Abstract: Current trends in manufacturing are characterized by
production broadening, innovation cycle shortening, and the products
having a new shape, material and functions. The production strategy
focused on time needed change from the traditional functional
production structure to flexible manufacturing cells and lines.
Production by automated manufacturing system (AMS) is one of the
most important manufacturing philosophies in the last years. The
main goals of the project we are involved in lies on building a
laboratory in which will be located a flexible manufacturing system
consisting of at least two production machines with NC control
(milling machines, lathe). These machines will be linked to a
transport system and they will be served by industrial robots. Within
this flexible manufacturing system a station for the quality control
consisting of a camera system and rack warehouse will be also
located. The design, analysis and improvement of this manufacturing
system, specially with a special focus on the communication among
devices constitute the main aims of this paper. The key determining
factors for the manufacturing system design are: the product, the
production volume, the used machines, the disposable manpower, the
disposable infrastructure and the legislative frame for the specific
cases.
Abstract: The measurement of anesthetic depth is necessary in
anesthesiology. NN10 is very simple method among the RR intervals
analysis methods. NN10 parameter means the numbers of above the 10
ms intervals of the normal to normal RR intervals.
Bispectrum analysis is defined as 2D FFT. EEG signal reflected the
non-linear peristalsis phenomena according to the change brain
function. After analyzing the bispectrum of the 2 dimension, the most
significant power spectrum density peaks appeared abundantly at the
specific area in awakening and anesthesia state. These points are
utilized to create the new index since many peaks appeared at the
specific area in the frequency coordinate. The measured range of an
index was 0-100. An index is 20-50 at an anesthesia, while the index is
90-60 at the awake.
In this paper, the relation between NN10 parameter using ECG and
bisepctrum index using EEG is observed to estimate the depth of
anesthesia during anesthesia and then we estimated the utility of the
anesthetic.
Abstract: Classical Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes C that contain their dual codes can be used to construct quantum stabilizer codes this chapter studies the properties of such codes. It had been shown that a BCH code of length n which contains its dual code satisfies the bound on weight of any non-zero codeword in C and converse is also true. One impressive difficulty in quantum communication and computation is to protect informationcarrying quantum states against undesired interactions with the environment. To address this difficulty, many good quantum errorcorrecting codes have been derived as binary stabilizer codes. We were able to shed more light on the structure of dual containing BCH codes. These results make it possible to determine the parameters of quantum BCH codes in terms of weight of non-zero dual codeword.
Abstract: Recently, there have been considerable efforts towards the convergence between P2P and Grid computing in order to reach a solution that takes the best of both worlds by exploiting the advantages that each offers. Augmenting the peer-to-peer model to the services of the Grid promises to eliminate bottlenecks and ensure greater scalability, availability, and fault-tolerance. The Grid Information Service (GIS) directly influences quality of service for grid platforms. Most of the proposed solutions for decentralizing the GIS are based on completely flat overlays. The main contributions for this paper are: the investigation of a novel resource discovery framework for Grid implementations based on a hierarchy of structured peer-to-peer overlay networks, and introducing a discovery algorithm utilizing the proposed framework. Validation of the framework-s performance is done via simulation. Experimental results show that the proposed organization has the advantage of being scalable while providing fault-isolation, effective bandwidth utilization, and hierarchical access control. In addition, it will lead to a reliable, guaranteed sub-linear search which returns results within a bounded interval of time and with a smaller amount of generated traffic within each domain.
Abstract: A semi-active control strategy for suspension
systems of passenger cars is presented employing
Magnetorheological (MR) dampers. The vehicle is modeled with
seven DOFs including the, roll pitch and bounce of car body, and
the vertical motion of the four tires. In order to design an optimal
controller based on the actuator constraints, a Linear-Quadratic
Regulator (LQR) is designed. The design procedure of the LQR
consists of selecting two weighting matrices to minimize the energy
of the control system. This paper presents a hybrid optimization
procedure which is a combination of gradient-based and
evolutionary algorithms to choose the weighting matrices with
regards to the actuator constraint. The optimization algorithm is
defined based on maximum comfort and actuator constraints. It is
noted that utilizing the present control algorithm may significantly
reduce the vibration response of the passenger car, thus, providing
a comfortable ride.
Abstract: Support vector machines (SVMs) are considered to be
the best machine learning algorithms for minimizing the predictive
probability of misclassification. However, their drawback is that for
large data sets the computation of the optimal decision boundary is a
time consuming function of the size of the training set. Hence several
methods have been proposed to speed up the SVM algorithm. Here
three methods used to speed up the computation of the SVM
classifiers are compared experimentally using a musical genre
classification problem. The simplest method pre-selects a random
sample of the data before the application of the SVM algorithm. Two
additional methods use proximity graphs to pre-select data that are
near the decision boundary. One uses k-Nearest Neighbor graphs and
the other Relative Neighborhood Graphs to accomplish the task.
Abstract: The Sensor Network consists of densely deployed
sensor nodes. Energy optimization is one of the most important
aspects of sensor application design. Data acquisition and aggregation
techniques for processing data in-network should be energy efficient.
Due to the cross-layer design, resource-limited and noisy nature
of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs), it is challenging to study
the performance of these systems in a realistic setting. In this
paper, we propose optimizing queries by aggregation of data and
data redundancy to reduce energy consumption without requiring
all sensed data and directed diffusion communication paradigm to
achieve power savings, robust communication and processing data
in-network. To estimate the per-node power consumption POWERTossim
mica2 energy model is used, which provides scalable and
accurate results. The performance analysis shows that the proposed
methods overcomes the existing methods in the aspects of energy
consumption in wireless sensor networks.
Abstract: This paper proposes evaluation of sound parameterization methods in recognizing some spoken Arabic words, namely digits from zero to nine. Each isolated spoken word is represented by a single template based on a specific recognition feature, and the recognition is based on the Euclidean distance from those templates. The performance analysis of recognition is based on four parameterization features: the Burg Spectrum Analysis, the Walsh Spectrum Analysis, the Thomson Multitaper Spectrum Analysis and the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) features. The main aim of this paper was to compare, analyze, and discuss the outcomes of spoken Arabic digits recognition systems based on the selected recognition features. The results acqired confirm that the use of MFCC features is a very promising method in recognizing Spoken Arabic digits.
Abstract: This paper deals with the extraction of information from the experts to automatically identify and recognize Ganoderma infection in oil palm stem using tomography images. Expert-s knowledge are used as rules in a Fuzzy Inference Systems to classify each individual patterns observed in he tomography image. The classification is done by defining membership functions which assigned a set of three possible hypotheses : Ganoderma infection (G), non Ganoderma infection (N) or intact stem tissue (I) to every abnormalities pattern found in the tomography image. A complete comparison between Mamdani and Sugeno style,triangular, trapezoids and mixed triangular-trapezoids membership functions and different methods of aggregation and defuzzification is also presented and analyzed to select suitable Fuzzy Inference System methods to perform the above mentioned task. The results showed that seven out of 30 initial possible combination of available Fuzzy Inference methods in MATLAB Fuzzy Toolbox were observed giving result close to the experts estimation.
Abstract: BioEnergy is an archetypal appropriate technology
and alternate source of energy in rural areas of China, and can meet
the basic need for cooking fuel in rural areas. The paper introduces
with an alternate mean of research that can accelerate the biogas
energy production. Tithonia diversifolia or the Tree marigold can be
hailed as mesophillic anaerobic digestion to increase the production
of more Bioenergy. Tithonia diversifolia is very native to Mexico and
Central America, which can be served as ornamental plants- green
manure and can prevent soil erosion. Tithonia diversifolia is widely
grown and known to Asia, Africa, America and Australia as well.
Nowadays, Considering China’s geographical condition it is found
that Tithonia diversifolia is widely growing plant in the many tropical
and subtropical regions of southern Yunnan- which can have great
usage in accelerating and increasing the Bioenergy production
technology. The paper discussed aiming at proving possibility that
Tithonia diversifolia can be applied in biogas fermentation and its
biogas production potential, the research carried experiment on
Tithonia diversifolia biogas fermentation under the mesophilic
condition (35 Celsius Degree). The result revealed that Tithonia
diversifolia can be used as biogas fermentative material, and 6%
concentration can get the best biogas production, with the TS biogas
production rate 656mL/g and VS biogas production rate 801mL/g. It
is well addressed that Tithonia diversifolia grows wildly in 53
Counties and 9 cities of Yunnan Province, which mainly grows in
form of the road side plants, the edge of the field, countryside, forest
edge, open space; of which demersum-natures can form dense
monospecific beds -causing serious harm to agricultural production
landforms threatening the ecological system as a potentially harmful
exotic plant. There are also found the three types of invasive daisy
alien plants -Eupatorium adenophorum, Eupatorium Odorata and
Tithonia diversifolia in Yunnan Province of China-among them the
Tithonia diversifolia is responsible for causing serious harm to
agricultural production. In this paper we have designed the
experimental explanation of Biogas energy production that requires
anaerobic environment and some microbes; Tithonia diversifolia
plant has been taken into consideration while carrying experiments
and with successful resulting of generating more BioEnergy
emphasizing on the practical applications of Tithonia diversifolia.
This paper aims at- to find a new mechanism to provide a more
scientific basis for the development of this plant herbicides in Biogas
energy and to improve the utilization throughout the world as well.
Abstract: The need for micromechanical inertial sensors is increasing
in future electronic stability control (ESC) and other positioning,
navigation and guidance systems. Due to the rising density of
sensors in automotive and consumer devices the goal is not only to get
high performance, robustness and smaller package sizes, but also to
optimize the energy management of the overall sensor system. This
paper presents an evaluation concept for a surface micromachined
yaw rate sensor. Within this evaluation concept an energy-efficient
operation of the drive mode of the yaw rate sensor is enabled. The
presented system concept can be realized within a power management
subsystem.
Abstract: The objectives of this research are to search the
management pattern of Nakhon Pathom lodging entrepreneurs for
sufficient economy ways, to know the threat that affects this sector
and design fit arrangement model to sustain their business with
Nakhon Pathom style. What will happen if they do not use this
approach? Will they have a financial crisis? The data and
information are collected by informal discussions with 12 managers
and 400 questionnaires. A mixed method of both qualitative research
and quantitative research are used. Bent Flyvbjerg’s phronesis is
utilized for this analysis. Our research will prove that sufficient
economy can help small business firms to solve their problems. We
think that the results of our research will be a financial model to
solve many problems of the entrepreneurs and this way will can be a
model for other provinces of Thailand.
Abstract: Environmental conflicts produced by economic development and natural resources exploitation, are discussed. Main causes of conflicts in developing countries were shown to arise from geographically external investments, inefficiency of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), and the lack of communication between government and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs). Citizen participation can only intervene during late stages of the EIA, which is considered as one of the main shortcomings in satisfying demands of local people.
Abstract: The complex structure of lignocellulose leads to great
difficulties in converting it to fermentable sugars for the ethanol
production. The major hydrolysis impediments are the crystallinity of
cellulose and the lignin content. To improve the efficiency of
enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial pretreatment of corncob was
investigated using two bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis A 002 and
Cellulomonas sp. TISTR 784 (expected to break open the crystalline
part of cellulose) and lignin-degrading fungus, Phanerochaete
sordida SK7 (expected to remove lignin from lignocellulose). The
microbial pretreatment was carried out with each strain under its
optimum conditions. The pretreated corncob samples were further
hydrolyzed to produce reducing glucose with low amounts of
commercial cellulase (25 U·g-1 corncob) from Aspergillus niger. The
corncob samples were determined for composition change by X-ray
diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
and scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the results,
the microbial pretreatment with fungus, P. sordida SK7 was the most
effective for enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis, approximately, 40%
improvement.
Abstract: Researchers investigate arious strategies to develop composite beams and maximize the structural advantages. This study
attempted to conduct experiments and analysis of changes in the
neutral axis of positive moments of a Green Beam. Strain
compatibility analysis was used, and its efficiency was demonstrated
by comparing experimental and analytical values. In the comparison of
neutral axis, the difference between experimental and analytical values
was found to range from 8.8~26.2%. It was determined that strain
compatibility analysis can be useful for predicting the behaviors of
composite beams, with the ability to predict the behavior of not only
the elastic location of the composite member, but also of the plastic
location
Abstract: There are many virtual payment systems available to
conduct micropayments. It is essential that the protocols satisfy the
highest standards of correctness. This paper examines the Netpay
Protocol [3], provide its formalization as automata model, and prove
two important correctness properties, namely absence of deadlock
and validity of an ecoin during the execution of the protocol. This
paper assumes a cooperative customer and will prove that the
protocol is executing according to its description.
Abstract: The liquid cargo contained in a partly-filled road tank
vehicle is prone to dynamic slosh movement when subjected to
external disturbances. The slosh behavior has been identified as a
significant factor impairing the safety of liquid cargo transportation.
The laboratory experiments have been conducted for analyzing fluid
slosh in partly filled tanks. The experiment results measured under
forced harmonic excitations reveal the three-dimensional nature of
the fluid motion and coupling between the lateral and longitudinal
fluid slosh at resonance. Several spectral components are observed
for the transient slosh forces, which can be associated with the
excitation, resonance, and beat frequencies. The peak slosh forces
and moments in the vicinity of resonance are significantly larger than
those of the equivalent rigid mass. Due to the nature of coupling
between sloshing fluid and vehicle body, the issue of the dynamic
fluid-structure interaction is essential in the analysis of tank-vehicle
dynamics. A dynamic pitch plane model of a Tridem truck
incorporated the fluid slosh dynamics is developed to analyze the
fluid-vehicle interaction under the straight-line braking maneuvers.
The results show that the vehicle responses are highly associated
with the characteristics of fluid slosh force and moment.
Abstract: The development of aid's systems for the medical
diagnosis is not easy thing because of presence of inhomogeneities in
the MRI, the variability of the data from a sequence to the other as
well as of other different source distortions that accentuate this
difficulty. A new automatic, contextual, adaptive and robust
segmentation procedure by MRI brain tissue classification is
described in this article. A first phase consists in estimating the
density of probability of the data by the Parzen-Rozenblatt method.
The classification procedure is completely automatic and doesn't
make any assumptions nor on the clusters number nor on the
prototypes of these clusters since these last are detected in an
automatic manner by an operator of mathematical morphology called
skeleton by influence zones detection (SKIZ). The problem of
initialization of the prototypes as well as their number is transformed
in an optimization problem; in more the procedure is adaptive since it
takes in consideration the contextual information presents in every
voxel by an adaptive and robust non parametric model by the
Markov fields (MF). The number of bad classifications is reduced by
the use of the criteria of MPM minimization (Maximum Posterior
Marginal).
Abstract: Disparity in India has been persisting since independence causing many socioeconomic problems and its removal has become the most prime objective of the planned development in India. Hence the paper attempts to study the disparity at State and Regional level and gives inclusive planning guidelines to achieve balanced regional development. At State level, the relative socioeconomic backwardness of Vidarbha Region based on Interregional analysis using selected indicators like Foreign Direct Investment, Human Development Index, Per Capita District Domestic Product has been assessed and broad guidelines have been proposed. In the later part at Regional level, the relative backwardness of districts based on Intraregional analysis using socioeconomic indicators has been assessed within Nagpur sub region and factors responsible for backwardness & disparity have been indicated. The policy guidelines for Identified sub region have been proposed based on the most significant factor and their extent of relationship explaining backwardness Nagpur sub region.
Abstract: The presented paper shows the possibility of using
holographic interferometry for measurement of temperature field in
moving fluids. There are a few methods for identification of velocity
fields in fluids, such us LDA, PIV, hot wire anemometry. It is very
difficult to measure the temperature field in moving fluids. One of the
often used methods is Constant Current Anemometry (CCA), which
is a point temperature measurement method. Data are possibly
acquired at frequencies up to 1000Hz. This frequency should be
limiting factor for using of CCA in fluid when fast change of
temperature occurs. This shortcoming of CCA measurements should
be overcome by using of optical methods such as holographic
interferometry. It is necessary to employ a special holographic setup
with double sensitivity instead of the commonly used Mach-Zehnder
type of holographic interferometer in order to attain the parameters
sufficient for the studied case. This setup is not light efficient like the
Mach-Zehnder type but has double sensitivity. The special technique
of acquiring and phase averaging of results from holographic
interferometry is also presented. The results from the holographic
interferometry experiments will be compared with the temperature
field achieved by methods CCA method.