Abstract: The seeds of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fall among the lesser known oil seeds. Cottonseeds are not normally consumed in their natural state due to their gossypol content, an antinutrient. The effect of processing on the sensory characteristics and chemical composition of cottonseed and its extract was studied by subjecting the cottonseed extract to heat treatment (boiling) and the cottonseed to fermentation. The cottonseed extract was boiled using the open pot and the pressure pot for 30 minutes respectively. The fermentation of the cottonseed was carried out for 6 days with samples withdrawn at intervals of 2 days. The extract and fermented samples were subjected to chemical analysis and sensory evaluated for colour, aroma, taste, mouth feel, appearance and overallacceptability. The open pot sample was more preferred. Fermentation for 6 days resulted into a significant reduction in gossypol level of the cottonseed; however, sample fermented for 2 days was most preferred.
Abstract: Optimization and control of reactive power
distribution in the power systems leads to the better operation of the
reactive power resources. Reactive power control reduces
considerably the power losses and effective loads and improves the
power factor of the power systems. Another important reason of the
reactive power control is improving the voltage profile of the power
system. In this paper, voltage and reactive power control using
Neural Network techniques have been applied to the 33 shines-
Tehran Electric Company. In this suggested ANN, the voltages of PQ
shines have been considered as the input of the ANN. Also, the
generators voltages, tap transformers and shunt compensators have
been considered as the output of ANN. Results of this techniques
have been compared with the Linear Programming. Minimization of
the transmission line power losses has been considered as the
objective function of the linear programming technique. The
comparison of the results of the ANN technique with the LP shows
that the ANN technique improves the precision and reduces the
computation time. ANN technique also has a simple structure and
this causes to use the operator experience.
Abstract: Semantic query optimization consists in restricting the
search space in order to reduce the set of objects of interest for a
query. This paper presents an indexing method based on UB-trees
and a static analysis of the constraints associated to the views of the
database and to any constraint expressed on attributes. The result of
the static analysis is a partitioning of the object space into disjoint
blocks. Through Space Filling Curve (SFC) techniques, each
fragment (block) of the partition is assigned a unique identifier,
enabling the efficient indexing of fragments by UB-trees. The search
space corresponding to a range query is restricted to a subset of the
blocks of the partition. This approach has been developed in the
context of a KB-DBMS but it can be applied to any relational
system.
Abstract: Downward turbulent bubbly flows in pipes were
modeled using computational fluid dynamics tools. The
Hydrodynamics, phase distribution and turbulent structure of twophase
air-water flow in a 57.15 mm diameter and 3.06 m length
vertical pipe was modeled by using the 3-D Eulerian-Eulerian
multiphase flow approach. Void fraction, liquid velocity and
turbulent fluctuations profiles were calculated and compared against
experimental data. CFD results are in good agreement with
experimental data.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to explain what a multienterprise tie is, what evidence its analysis provides and how does the cooperation mechanism influence the establishment of a multienterprise tie. The study focuses on businesses of smaller dimension, geographically dispersed and whose businessmen are learning to cooperate in an international environment. The empirical evidence obtained at this moment permits to conclude the following: The tie is not long-lasting, it has an end; opportunism is an opportunity to learn; the multi-enterprise tie is a space to learn about the cooperation mechanism; the local tie permits a businessman to alternate between competition and cooperation strategies; the disappearance of a tie is an experience of learning for a businessman, diminishing the possibility of failure in the next tie; the cooperation mechanism tends to eliminate hierarchical relations; the multienterprise tie diminishes the asymmetries and permits SME-s to have a better position when they negotiate with large companies; the multi-enterprise tie impacts positively on the local system. The collection of empirical evidence was done trough the following instruments: direct observation in a business encounter to which the businesses attended in 2003 (202 Mexican agro industry SME-s), a survey applied in 2004 (129), a questionnaire applied in 2005 (86 businesses), field visits to the businesses during the period 2006-2008 and; a survey applied by telephone in 2008 (55 Mexican agro industry SME-s).
Abstract: A combined three-microphone voice activity detector (VAD) and noise-canceling system is studied to enhance speech recognition in an automobile environment. A previous experiment clearly shows the ability of the composite system to cancel a single noise source outside of a defined zone. This paper investigates the performance of the composite system when there are frequently moving noise sources (noise sources are coming from different locations but are not always presented at the same time) e.g. there is other passenger speech or speech from a radio when a desired speech is presented. To work in a frequently moving noise sources environment, whilst a three-microphone voice activity detector (VAD) detects voice from a “VAD valid zone", the 3-microphone noise canceller uses a “noise canceller valid zone" defined in freespace around the users head. Therefore, a desired voice should be in the intersection of the noise canceller valid zone and VAD valid zone. Thus all noise is suppressed outside this intersection of area. Experiments are shown for a real environment e.g. all results were recorded in a car by omni-directional electret condenser microphones.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose an easily computable proximity index for predicting voltage collapse of a load bus using only measured values of the bus voltage and power; Using these measurements a polynomial of fourth order is obtained by using LES estimation algorithms. The sum of the absolute values of the polynomial coefficient gives an idea of the critical bus. We demonstrate the applicability of our proposed method on 6 bus test system. The results obtained verify its applicability, as well as its accuracy and the simplicity. From this indicator, it is allowed to predict the voltage instability or the proximity of a collapse. Results obtained by the PV curve are compared with corresponding values by QV curves and are observed to be in close agreement.
Abstract: To improve the characterization of blood flows, we propose a method which makes it possible to use the spectral analysis
of the Doppler signals. Our calculation induces a reasonable approximation, the error made on estimated speed reflects the fact
that speed depends on the flow conditions as well as on measurement parameters like the bore and the volume flow rate. The estimate of the Doppler signal frequency enables us to determine the maximum Doppler frequencie Fd max as well as the maximum flow speed. The
results show that the difference between the estimated frequencies
( Fde ) and the Doppler frequencies ( Fd ) is small, this variation tends to zero for important θ angles and it is proportional to the diameter D. The description of the speed of friction and the
coefficient of friction justify the error rate obtained.
Abstract: Virtualization-based server consolidation has been
proven to be an ideal technique to solve the server sprawl problem by
consolidating multiple virtualized servers onto a few physical servers
leading to improved resource utilization and return on investment. In
this paper, we solve this problem by using existing servers, which are
heterogeneous and diversely preferred by IT managers. Five practical
consolidation rules are introduced, and a decision model is proposed to
optimally allocate source services to physical target servers while
maximizing the average resource utilization and preference value. Our
model can be regarded as a multi-objective multi-dimension
bin-packing (MOMDBP) problem with constraints, which is strongly
NP-hard. An improved grouping generic algorithm (GGA) is
introduced for the problem. Extensive simulations were performed and
the results are given.
Abstract: In terms of total online audience, newspapers are the most successful form of online content to date. The online audience for newspapers continues to demand higher-quality services, including personalized news services. News providers should be able to offer suitable users appropriate content. In this paper, a news article recommender system is suggested based on a user-s preference when he or she visits an Internet news site and reads the published articles. This system helps raise the user-s satisfaction, increase customer loyalty toward the content provider.
Abstract: For identifying the discriminative sequence features between exons and introns, a new paradigm, rescaled-range frameshift analysis (RRFA), was proposed. By RRFA, two new
sequence features, the frameshift sensitivity (FS) and the accumulative
penta-mer complexity (APC), were discovered which
were further integrated into a new feature of larger scale, the persistency in anti-mutation (PAM). The feature-validation experiments
were performed on six model organisms to test the power
of discrimination. All the experimental results highly support that FS, APC and PAM were all distinguishing features between exons
and introns. These identified new sequence features provide new insights into the sequence composition of genes and they have
great potentials of forming a new basis for recognizing the exonintron boundaries in gene sequences.
Abstract: Candida spp. are common and aggressive pathogens. Because of the growing resistance of Candida spp. to current antifungals, novel targets, found in Candida spp. but not in humans or other flora, have to be identified. The alternative oxidase (AOX) is one such possibility. This enzyme is insensitive to cyanide, but is sensitive to compounds such as salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), disulfiram and n-alkyl gallates. The growth each of six Candida spp. was inhibited significantly by ~13 mM SHAM or 2 mM cyanide, albeit to differing extents. In C. dubliniensis, C. krusei and C. tropicalis the rate of O2 uptake was inhibited by 18-36% by 25 mM SHAM, but this had little or no effect on C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii or C. parapsilosis. Although SHAM substantially inhibited the growth of Candida spp., it is unlikely that the inhibition of AOX was the cause. Salicylhydroxamic acid is used therapeutically in the treatment of urinary tract infections and urolithiasis, but it also has some potential in the treatment of Candida spp. infection.
Abstract: In this paper we consider a nonlinear control design for
nonlinear systems by using two-stage formal linearization and twotype
LQ controls. The ordinary LQ control is designed on almost
linear region around the steady state point. On the other region,
another control is derived as follows. This derivation is based on
coordinate transformation twice with respect to linearization functions
which are defined by polynomials. The linearized systems can be
made up by using Taylor expansion considered up to the higher order.
To the resulting formal linear system, the LQ control theory is applied
to obtain another LQ control. Finally these two-type LQ controls
are smoothly united to form a single nonlinear control. Numerical
experiments indicate that this control show remarkable performances
for a nonlinear system.
Abstract: Searching similar documents and document
management subjects have important place in text mining. One of the
most important parts of similar document research studies is the
process of classifying or clustering the documents. In this study, a
similar document search approach that includes discussion of out the
case of belonging to multiple categories (multiple categories
problem) has been carried. The proposed method that based on Fuzzy
Similarity Classification (FSC) has been compared with Rocchio
algorithm and naive Bayes method which are widely used in text
mining. Empirical results show that the proposed method is quite
successful and can be applied effectively. For the second stage,
multiple categories vector method based on information of categories
regarding to frequency of being seen together has been used.
Empirical results show that achievement is increased almost two
times, when proposed method is compared with classical approach.
Abstract: Nowadays, fluidized bed plays an important part in industry. The design of this kind of reactor requires knowing the interfacial area between two phases and this interfacial area leads to calculate the solid holdup in the bed. Consequently achieving interfacial area between gas and solid in the bed experimentally is so significant. On interfacial area measurement in fluidized bed with gas has been worked, but light transmission technique has been used less. Therefore, in the current research the possibility of using of this technique and its accuracy are investigated. Measuring, a fluidized bed was designed and the problems were averted as far as possible. By using fine solid with equal shape and diameter and installing an optical system, the absorption of light during the time of fluidization has been measured. Results indicate that this method that its validity has been proved in the gas-liquid system, by different reasons have less application in gas-solid system. One important reason could be non-uniformity in such systems.
Abstract: The renewable energy has been attracting attention as
a new alternative energy due to the problem of environmental
pollution and resource depletion. In particular, daylighting and PV
system are regarded as the solutions. In this paper, the hybrid
dimming control system supplied by solar cell and daylighting
system was designed. Daylighting system is main source and PV
system is spare source. PV system operates the LED lamp which
supports daylighting system because daylighting system is unstable
due to the variation of irradiance. In addition, PV system has a role
charging batteries. Battery charging has a benefit that PV system
operate LED lamp in the bad weather. However, LED lamp always
can`t turn on that-s why dimming control system was designed. In
particular, the solar charging robot was designed to check the
interior irradiance intensity. These systems and the application of
the solar charging robot are expected to contribute developing
alternative energy in the near future.
Abstract: Extensive rainfall disaggregation approaches have been developed and applied in climate change impact studies such as flood risk assessment and urban storm water management.In this study, five rainfall models that were capable ofdisaggregating daily rainfall data into hourly one were investigated for the rainfall record in theChangi Airport, Singapore. The objectives of this study were (i) to study the temporal characteristics of hourly rainfall in Singapore, and (ii) to evaluate the performance of variousdisaggregation models. The used models included: (i) Rectangular pulse Poisson model (RPPM), (ii) Bartlett-Lewis Rectangular pulse model (BLRPM), (iii) Bartlett-Lewis model with 2 cell types (BL2C), (iv) Bartlett-Lewis Rectangular with cell depth distribution dependent on duration (BLRD), and (v) Neyman-Scott Rectangular pulse model (NSRPM). All of these models werefitted using hourly rainfall data ranging from 1980 to 2005 (which was obtained from Changimeteorological station).The study results indicated that the weight scheme of inversely proportional variance could deliver more accurateoutputs for fitting rainfall patterns in tropical areas, and BLRPM performedrelatively better than other disaggregation models.
Abstract: The chemistry of sulphone hydrazide has gained increase interest in both synthetic organic chemistry and biological fields and has considerable value. The therapeutic importance of these compounds is the attractive force to continue research in such a point. The present review covers the literature up to date for the synthesis, reactions and applications of such compounds.
Abstract: The Minimum Vertex Cover (MVC) problem is a classic
graph optimization NP - complete problem. In this paper a competent
algorithm, called Vertex Support Algorithm (VSA), is designed to
find the smallest vertex cover of a graph. The VSA is tested on a
large number of random graphs and DIMACS benchmark graphs.
Comparative study of this algorithm with the other existing methods
has been carried out. Extensive simulation results show that the VSA
can yield better solutions than other existing algorithms found in the
literature for solving the minimum vertex cover problem.
Abstract: The menace of counterfeiting pharmaceuticals/drugs has become a major threat to consumers, healthcare providers, drug manufacturers and governments. It is a source of public health concern both in the developed and developing nations. Several solutions for detecting and authenticating counterfeit drugs have been adopted by different nations of the world. In this article, a dialogue system-based drug counterfeiting detection system was developed and the results of the user satisfaction and acceptability of the system are presented. The results show that the users were satisfied with the system and the system was widely accepted as a means of fighting counterfeited drugs.