Abstract: One major difficulty that faces developers of
concurrent and distributed software is analysis for concurrency based
faults like deadlocks. Petri nets are used extensively in the
verification of correctness of concurrent programs. ECATNets are a
category of algebraic Petri nets based on a sound combination of
algebraic abstract types and high-level Petri nets. ECATNets have
'sound' and 'complete' semantics because of their integration in
rewriting logic and its programming language Maude. Rewriting
logic is considered as one of very powerful logics in terms of
description, verification and programming of concurrent systems We
proposed previously a method for translating Ada-95 tasking
programs to ECATNets formalism (Ada-ECATNet) and we showed
that ECATNets formalism provides a more compact translation for
Ada programs compared to the other approaches based on simple
Petri nets or Colored Petri nets. We showed also previously how the
ECATNet formalism offers to Ada many validation and verification
tools like simulation, Model Checking, accessibility analysis and
static analysis. In this paper, we describe the implementation of our
translation of the Ada programs into ECATNets.
Abstract: Environmental contamination is a common problem in ex-industrial and industrial sites. This article gives a brief description of general applied environmental investigation methodologies and possible remediation applications in Latvia. Most of contaminated areas are situated in former and active industrial, military areas and ports. Industrial and logistic activities very often have been with great impact for more than hundred years thus the contamination level with heavy metals, hydrocarbons, pesticides, persistent organic pollutants is high and is threatening health and environment in general. 242 territories now are numbered as contaminated and fixed in the National Register of contaminated territories in Latvia. Research and remediation of contamination in densely populated areas are of important environmental policy domain. Four different investigation case studies of contaminated areas are given describing the history of use, environmental quality assessment as well as planned environmental management actions. All four case study locations are situated in Riga - the capital of the Republic of Latvia. The aim of this paper is to analyze the situation and problems with management of contaminated areas in Latvia, give description of field research methods and recommendations for remediation industry based on scientific data and innovations.
Abstract: Electronic nose (array of chemical sensors) are widely
used in food industry and pollution control. Also it could be used to
locate or detect the direction of the source of emission odors. Usually
this task is performed by electronic nose (ENose) cooperated with
mobile vehicles, but when a source is instantaneous or surrounding is
hard for vehicles to reach, problem occurs. Thus a method for
stationary ENose to detect the direction of the source and locate the
source will be required. A novel method which uses the ratio between
the responses of different sensors as a discriminant to determine the
direction of source in natural wind surroundings is presented in this
paper. The result shows that the method is accurate and easily to be
implemented. This method could be also used in movably, as an
optimized algorithm for robot tracking source location.
Abstract: Robust nonlinear integrated navigation of GPS and
low cost MEMS is a hot topic of research these days. A robust filter
is required to cope up with the problem of unpredictable
discontinuities and colored noises associated with low cost sensors.
H∞ filter is previously used in Extended Kalman filter and Unscented
Kalman filter frame. Unscented Kalman filter has a problem of
Cholesky matrix factorization at each step which is a very unstable
operation. To avoid this problem in this research H∞ filter is
designed in Square root Unscented filter framework and found 50%
more robust towards increased level of colored noises.
Abstract: The paper presents the design of a mini-UAV attitude
controller using the backstepping method. Starting from the nonlinear
dynamic equations of the mini-UAV, by using the backstepping
method, the author of this paper obtained the expressions of the
elevator, rudder and aileron deflections, which stabilize the UAV, at
each moment, to the desired values of the attitude angles. The attitude
controller controls the attitude angles, the angular rates, the angular
accelerations and other variables that describe the UAV longitudinal
and lateral motions. To design the nonlinear controller, by using the
backstepping technique, the nonlinear equations and the Lyapunov
analysis have been directly used. The designed controller has been
implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment and its effectiveness
has been tested with a campaign of numerical simulations using data
from the UAV flight tests. The obtained results are very good and
they are better than the ones found in previous works.
Abstract: The overriding goal of software engineering is to
provide a high quality system, application or a product. To achieve
this goal, software engineers must apply effective methods coupled
with modern tools within the context of a mature software process
[2]. In addition, it is also must to assure that high quality is realized.
Although many quality measures can be collected at the project
levels, the important measures are errors and defects. Deriving a
quality measure for reusable components has proven to be
challenging task now a days. The results obtained from the study are
based on the empirical evidence of reuse practices, as emerged from
the analysis of industrial projects. Both large and small companies,
working in a variety of business domains, and using object-oriented
and procedural development approaches contributed towards this
study. This paper proposes a quality metric that provides benefit at
both project and process level, namely defect removal efficiency
(DRE).
Abstract: Conventional industrial monitoring systems are
tedious, inefficient and the at times integrity of the data is
unreliable. The objective of this system is to monitor industrial
processes specifically the fluid level which will measure the
instantaneous fluid level parameter and respond by text
messaging the exact value of the parameter to the user when
being enquired by a privileged access user. The development of
the embedded program code and the circuit for fluid level
measuring are discussed as well. Suggestions for future
implementations and efficient remote monitoring works are
included.
Abstract: In this paper we present the modeling, design, and
experimental testing of a nerve cuff multi-electrode system for
diameter-selective vagus nerve stimulation.
The multi-electrode system contained ninety-nine platinum
electrodes embedded within a self-curling spiral silicone sheet. The
electrodes were organized in a matrix having nine parallel groups,
each containing eleven electrodes.
Preliminary testing of the nerve cuff was performed in an isolated
segment of a swinish left cervical vagus nerve. For selective vagus
nerve stimulation, precisely defined current quasitrapezoidal,
asymmetric and biphasic stimulating pulses were applied to
preselected locations along the left vagus segment via appointed
group of three electrodes within the cuff. Selective stimulation was
obtained by anodal block. However, these pulses may not be safe for
a long-term application because of a frequently used high imbalance
between the cathodic and anodic part of the stimulating pulse.
Preliminary results show that the cuff was capable of exciting A
and B-fibres, and, that for a certain range of parameters used in
stimulating pulses, the contribution of A-fibres to the CAP was
slightly reduced and the contribution of B-fibres was slightly larger.
Results also showed that measured CAPs are not greatly
influenced by the imbalance between a charge Qc injected in cathodic
and Qa in anodic phase of quasitrapezoidal, asymmetric and biphasic
pulses.
Abstract: This paper describes the development of a WLAN
propagation model, using Spectral Analyzer measurements. The
signal is generated by two Access Points (APs) on the base floor at
the administrative Communication School of ESPOL building. In
general, users do not have a Q&S reference about a wireless network;
however, this depends on the level signal as a function of frequency,
distance and other path conditions between receiver and transmitter.
Then, power density of the signal decrease as it propagates through
space and data transfer rate is affected. This document evaluates and
implements empirical mathematical formulation for the
characterization of WLAN radio wave propagation on two aisles of
the building base floor.
Abstract: Subdivision surfaces were applied to the entire
meshes in order to produce smooth surfaces refinement from coarse
mesh. Several schemes had been introduced in this area to provide a
set of rules to converge smooth surfaces. However, to compute and
render all the vertices are really inconvenient in terms of memory
consumption and runtime during the subdivision process. It will lead
to a heavy computational load especially at a higher level of
subdivision. Adaptive subdivision is a method that subdivides only at
certain areas of the meshes while the rest were maintained less
polygons. Although adaptive subdivision occurs at the selected areas,
the quality of produced surfaces which is their smoothness can be
preserved similar as well as regular subdivision. Nevertheless,
adaptive subdivision process burdened from two causes; calculations
need to be done to define areas that are required to be subdivided and
to remove cracks created from the subdivision depth difference
between the selected and unselected areas. Unfortunately, the result
of adaptive subdivision when it reaches to the higher level of
subdivision, it still brings the problem with memory consumption.
This research brings to iterative process of adaptive subdivision to
improve the previous adaptive method that will reduce memory
consumption applied on triangular mesh. The result of this iterative
process was acceptable better in memory and appearance in order to
produce fewer polygons while it preserves smooth surfaces.
Abstract: In this article, the authors reviewed and analyzed the survey materials similarities ornament proto-Turkic and northern Indians. The study examined the materials scientists - geneticists, archaeologists, anthropologists. Numerous studies of scientists from different directions once again prove the relevance of the topic. The authors approached the subject from an artistic side. The study authors have made the appropriate conclusions. This publication is based on the proceedings of the investigation.
Abstract: An algorithm for estimating the disparity of objects of
interest is proposed. This algorithm uses image shifting and
overlapping area to estimate the disparity value; thereby depth of the
objects of interest can be obtained. The algorithm is able to perform
at different levels of accuracy. However, as the accuracy increases
the processing speed decreases. The algorithm is tested with static
stereo images and sequence of stereo images. The experimental
results are presented in this paper.
Abstract: At present, the tendency to implement the conditionbased
maintenance (CBM), which allows the optimization of the
expenses for equipment monitoring, is more and more evident; also,
the transformer substations with remote monitoring are increasingly
used. This paper reviews all the advantages of the on-line monitoring
and presents an equipment for on-line monitoring of bushings, which
is the own contribution of specialists who are the authors of this
paper. The paper presents a study of the temperature field, using the
finite element method. For carrying out this study, the 3D modelling
of the above mentioned bushing was performed. The analysis study is
done taking into account the extreme thermal stresses, focusing at the
level of the first cooling wing section of the ceramic insulator. This
fact enables to justify the tanδ variation in time, depending on the
transformer loading and the environmental conditions. With a view
to reducing the variation of dielectric losses in bushing insulation, the
use of ferrofuids instead of mineral oils is proposed.
Abstract: The quality of a machined surface is becoming more and more important to justify the increasing demands of sophisticated component performance, longevity, and reliability. Usually, any machining operation leaves its own characteristic evidence on the machined surface in the form of finely spaced micro irregularities (surface roughness) left by the associated indeterministic characteristics of the different elements of the system: tool-machineworkpart- cutting parameters. However, one of the most influential sources in machining affecting surface roughness is the instantaneous state of tool edge. The main objective of the current work is to relate the in-process immeasurable cutting edge deformation and surface roughness to a more reliable easy-to-measure force signals using a robust non-linear time-dependent modeling regression techniques. Time-dependent modeling is beneficial when modern machining systems, such as adaptive control techniques are considered, where the state of the machined surface and the health of the cutting edge are monitored, assessed and controlled online using realtime information provided by the variability encountered in the measured force signals. Correlation between wear propagation and roughness variation is developed throughout the different edge lifetimes. The surface roughness is further evaluated in the light of the variation in both the static and the dynamic force signals. Consistent correlation is found between surface roughness variation and tool wear progress within its initial and constant regions. At the first few seconds of cutting, expected and well known trend of the effect of the cutting parameters is observed. Surface roughness is positively influenced by the level of the feed rate and negatively by the cutting speed. As cutting continues, roughness is affected, to different extents, by the rather localized wear modes either on the tool nose or on its flank areas. Moreover, it seems that roughness varies as wear attitude transfers from one mode to another and, in general, it is shown that it is improved as wear increases but with possible corresponding workpart dimensional inaccuracy. The dynamic force signals are found reasonably sensitive to simulate either the progressive or the random modes of tool edge deformation. While the frictional force components, feeding and radial, are found informative regarding progressive wear modes, the vertical (power) components is found more representative carrier to system instability resulting from the edge-s random deformation.
Abstract: Enterprise Wide Information Systems (EWIS)
implementation involves the entire business and will require changes
throughout the firm. Because of the scope, complexity and
continuous nature of ERP, the project-based approach to managing
the implementation process resulted in failure rates of between 60%
and 80%. In recent years ERP systems have received much attention.
The organizational relevance and risk of ERP projects make it
important for organizations to focus on ways to make ERP
implementation successful. Once these systems are in place,
however, their performance depends on the identified macro
variables viz. 'Business Process', 'Decision Making' and 'Individual
/ Group working'. The questionnaire was designed and administered.
The responses from 92 organizations were compiled. The
relationship of these variables with EWIS performance is analyzed
using inferential statistical measurements. The study helps to
understand the performance of model presented. The study suggested
in keeping away from the calamities and thereby giving the
necessary competitive edge. Whenever some discrepancy is
identified during the process of performance appraisal care has to be
taken to draft necessary preventive measures. If all these measures
are taken care off then the EWIS performance will definitely deliver
the results.
Abstract: There is a growing body of evidence to support the
proposition of product take back for remanufacturing particularly
within the context of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR).
Remanufacturing however presents challenges unlike that of
traditional manufacturing environments due to its high levels of
uncertainty which may further distract organizations from
considering its potential benefits. This paper presents a novel
modeling approach for evaluating the uncertainty of part failures
within the remanufacturing process and its impact on economic and
environmental performance measures. This paper presents both the
theoretical modeling approach and an example of its use in
application.
Abstract: Nurses in an Armed Force Hospital (AFH) expose to stronger stress than those in a civil hospital, especially in an emergency department (ED). Ironically, stresses of these nurses received few if any attention in academic research in the past. This study collects 227 samples from the emergency departments of four armed force hospitals in central and southern Taiwan. The research indicates that the top five stressors are a massive casualty event, delayed physician support, overloads of routine work, overloads of assignments, and annoying paper work. Excessive work loading was found to be the primary source of stress. Nurses who were perceived to have greater stress levels were more inclined to deploy emotion-oriented approaches and more likely to seek job rotations. Professional stressors and problem-oriented approaches were positively correlated. Unlike other local studies, this study concludes that the excessive work-loading is more stressful in an AFH.
Abstract: Extracellular ubiquitin in vivo effect on regenerative liver cells and liver histoarchitectonics has been studied. Experiments were performed on mature female white rats. Partial hepatectomy was made using the modified method of Higgins and Anderson. Standard histopathological assessment of liver tissue was used. Proliferative activity of hepatocytes was analyzed by colchicine mitotic index and immunohistochemical staining on ki67. We have found that regardless of number of injections and dose of extracellular ubiquitin liver histology has not been changed, so at tissue level no effect was observed. In vivo double injection of ubiquitin significantly decreases the mitotic activity at 32 hour point after partial hepatectomy. Thus, we can conclude that in vivo injected extracellular ubiquitin inhibits proliferative activity of hepatocytes in partially hepatectomyzed rats.
Abstract: In this paper we propose an enhanced equalization technique for multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA). This method is based on the control of Equal Gain Combining (EGC) technique. Indeed, we introduce a new level changer to the EGC equalizer in order to adapt the equalization parameters to the channel coefficients. The optimal equalization level is, first, determined by channel training. The new approach reduces drastically the mutliuser interferences caused by interferes, without increasing the noise power. To compare the performances of the proposed equalizer, the theoretical analysis and numerical performances are given.
Abstract: Data mining is an extraordinarily demanding field referring to extraction of implicit knowledge and relationships, which are not explicitly stored in databases. A wide variety of methods of data mining have been introduced (classification, characterization, generalization...). Each one of these methods includes more than algorithm. A system of data mining implies different user categories,, which mean that the user-s behavior must be a component of the system. The problem at this level is to know which algorithm of which method to employ for an exploratory end, which one for a decisional end, and how can they collaborate and communicate. Agent paradigm presents a new way of conception and realizing of data mining system. The purpose is to combine different algorithms of data mining to prepare elements for decision-makers, benefiting from the possibilities offered by the multi-agent systems. In this paper the agent framework for data mining is introduced, and its overall architecture and functionality are presented. The validation is made on spatial data. Principal results will be presented.