Abstract: Load managing method on road became necessary
since overloaded vehicles occur damage on road facilities and existing
systems for preventing this damage still show many
problems.Accordingly, efficient managing system for preventing
overloaded vehicles could be organized by using the road itself as a
scale by applying genetic algorithm to analyze the load and the drive
information of vehicles.Therefore, this paper organized Ubiquitous
sensor network system for development of intelligent overload vehicle
regulation system, also in this study, to use the behavior of road, the
transformation was measured by installing underground box type
indoor model and indoor experiment was held using genetic algorithm.
And we examined wireless possibility of overloaded vehicle
regulation system through experiment of the transmission and
reception distance.If this system will apply to road and bridge, might
be effective for economy and convenience through establishment of
U-IT system..
Abstract: Detecting object in video sequence is a challenging
mission for identifying, tracking moving objects. Background
removal considered as a basic step in detected moving objects tasks.
Dual static cameras placed in front and rear moving platform
gathered information which is used to detect objects. Background
change regarding with speed and direction moving platform, so
moving objects distinguished become complicated. In this paper, we
propose framework allows detection moving object with variety of
speed and direction dynamically. Object detection technique built on
two levels the first level apply background removal and edge
detection to generate moving areas. The second level apply Moving
Areas Filter (MAF) then calculate Correlation Score (CS) for
adjusted moving area. Merging moving areas with closer CS and
marked as moving object. Experiment result is prepared on real scene
acquired by dual static cameras without overlap in sense. Results
showing accuracy in detecting objects compared with optical flow
and Mixture Module Gaussian (MMG), Accurate ratio produced to
measure accurate detection moving object.
Abstract: This paper discusses a qualitative simulator QRiOM
that uses Qualitative Reasoning (QR) technique, and a process-based
ontology to model, simulate and explain the behaviour of selected
organic reactions. Learning organic reactions requires the application
of domain knowledge at intuitive level, which is difficult to be
programmed using traditional approach. The main objective of
QRiOM is to help learners gain a better understanding of the
fundamental organic reaction concepts, and to improve their
conceptual comprehension on the subject by analyzing the multiple
forms of explanation generated by the software. This paper focuses
on the generation of explanation based on causal theories to explicate
various phenomena in the chemistry subject. QRiOM has been tested
with three classes problems related to organic chemistry, with
encouraging results. This paper also presents the results of
preliminary evaluation of QRiOM that reveal its explanation
capability and usefulness.
Abstract: Implementing Information Technology/ Information
System (IT/IS) is critical for every industry as its potential benefits
have been to motivate many industries including the Malaysian
construction industry to invest in it. To successfully implement IT/IS
has become the major concern for every organisation. Identifying the
critical success factors (CSFs) has become the main agenda for
researchers, academicians and practitioners due to the wide number
of failures reported. This research paper seeks to identify the CSFs
that influence the successful implementation of IT/IS in construction
industry in Malaysia. Limited factors relating to people issue will be
highlighted here to showcase some as it becomes one of the major
contributing factors to the failure. Three (3) organisations have
participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews are employed as
they offer sufficient flexibility to ensure that all relevant factors are
covered. Several key issues contributing to successful
implementations of IT/IS are identified. The results of this study
reveal that top management support, communication, user
involvement, IT staff roles and responsibility, training/skills, leader/
IT Leader, organisation culture, knowledge/ experience, motivation,
awareness, focus and ambition, satisfaction, teamwork/ collaboration,
willingness to change, attitude, commitment, management style,
interest in IT, employee behaviour towards collaborative
environment, trust, interpersonal relationship, personal characteristic
and competencies are significantly associated with the successful
implementations of IT/IS. It is anticipated that this study will create
awareness and contribute to a better understanding amongst
construction industry players and will assist them to successfully
implement IT/IS.
Abstract: The effects of global warming on India vary from the
submergence of low-lying islands and coastal lands to the melting of
glaciers in the Indian Himalayas, threatening the volumetric flow rate
of many of the most important rivers of India and South Asia. In
India, such effects are projected to impact millions of lives. As a
result of ongoing climate change, the climate of India has become
increasingly volatile over the past several decades; this trend is
expected to continue.
Climate change is one of the most important global environmental
challenges, with implications for food production, water supply,
health, energy, etc. Addressing climate change requires a good
scientific understanding as well as coordinated action at national and
global level. The climate change issue is part of the larger challenge
of sustainable development. As a result, climate policies can be more
effective when consistently embedded within broader strategies
designed to make national and regional development paths more
sustainable. The impact of climate variability and change, climate
policy responses, and associated socio-economic development will
affect the ability of countries to achieve sustainable development
goals.
A very well calibrated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (R2 =
0.9968, NSE = 0.91) was exercised over the Khatra sub basin of the
Kangsabati River watershed in Bankura district of West Bengal,
India, in order to evaluate projected parameters for agricultural
activities. Evapotranspiration, Transmission Losses, Potential
Evapotranspiration and Lateral Flow to reach are evaluated from the
years 2041-2050 in order to generate a picture for sustainable
development of the river basin and its inhabitants.
India has a significant stake in scientific advancement as well as
an international understanding to promote mitigation and adaptation.
This requires improved scientific understanding, capacity building,
networking and broad consultation processes. This paper is a
commitment towards the planning, management and development of
the water resources of the Kangsabati River by presenting detailed
future scenarios of the Kangsabati river basin, Khatra sub basin, over
the mentioned time period.
India-s economy and societal infrastructures are finely tuned to the
remarkable stability of the Indian monsoon, with the consequence
that vulnerability to small changes in monsoon rainfall is very high.
In 2002 the monsoon rains failed during July, causing profound loss
of agricultural production with a drop of over 3% in India-s GDP.
Neither the prolonged break in the monsoon nor the seasonal rainfall
deficit was predicted. While the general features of monsoon
variability and change are fairly well-documented, the causal
mechanisms and the role of regional ecosystems in modulating the
changes are still not clear. Current climate models are very poor at
modelling the Asian monsoon: this is a challenging and critical
region where the ocean, atmosphere, land surface and mountains all
interact. The impact of climate change on regional ecosystems is
likewise unknown. The potential for the monsoon to become more
volatile has major implications for India itself and for economies
worldwide. Knowledge of future variability of the monsoon system,
particularly in the context of global climate change, is of great
concern for regional water and food security.
The major findings of this paper were that of all the chosen
projected parameters, transmission losses, soil water content,
potential evapotranspiration, evapotranspiration and lateral flow to
reach, display an increasing trend over the time period of years 2041-
2050.
Abstract: We deal with the numerical solution of time-dependent convection-diffusion-reaction equations. We combine the local projection stabilization method for the space discretization with two different time discretization schemes: the continuous Galerkin-Petrov (cGP) method and the discontinuous Galerkin (dG) method of polynomial of degree k. We establish the optimal error estimates and present numerical results which shows that the cGP(k) and dG(k)- methods are accurate of order k +1, respectively, in the whole time interval. Moreover, the cGP(k)-method is superconvergent of order 2k and dG(k)-method is of order 2k +1 at the discrete time points. Furthermore, the dependence of the results on the choice of the stabilization parameter are discussed and compared.
Abstract: In recent years, the underground water sources in
southern Taiwan have become salinized because of saltwater
intrusions. This study explores the adsorption characteristics of
activated carbon on salinizing inorganic salts using isothermal
adsorption experiments and provides a model analysis. The
temperature range for the isothermal adsorption experiments ranged
between 5 to 45 ℃, and the amount adsorbed varied between 28.21 to
33.87 mg/g. All experimental data of adsorption can be fitted to both
the Langmuir and the Freundlich models. The thermodynamic
parameters for per chlorate onto granular activated carbon were
calculated as -0.99 to -1.11 kcal/mol for DG°, -0.6 kcal/mol for DH°,
and 1.21 to 1.84 kcal/mol for DS°. This shows that the adsorption
process of granular activated carbon is spontaneously exothermic. The
observation of adsorption behaviors under low ionic strength, low pH
values, and low temperatures is beneficial to the adsorption removal of
perchlorate with granular activated carbon.
Abstract: Databases have become ubiquitous. Almost all IT applications are storing into and retrieving information from databases. Retrieving information from the database requires knowledge of technical languages such as Structured Query Language (SQL). However majority of the users who interact with the databases do not have a technical background and are intimidated by the idea of using languages such as SQL. This has led to the development of a few Natural Language Database Interfaces (NLDBIs). A NLDBI allows the user to query the database in a natural language. This paper highlights on architecture of new NLDBI system, its implementation and discusses on results obtained. In most of the typical NLDBI systems the natural language statement is converted into an internal representation based on the syntactic and semantic knowledge of the natural language. This representation is then converted into queries using a representation converter. A natural language query is translated to an equivalent SQL query after processing through various stages. The work has been experimented on primitive database queries with certain constraints.
Abstract: Simulation and modeling computer programs are
concerned with construction of models for analyzing different
perspectives and possibilities in changing conditions environment.
The paper presents theoretical justification and evaluation of
qualitative e-learning development model in perspective of advancing
modern technologies. There have been analyzed principles of
qualitative e-learning in higher education, productivity of studying
process using modern technologies, different kind of methods and
future perspectives of e-learning in formal education. Theoretically
grounded and practically tested model of developing e-learning
methods using different technologies for different type of classroom,
which can be used in professor-s decision making process to choose
the most effective e-learning methods has been worked out.
Abstract: To increase the maximum span of cable-stayed
bridges, Uwe Starossek has developed a modified statical system.
The basic idea of this new concept is the use of pairs of inclined
pylon legs that spread out longitudinally from the foundation base or
from the girder level.
Spread-pylon cable-stayed bridge has distinct advantage like
reduction of sag of cables and oscillation of cable during earthquake
over traditional cable-stayed bridges. Spread-pylon also improves
seismic performance of deck during strong ground motion.
Abstract: Truly successful bloggers, navigating the public to know them, often use their blogs as a way to better communicate with customers. Integrating with marketing tools, storytelling can be regarded as one of the most effective ways that businesses can follow to gain competitive edge. Even though the literature on marketing contains much discussion of traditional vehicles, the issue of business blogs applying storytelling has, as yet, received little attention. In the exploration stage, this paper identifies four storytelling disciplines and then presents a road map to business blogging. This paper also provides a two-path framework for blog storytelling and initiates an issue for further study.
Abstract: The effects of upflow liquid velocity (ULV) on
performance of expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) system were
investigated. The EGSB reactor, made from galvanized steel pipe
0.10 m diameter and 5 m height, had been used to treat piggery
wastewater, after passing through acidification tank. It consisted of
39.3 l working volume in reaction zone and 122 l working volume in
sedimentation zone, at the upper part. The reactor was seeded with
anaerobically digested sludge and operated at the ULVs of 4, 8, 12
and 16 m/h, consecutively, corresponding to organic loading rates of
9.6 – 13.0 kg COD/ (m3.d). The average COD concentrations in the
influent were 9,601 – 13,050 mg/l. The COD removal was not
significantly different, i.e. 93.0% - 94.0%, except at ULV 12 m/h where
SS in the influent was exceptionally high so that VSS washout had
occurred, leading to low COD removal. The FCOD and VFA
concentrations in the effluent of all experiments were not much
different, indicating the same range of treatment performance. The
biogas production decreased at higher ULV and ULV of 4 m/h is
suggested as design criterion for EGSB system.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a method for edge
segmentation of satellite images based on 2-D Phase Congruency
(PC) model. The proposed approach is composed by two steps: The
contextual non linear smoothing algorithm (CNLS) is used to smooth
the input images. Then, the 2D stretched Gabor filter (S-G filter)
based on proposed angular variation is developed in order to avoid
the multiple responses in the previous work. An assessment of our
proposed method performance is provided in terms of accuracy of
satellite image edge segmentation. The proposed method is compared
with others known approaches.
Abstract: In this paper, we focus on the use of knowledge bases
in two different application areas – control of systems with unknown
or strongly nonlinear models (i.e. hardly controllable by the classical
methods), and robot motion planning in eight directions. The first
one deals with fuzzy logic and the paper presents approaches for
setting and aggregating the rules of a knowledge base. Te second one
is concentrated on a case-based reasoning strategy for finding the
path in a planar scene with obstacles.
Abstract: Gurus of the Classical Management School (like
Taylor, Fayol and Ford) had an opinion that work must be delegated
to the individual and the individual has to be instructed, his work
assessed and paid based on individual performance. The theories of
the Human Relations School have changed this mentality regarding
the concept of groups. They came to the conclusion that the influence
of groups greatly affects the behaviour and performance of its
members.
Group theories today are characterized by problem-solving teams
and self-managing groups authorized to make decisions and execute;
professional communities also play an important role during the
operation of knowledge management systems.
In this theoretical research we try to find answers to a question:
what kind of characteristics (professional competencies, personal
features, etc.) a successful team needs to manage a change to operate
a knowledge management system step by step.
Abstract: The bridge vibration due to traffic loading has been a
subject of extensive research during the last decades. A number of
these studies are concerned with the effects of the unevenness of
roadways on the dynamic responses of highway bridges. The road
unevenness is often described as a random process that constitutes
of different wavelengths. Thus, the study focuses on examining
the effects of the random description of roadways on the dynamic
response and its variance. A new setting of variance based sensitivity
analysis is proposed and used to identify and quantify the
contributions of the roadway-s wavelengths to the variance of the
dynamic response. Furthermore, the effect of the vehicle-s speed on
the dynamic response is studied.
Abstract: Most of the collision warning systems currently
available in the automotive market are mainly designed to warn
against imminent rear-end and lane-changing collisions. No collision
warning system is commercially available to warn against imminent
turning collisions at intersections, especially for left-turn collisions
when a driver attempts to make a left-turn at either a signalized or
non-signalized intersection, conflicting with the path of other
approaching vehicles traveling on the opposite-direction traffic
stream. One of the major factors that lead to left-turn collisions is the
human error and misjudgment of the driver of the turning vehicle
when perceiving the speed and acceleration of other vehicles
traveling on the opposite-direction traffic stream; therefore, using a
properly-designed collision warning system will likely reduce, or
even eliminate, this type of collisions by reducing human error. This
paper introduces perceptual framework for a proposed collision
warning system that can detect imminent left-turn collisions at
intersections. The system utilizes a commercially-available detection
sensor (either a radar sensor or a laser detector) to detect approaching
vehicles traveling on the opposite-direction traffic stream and
calculate their speeds and acceleration rates to estimate the time-tocollision
and compare that time to the time required for the turning
vehicle to clear the intersection. When calculating the time required
for the turning vehicle to clear the intersection, consideration is given
to the perception-reaction time of the driver of the turning vehicle,
which is the time required by the driver to perceive the message
given by the warning system and react to it by engaging the throttle.
A regression model was developed to estimate perception-reaction
time based on age and gender of the driver of the host vehicle.
Desired acceleration rate selected by the driver of the turning vehicle,
when making the left-turn movement, is another human factor that is
considered by the system. Another regression model was developed
to estimate the acceleration rate selected by the driver of the turning
vehicle based on driver-s age and gender as well as on the location
and speed of the nearest approaching vehicle along with the
maximum acceleration rate provided by the mechanical
characteristics of the turning vehicle. By comparing time-to-collision
with the time required for the turning vehicle to clear the intersection,
the system displays a message to the driver of the turning vehicle
when departure is safe. An application example is provided to
illustrate the logic algorithm of the proposed system.
Abstract: In this paper, we research the standard 13-point difference schemes for solving the biharmonic equation. Heuristic method is applied to judging the stability of multi-level difference schemes of the biharmonic equation. It is showed that the standard 13-point difference schemes are stable.
Abstract: In the modern manufacturing systems, the use of
thermal cutting techniques using oxyfuel, plasma and laser have
become indispensable for the shape forming of high quality complex
components; however, the conventional chip removal production
techniques still have its widespread space in the manufacturing
industry. Both these types of machining operations require the
positioning of end effector tool at the edge where the cutting process
commences. This repositioning of the cutting tool in every machining
operation is repeated several times and is termed as non-productive
time or airtime motion. Minimization of this non-productive
machining time plays an important role in mass production with high
speed machining. As, the tool moves from one region to the other by
rapid movement and visits a meticulous region once in the whole
operation, hence the non-productive time can be minimized by
synchronizing the tool movements. In this work, this problem is
being formulated as a general travelling salesman problem (TSP) and
a genetic algorithm approach has been applied to solve the same. For
improving the efficiency of the algorithm, the GA has been
hybridized with a noble special heuristic and simulating annealing
(SA). In the present work a novel heuristic in the combination of GA
has been developed for synchronization of toolpath movements
during repositioning of the tool. A comparative analysis of new Meta
heuristic techniques with simple genetic algorithm has been
performed. The proposed metaheuristic approach shows better
performance than simple genetic algorithm for minimization of nonproductive
toolpath length. Also, the results obtained with the help of
hybrid simulated annealing genetic algorithm (HSAGA) are also
found better than the results using simple genetic algorithm only.
Abstract: Pharmacology curriculum plays an integral role in
medical education. Learning pharmacology to choose and prescribe
drugs is a major challenge encountered by students. We developed
pharmacology applied learning activities for first year medical
students that included realistic clinical situations with escalating
complications which required the students to analyze the situation
and think critically to choose a safe drug. Tutor feedback was
provided at the end of session. Evaluation was done to assess the
students- level of interest and usefulness of the sessions in rational
selection of drugs. Majority (98 %) of the students agreed that the
session was an extremely useful learning exercise and agreed that
similar sessions would help in rational selection of drugs. Applied
learning sessions in the early years of medical program may promote
deep learning and bridge the gap between pharmacology theory and
clinical practice. Besides, it may also enhance safe prescribing skills.