Abstract: A method of collecting composition data and examining structural features of pearlite lamellae and the parent austenite at the growth interface in a 13wt. % manganese steel has been demonstrated with the use of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM). The combination of composition data and the structural features observed at the growth interface show that available theories of pearlite growth cannot explain all the observations.
Abstract: This paper focuses on systematic analysis and
controller design of the two-inertia STABILIZATION system,
considering the angular motion on a base body. This approach is
essential to the stabilization system to aim at a target under three or six
degrees of freedom base motion. Four controllers, such as
conventional PDF(Pseudo-Derivative Feedback) controller with
motor speed feedback, PDF controller with load speed feedback,
modified PDF controller with motor-load speed feedback and
feedforward controller added to modified PDF controller, are
suggested to improve reference tracking and disturbance rejection
performance. Characteristics and performance of each controller are
analyzed and validated by simulation in the case of the modified PDF
controller with and without a feedforward controller.
Abstract: A novel feature selection strategy to improve the recognition accuracy on the faces that are affected due to nonuniform illumination, partial occlusions and varying expressions is proposed in this paper. This technique is applicable especially in scenarios where the possibility of obtaining a reliable intra-class probability distribution is minimal due to fewer numbers of training samples. Phase congruency features in an image are defined as the points where the Fourier components of that image are maximally inphase. These features are invariant to brightness and contrast of the image under consideration. This property allows to achieve the goal of lighting invariant face recognition. Phase congruency maps of the training samples are generated and a novel modular feature selection strategy is implemented. Smaller sub regions from a predefined neighborhood within the phase congruency images of the training samples are merged to obtain a large set of features. These features are arranged in the order of increasing distance between the sub regions involved in merging. The assumption behind the proposed implementation of the region merging and arrangement strategy is that, local dependencies among the pixels are more important than global dependencies. The obtained feature sets are then arranged in the decreasing order of discriminating capability using a criterion function, which is the ratio of the between class variance to the within class variance of the sample set, in the PCA domain. The results indicate high improvement in the classification performance compared to baseline algorithms.
Abstract: There has been considerable growth in the issue of
food & beverage safety in Thailand. This is important because the
level of satisfaction in food & beverage safety has impacts on travel
decision made by foreign tourists. Therefore, this paper was aimed to
test if there is any significant gender effect in the level of satisfaction
of food & beverage safety made by foreign tourists in Thailand. In
addition, this paper utilized the Chi Square test of independent to test
if there was an association between gender and sickness because of
food and if there was an association between gender and the
perception of food safety standard. During January to June, 2012, a
total of 400 foreign tourist respondents, 200 male as well as 200
female foreign tourists, were interviewed at the departure lounge at
Suvarnabhumi airport, Thailand. The findings revealed the
astonishing result that there was no significant effect of gender. Also,
there was no significant difference in the association between gender
and being sick because of food as well as the association between
gender and the perception on the standard of food safety during their
trip in Thailand.
Abstract: Our goal is to effectively increase the number of boats in the river during a six month period. The main factors of determining the number of boats are duration and “select the priority trip". In the microcosmic simulation model, the best result is 4 to 24 nights with DSCF, and the number of boats is 812 with an increasing ratio of 9.0% related to the second best result. However, the number of boats is related to 31.6% less than the best one in 6 to 18 nights with FCFS. In the discrete duration model, we get from 6 to 18 nights, the numbers of boats have increased to 848 with an increase ratio of 29.7% than the best result in model I for the same time range. Moreover, from 4 to 24 nights, the numbers of boats have increase to 1194 with an increase ratio of 47.0% than the best result in model I for the same time range.
Abstract: In this paper we study the inverse eigenvalue problem for symmetric special matrices and introduce sufficient conditions for obtaining nonnegative matrices. We get the HROU algorithm from [1] and introduce some extension of this algorithm. If we have some eigenvectors and associated eigenvalues of a matrix, then by this extension we can find the symmetric matrix that its eigenvalue and eigenvectors are given. At last we study the special cases and get some remarkable results.
Abstract: P2P Networks are highly dynamic structures since
their nodes – peer users keep joining and leaving continuously. In the
paper, we study the effects of network change rates on query routing
efficiency. First we describe some background and an abstract system
model. The chosen routing technique makes use of cached metadata
from previous answer messages and also employs a mechanism for
broken path detection and metadata maintenance. Several metrics are
used to show that the protocol behaves quite well even with high rate
of node departures, but above a certain threshold it literally breaks
down and exhibits considerable efficiency degradation.
Abstract: Bio-electrical responses obtained from freshwater
sediments by employing microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology were
investigated in this experimental study. During the electricity
generation, organic matter in the sediment was microbially oxidized
under anaerobic conditions with an electrode serving as a terminal
electron acceptor. It was found that the sediment organic matter
(SOM) associated with electrochemically-active electrodes became
more humified, aromatic, and polydispersed, and had a higher average
molecular weight, together with the decrease in the quantity of SOM.
The alteration of characteristics of the SOM was analogous to that
commonly observed in the early stage of SOM diagenetic process (i.e.,
humification). These findings including an elevation of the sediment
redox potential present a possibility of the MFC technology as a new
soil/sediment remediation technique based on its potential benefits:
non-destructive electricity generation and bioremediation.
Abstract: The purpose of this work is to present the potential of
solar energy in Zarqa region. The solar radiation along year 2009 was
obtained from Pyranometer which measures the global radiation over
horizontal surfaces. Solar data in several different forms, over period
of 5 minutes, hour-by-hour, daily and monthly data radiation have
been presented. Briefly, the yearly global solar radiation in Zarqa is
7297.5 MJ/m2 (2027 kWh/m²) and the average annual solar radiation
per day is 20 MJ/m2 (5.5 Kwh/m2). More specifically, the average
annual solar radiation per day is 12.9 MJ/m2 (3.57 Kwh/m2) in winter
and 25 MJ/m2 (7 Kwh/m2) in summer.
Abstract: Although the field of parametric Pattern Recognition (PR) has been thoroughly studied for over five decades, the use of the Order Statistics (OS) of the distributions to achieve this has not been reported. The pioneering work on using OS for classification was presented in [1] for the Uniform distribution, where it was shown that optimal PR can be achieved in a counter-intuitive manner, diametrically opposed to the Bayesian paradigm, i.e., by comparing the testing sample to a few samples distant from the mean. This must be contrasted with the Bayesian paradigm in which, if we are allowed to compare the testing sample with only a single point in the feature space from each class, the optimal strategy would be to achieve this based on the (Mahalanobis) distance from the corresponding central points, for example, the means. In [2], we showed that the results could be extended for a few symmetric distributions within the exponential family. In this paper, we attempt to extend these results significantly by considering asymmetric distributions within the exponential family, for some of which even the closed form expressions of the cumulative distribution functions are not available. These distributions include the Rayleigh, Gamma and certain Beta distributions. As in [1] and [2], the new scheme, referred to as Classification by Moments of Order Statistics (CMOS), attains an accuracy very close to the optimal Bayes’ bound, as has been shown both theoretically and by rigorous experimental testing.
Abstract: The information on the Web increases tremendously.
A number of search engines have been developed for searching Web
information and retrieving relevant documents that satisfy the
inquirers needs. Search engines provide inquirers irrelevant
documents among search results, since the search is text-based rather
than semantic-based. Information retrieval research area has
presented a number of approaches and methodologies such as
profiling, feedback, query modification, human-computer interaction,
etc for improving search results. Moreover, information retrieval has
employed artificial intelligence techniques and strategies such as
machine learning heuristics, tuning mechanisms, user and system
vocabularies, logical theory, etc for capturing user's preferences and
using them for guiding the search based on the semantic analysis
rather than syntactic analysis. Although a valuable improvement has
been recorded on search results, the survey has shown that still
search engines users are not really satisfied with their search results.
Using ontologies for semantic-based searching is likely the key
solution. Adopting profiling approach and using ontology base
characteristics, this work proposes a strategy for finding the exact
meaning of the query terms in order to retrieve relevant information
according to user needs. The evaluation of conducted experiments
has shown the effectiveness of the suggested methodology and
conclusion is presented.
Abstract: The very nonlinear nature of the generator and system
behaviour following a severe disturbance precludes the use of
classical linear control technique. In this paper, a new approach of
nonlinear control is proposed for transient and steady state stability
analysis of a synchronous generator. The control law of the generator
excitation is derived from the basis of Lyapunov stability criterion.
The overall stability of the system is shown using Lyapunov
technique. The application of the proposed controller to simulated
generator excitation control under a large sudden fault and wide
range of operating conditions demonstrates that the new control
strategy is superior to conventional automatic voltage regulator
(AVR), and show very promising results.
Abstract: Several researchers have proposed methods about
combination of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Fuzzy Logic (the use of
GA to obtain fuzzy rules and application of fuzzy logic in
optimization of GA). In this paper, we suggest a new method in
which fuzzy decision making is used to improve the performance of
genetic algorithm. In the suggested method, we determine the alleles
that enhance the fitness of chromosomes and try to insert them to the
next generation.
In this algorithm we try to present an innovative vaccination in the
process of reproduction in genetic algorithm, with considering the
trade off between exploration and exploitation.
Abstract: Business Process Management (BPM) helps in optimizing the business processes inside an enterprise. But BPM architecture does not provide any help for extending the enterprise. Modern business environments and rapidly changing technologies are asking for brisk changes in the business processes. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) can help in enabling the success of enterprise-wide BPM. SOA supports agility in software development that is directly related to achieve loose coupling of interacting software agents. Agility is a premium concern of the current software designing architectures. Together, BPM and SOA provide a perfect combination for enterprise computing. SOA provides the capabilities for services to be combined together and to support and create an agile, flexible enterprise. But there are still many questions to answer; BPM is better or SOA? and what is the future track of BPM and SOA? This paper tries to answer some of these important questions.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to present a
comparative study of Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM),
Variational Iteration Method (VIM) and Homotopy Analysis
Method (HAM) for the semi analytical solution of Kortweg-de
Vries (KdV) type equation called KdV. The study have been
highlighted the efficiency and capability of aforementioned methods
in solving these nonlinear problems which has been arisen from a
number of important physical phenomenon.
Abstract: Due to adverse pressure gradient along the diverging
walls of wide-angled diffusers, the attached flow separates from
one wall and remains attached permanently to the other wall in a
process called stalling. Stalled diffusers render the whole fluid flow
system, in which they are part of, very inefficient. There is then an
engineering need to try to understand the whole process of diffuser
stall if any meaningful attempts to improve on diffuser efficiency
are to be made. In this regard, this paper provides a data bank
contribution for the mean flow-field in wide-angled diffusers where
the complete velocity and static pressure fields, and pressure recovery
data for diffusers in the fully stalled flow regime are experimentally
measured. The measurements were carried out at Reynolds numbers
between 1.07×105 and 2.14×105 based on inlet hydraulic diameter
and centreline velocity for diffusers whose divergence angles were
between 30Ôùª and 50Ôùª. Variation of Reynolds number did not significantly
affect the velocity and static pressure profiles. The wall static
pressure recovery was found to be more sensitive to changes in the
Reynolds number. By increasing the velocity from 10 m/s to 20 m/s,
the wall static pressure recovery increased by 8.31%. However, as the
divergence angle was increased, a similar increase in the Reynolds
number resulted in a higher percentage increase in pressure recovery.
Experimental results showed that regardless of the wall to which
the flow was attached, both the velocity and pressure fields were
replicated with discrepancies below 2%.
Abstract: Banyan networks are really attractive for serving as
the optical switching architectures due to their unique properties of
small depth and absolute signal loss uniformity. The fact has been
established that the limitations of blocking nature and the nonavailability
of proper connections due to non-rearrangeable property
can be easily ruled out using electro-optic MZI switches as basic
switching elements. Combination of the horizontal expansion and
vertical stacking of optical banyan networks is an appropriate scheme
for constructing non-blocking banyan-based optical switching
networks. The interconnected banyan switching fabrics (IBSF) have
been considered and analyzed to best serve the purpose of optical
switching with electro-optic MZI basic elements. The cross/bar state
interchange for the switches has been facilitated by appropriate
voltage switching or the by the switching of operating wavelength.
The paper is dedicated to the modification of the basic switching
element being used as well as the architecture of the switching
network.
Abstract: Palm methyl ester (PME) is one of the alternative
biomass fuels to liquid fossil fuels. To investigate the combustion
characteristics of PME as an alternative fuel for gas turbines, combustion experiments using two types of burners under atmospheric
pressure were performed. One of the burners has a configuration
making strong non-premixed flame, whereas the other has a
configuration promoting prevaporization of fuel droplets. The results
show that the NOx emissions can be reduced by employing the latter burner without accumulation of soot when PME is used as a fuel. A
burner configuration promoting prevaporzation of fuel droplets is
recommended for PME.
Abstract: The most common forensic activity is searching a hard
disk for string of data. Nowadays, investigators and analysts are
increasingly experiencing large, even terabyte sized data sets when
conducting digital investigations. Therefore consecutive searching can
take weeks to complete successfully. There are two primary search
methods: index-based search and bitwise search. Index-based
searching is very fast after the initial indexing but initial indexing
takes a long time. In this paper, we discuss a high speed bitwise search
model for large-scale digital forensic investigations. We used pattern
matching board, which is generally used for network security, to
search for string and complex regular expressions. Our results indicate
that in many cases, the use of pattern matching board can substantially
increase the performance of digital forensic search tools.
Abstract: The success of an electronic system in a System-on- Chip is highly dependent on the efficiency of its interconnection network, which is constructed from routers and channels (the routers move data across the channels between nodes). Since neither classical bus based nor point to point architectures can provide scalable solutions and satisfy the tight power and performance requirements of future applications, the Network-on-Chip (NoC) approach has recently been proposed as a promising solution. Indeed, in contrast to the traditional solutions, the NoC approach can provide large bandwidth with moderate area overhead. The selected topology of the components interconnects plays prime rule in the performance of NoC architecture as well as routing and switching techniques that can be used. In this paper, we present two generic NoC architectures that can be customized to the specific communication needs of an application in order to reduce the area with minimal degradation of the latency of the system. An experimental study is performed to compare these structures with basic NoC topologies represented by 2D mesh, Butterfly-Fat Tree (BFT) and SPIN. It is shown that Cluster mesh (CMesh) and MinRoot schemes achieves significant improvements in network latency and energy consumption with only negligible area overhead and complexity over existing architectures. In fact, in the case of basic NoC topologies, CMesh and MinRoot schemes provides substantial savings in area as well, because they requires fewer routers. The simulation results show that CMesh and MinRoot networks outperforms MESH, BFT and SPIN in main performance metrics.