply market principles in the
urban land policy (supply and demand of land, land capitalization,
investment efficiency, et al.). Based on the estimation that the urban
land system and land policy are key factors of competitiveness
between regions and towns in Serbia, it is necessary to initiate
changes in this field. There are indicated on an option of privatization
of urban public land and possible establishment of leasehold land. A
comparative analysis of the possibilities of the reform urban land
system in Serbia has been carried out in relation to two approaches of
market systems: (a) with dominant private ownership of urban land
(neo/liberal approach) and (b) with dominant public ownership of
urban land (system of leasehold)whose findings can be a basis for
further study of the new system in Serbia.. The attanied results are
part of studies matter for the making of Strategy of territorial
development of Serbia.
Abstract: Increasing demand on the performance of Subsea
Production Systems (SPS) suggests a need for more detailed
investigation of fluid behavior taking place in subsea equipment.
Complete CFD cool down analyses of subsea equipment are very
time demanding. The objective of this paper is to investigate a
Locked CFD approach, which enables significant reduction of the
computational time and at the same time maintains sufficient
accuracy during thermal cool down simulations. The result
comparison of a dead leg simulation using the Full CFD and the three
LCFD-methods confirms the validity of the locked flow field
assumption for the selected case. For the tested case the LCFD
simulation speed up by factor of 200 results in the absolute thermal
error of 0.5 °C (3% relative error), speed up by factor of 10 keeps the
LCFD results within 0.1 °C (0.5 % relative error) comparing to the
Full CFD.
Abstract: In this paper, a new approach for quality assessment
tasks in lossy compressed digital video is proposed. The research
activity is based on the visual fixation data recorded by an eye
tracker. The method involved both a new paradigm for subjective
quality evaluation and the subsequent statistical analysis to match
subjective scores provided by the observer to the data obtained from
the eye tracker experiments. The study brings improvements to the
state of the art, as it solves some problems highlighted in literature.
The experiments prove that data obtained from an eye tracker can be
used to classify videos according to the level of impairment due to
compression. The paper presents the methodology, the experimental
results and their interpretation. Conclusions suggest that the eye
tracker can be useful in quality assessment, if data are collected and
analyzed in a proper way.
Abstract: Renewable and non-renewable resource constraints have been vast studied in theoretical fields of project scheduling problems. However, although cumulative resources are widespread in practical cases, the literature on project scheduling problems subject to these resources is scant. So in order to study this type of resources more, in this paper we use the framework of a resource constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) with finish-start precedence relations between activities and subject to the cumulative resources in addition to the renewable resources. We develop a branch and bound algorithm for this problem customizing precedence tree algorithm of RCPSP. We perform extensive experimental analysis on the algorithm to check its effectiveness and performance for solving different instances of the problem in question.
Abstract: With the development of technology, the growing
trend of fast and safe passenger transport, air pollution, traffic
congestion, increase in problems such as the increasing population
and the high cost of private vehicle usage made many cities around
the world with a population of more or less, start to build rail systems
as a means of urban transport in order to ensure the economic and
environmental sustainability and more efficient use of land in the
city. The implementation phase of rail systems costs much more than
other public transport systems. However, social and economic returns
in the long term made these systems the most popular investment tool
for planned and developing cities.
In our country, the purpose, goals and policies of transportation
plans are away from integrity, and the problems are not clearly
detected. Also, not defined and incomplete assessment of
transportation systems and insufficient financial analysis are the most
important cause of failure. Rail systems and other transportation
systems to be addressed as a whole is seen as the main factor in
increasing efficiency in applications that are not integrated yet in our
country to come to this point has led to the problem.
Abstract: In this paper, a neural network tuned fuzzy controller
is proposed for controlling Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO)
systems. For the convenience of analysis, the structure of MIMO
fuzzy controller is divided into single input single-output (SISO)
controllers for controlling each degree of freedom. Secondly,
according to the characteristics of the system-s dynamics coupling, an
appropriate coupling fuzzy controller is incorporated to improve the
performance. The simulation analysis on a two-level mass–spring
MIMO vibration system is carried out and results show the
effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy controller. The performance
though improved, the computational time and memory used is
comparatively higher, because it has four fuzzy reasoning blocks and
number may increase in case of other MIMO system. Then a fuzzy
neural network is designed from a set of input-output training data to
reduce the computing burden during implementation. This control
strategy can not only simplify the implementation problem of fuzzy
control, but also reduce computational time and consume less
memory.