Abstract: This paper presents an efficient approach to feeder
reconfiguration for power loss reduction and voltage profile
imprvement in unbalanced radial distribution systems (URDS). In
this paper Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to obtain solution for
reconfiguration of radial distribution systems to minimize the losses.
A forward and backward algorithm is used to calculate load flows in
unbalanced distribution systems. By simulating the survival of the
fittest among the strings, the optimum string is searched by
randomized information exchange between strings by performing
crossover and mutation. Results have shown that proposed algorithm
has advantages over previous algorithms The proposed method is
effectively tested on 19 node and 25 node unbalanced radial
distribution systems.
Abstract: Accurate modeling of high speed RLC interconnects
has become a necessity to address signal integrity issues in current
VLSI design. To accurately model a dispersive system of interconnects
at higher frequencies; a full-wave analysis is required.
However, conventional circuit simulation of interconnects with full
wave models is extremely CPU expensive. We present an algorithm
for reducing large VLSI circuits to much smaller ones with similar
input-output behavior. A key feature of our method, called Frequency
Shift Technique, is that it is capable of reducing linear time-varying
systems. This enables it to capture frequency-translation and sampling
behavior, important in communication subsystems such as mixers,
RF components and switched-capacitor filters. Reduction is obtained
by projecting the original system described by linear differential
equations into a lower dimension. Experiments have been carried out
using Cadence Design Simulator cwhich indicates that the proposed
technique achieves more % reduction with less CPU time than the
other model order reduction techniques existing in literature. We
also present applications to RF circuit subsystems, obtaining size
reductions and evaluation speedups of orders of magnitude with
insignificant loss of accuracy.
Abstract: Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a
relatively green and sustainable soil improvement technique. It
utilizes biochemical process that exists naturally in soil to improve
engineering properties of soils. The calcite precipitation process is
uplifted by the mean of injecting higher concentration of urease
positive bacteria and reagents into the soil. The main objective of this
paper is to provide an overview of the factors affecting the MICP in
soil. Several factors were identified including nutrients, bacteria type,
geometric compatibility of bacteria, bacteria cell concentration,
fixation and distribution of bacteria in soil, temperature, reagents
concentration, pH, and injection method. These factors were found to
be essential for promoting successful MICP soil treatment.
Furthermore, a preliminary laboratory test was carried out to
investigate the potential application of the technique in improving the
shear strength and impermeability of a residual soil specimen. The
results showed that both shear strength and impermeability of
residual soil improved significantly upon MICP treatment. The
improvement increased with increasing soil density.
Abstract: This study is concerned with pH solution detection
using 2 × 4 flexible sensor array based on a plastic polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) substrate that is coated a conductive layer and a
ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) sensitive membrane with the technologies
of screen-printing and RF sputtering. For data analysis, we also
prepared a dynamic measurement system for acquiring the response
voltage and analyzing the characteristics of the working electrodes
(WEs), such as sensitivity and linearity. In this condition, an array
measurement system was designed to acquire the original signal from
sensor array, and it is based on the method of digital signal processing
(DSP). The DSP modifies the unstable acquisition data to a direct
current (DC) output using the technique of digital filter. Hence, this
sensor array can obtain a satisfactory yield, 62.5%, through the design
measurement and analysis system in our laboratory.
Abstract: This paper presents the prediction of air flow,
humidity and temperature patterns in a co-current pilot plant spray
dryer fitted with a pressure nozzle using a three dimensional model.
The modelling was done with a Computational Fluid Dynamic
package (Fluent 6.3), in which the gas phase is modelled as
continuum using the Euler approach and the droplet/ particle phase is
modelled by the Discrete Phase model (Lagrange approach).Good
agreement was obtained with published experimental data where the
CFD simulation correctly predicts a fast downward central flowing
core and slow recirculation zones near the walls. In this work, the
effects of the air flow pattern on droplets trajectories, residence time
distribution of droplets and deposition of the droplets on the wall also
were investigated where atomizing of maltodextrin solution was
used.
Abstract: Statistics Canada stated that the wastewater treatment
facilities in most provinces are aging and passes 63% of their useful
life in 2007 the highest ratio among public infrastructure assets.
Currently, there is no standard condition rating system for wastewater
treatment plants that give a specific rating index that describe the
physical integrity of different infrastructure elements in the treatment
plant and its environmental performance. The main objective of this
study is to develop a condition-rating index for wastewater treatment
plants mainly activated sludge systems. The proposed WWTP CRI, is
based on dividing the treatment plant into its three treatment phases;
primary phase, secondary phase and the tertiary phase. The
condition-rating index will reflect the infrastructures state for each
phase, mainly tanks, pipes, blowers and pumps.
Abstract: How to maintain the service speeds for the business
to make the biggest profit is a problem worthy of study, which is
discussed in this paper with the use of queuing theory. An M/M/1/N
queuing model with variable input rates, variable service rates and
impatient customers is established, and the following conclusions
are drawn: the stationary distribution of the model, the relationship
between the stationary distribution and the probability that there are n
customers left in the system when a customer leaves (not including
the customer who leaves himself), the busy period of the system,
the average operating cycle, the loss probability for the customers
not entering the system while they arriving at the system, the mean
of the customers who leaves the system being for impatient, the
loss probability for the customers not joining the queue due to the
limited capacity of the system and many other indicators. This paper
also indicates that the following conclusion is not correct: the more
customers the business serve, the more profit they will get. At last,
this paper points out the appropriate service speeds the business
should keep to make the biggest profit.
Abstract: In this paper, we consider a discrete Gompertz model with time delay. Firstly, the stability of the equilibrium of the system is investigated by analyzing the characteristic equation. By choosing the time delay as a bifurcation parameter, we prove that Neimark- Sacker bifurcations occur when the delay passes a sequence of critical values. The direction and stability of the Neimark-Sacker are determined by using normal forms and centre manifold theory. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to verify the theoretical analysis.
Abstract: Headphones and earphones have many extremely small
holes or narrow slits; they use sound-absorbing or porous material (i.e.,
dampers) to suppress vibratory system resonance. The air viscosity in
these acoustic paths greatly affects the acoustic properties. Simulation
analyses such as the finite element method (FEM) therefore require
knowledge of the material properties of sound-absorbing or porous
materials, such as the characteristic impedance and propagation
constant. The transfer function method using acoustic tubes is a widely
known measuring method, but there is no literature on taking
measurements up to the audible range. To measure the acoustic
properties at high-range frequencies, the acoustic tubes that form the
measuring device need to be narrowed, and the distance between the
two microphones needs to be reduced. However, when the tubes are
narrowed, the characteristic impedance drops below the air impedance.
In this study, we considered the effect of air viscosity in an acoustical
tube, introduced a theoretical formula for this effect in the form of
complex density and complex sonic velocity, and verified the
theoretical formula. We also conducted an experiment and observed
the effect from air viscosity in the actual measurements.
Abstract: Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are
widely in use to improve quality, reliability of wireless transmission
and increase the spectral efficiency. However in MIMO systems,
multiple copies of data are received after experiencing various
channel effects. The limitations on account of complexity due to
number of antennas in case of conventional decoding techniques have
been looked into. Accordingly we propose a modified sphere decoder
(MSD-1) algorithm with lower complexity and give rise to system
with high spectral efficiency. With the aim to increase signal
diversity we apply rotated quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)
constellation in multi dimensional space. Finally, we propose a new
architecture involving space time trellis code (STTC) concatenated
with space time block code (STBC) using MSD-1 at the receiver for
improving system performance. The system gains have been verified
with channel state information (CSI) errors.
Abstract: Machine tools are improved capacity remarkably during the 20th century. Improving the precision of machine tools are related with precision of products and accurate processing is always associated with the subject of interest. There are a lot of the elements that determine the precision of the machine, as guides, motors, structure, control, etc. In this paper we focused on the phenomenon that vertical movement system has worse precision than horizontal movement system even they were made up with same components. The vertical movement system needs to be studied differently from the horizontal movement system to develop its precision. The vertical movement system has load on its transfer direction and it makes the movement system weak in precision than the horizontal one. Some machines have mechanical counter balance, hydraulic or pneumatic counter balance to compensate the weight of the machine head. And there is several type of compensating the weight. It can push the machine head and also can use chain or wire lope to transfer the compensating force from counter balance to machine head. According to the type of compensating, there could be error from friction, pressure error of hydraulic or pressure control error. Also according to what to use for transferring the compensating force, transfer error of compensating force could be occur.
Abstract: Iris-based biometric system is gaining its importance in several applications. However, processing of iris biometric is a challenging and time consuming task. Detection of iris part in an eye image poses a number of challenges such as, inferior image quality, occlusion of eyelids and eyelashes etc. Due to these problems it is not possible to achieve 100% accuracy rate in any iris-based biometric authentication systems. Further, iris detection is a computationally intensive task in the overall iris biometric processing. In this paper, we address these two problems and propose a technique to localize iris part efficiently and accurately. We propose scaling and color level transform followed by thresholding, finding pupil boundary points for pupil boundary detection and dilation, thresholding, vertical edge detection and removal of unnecessary edges present in the eye images for iris boundary detection. Scaling reduces the search space significantly and intensity level transform is helpful for image thresholding. Experimental results show that our approach is comparable with the existing approaches. Following our approach it is possible to detect iris part with 95-99% accuracy as substantiated by our experiments on CASIA Ver-3.0, ICE 2005, UBIRIS, Bath and MMU iris image databases.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a method of resolving dependency ambiguities of Korean subordinate clauses based on Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Dependency analysis of clauses is well known to be one of the most difficult tasks in parsing sentences, especially in Korean. In order to solve this problem, we assume that the dependency relation of Korean subordinate clauses is the dependency relation among verb phrase, verb and endings in the clauses. As a result, this problem is represented as a binary classification task. In order to apply SVMs to this problem, we selected two kinds of features: static and dynamic features. The experimental results on STEP2000 corpus show that our system achieves the accuracy of 73.5%.
Abstract: Load balancing in distributed computer systems is the
process of redistributing the work load among processors in the
system to improve system performance. Most of previous research in
using fuzzy logic for the purpose of load balancing has only
concentrated in utilizing fuzzy logic concepts in describing
processors load and tasks execution length. The responsibility of the
fuzzy-based load balancing process itself, however, has not been
discussed and in most reported work is assumed to be performed in a
distributed fashion by all nodes in the network. This paper proposes a
new fuzzy dynamic load balancing algorithm for homogenous
distributed systems. The proposed algorithm utilizes fuzzy logic in
dealing with inaccurate load information, making load distribution
decisions, and maintaining overall system stability. In terms of
control, we propose a new approach that specifies how, when, and by
which node the load balancing is implemented. Our approach is
called Centralized-But-Distributed (CBD).
Abstract: Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic quinoline alkaloid,
which inhibits the DNA enzyme topoisomerase I (topo I). It was
discovered in 1966 by M. E. Wall and M. C. Wani in systematic
screening of natural products for anticancer drugs. It was isolated
from the bark and stem of Camptotheca acuminata (Camptotheca,
Happy tree), a tree native in China. CPT showed remarkable
anticancer activity in preliminary clinical trials but also low
solubility and (high) adverse drug reaction. Because of these
disadvantages synthetic and medicinal chemists have developed
numerous syntheses of Camptothecine [1][2][3] and various
derivatives to increase the benefits of the chemical, with good results.
In our method CPT analogues has be six steps starting from available
material DL Malic acid.
Abstract: In this paper we present a Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy
System (ANFIS) with inputs the lagged dependent variable for the
prediction of Gross domestic Product growth rate in six countries.
We compare the results with those of Autoregressive (AR) model.
We conclude that the forecasting performance of neuro-fuzzy-system
in the out-of-sample period is much more superior and can be a very
useful alternative tool used by the national statistical services and the
banking and finance industry.
Abstract: Hollywood has produced various blockbusters on the
subject of disasters. Entering the 2000s, disaster films began to be
produced in the East Asian region as well, and as most of them were
successful, disaster films have settled as a popular genre in the region.
East Asian disaster films utilize a plot structure similar to Hollywood
films but, at the same time, represent East Asian people-s unique value
system. East Asian people-s social behavior pattern defined as
collectivism is a characteristic that distinguishes this region from other
cultural regions. In order to examine Confucian culture in disaster
films on the premise of the difference, the author conducts this
research as follows.This study first reviews the concepts disaster and
disaster film, and understands the genre through analyzing the
narrative structure and style. In addition, it discusses collectivism, a
characteristic of the East Asian region distinguished from the West,
and investigates Confucian culture in films and examines differences
among Korean, Chinese and Japanese Confucianism. Films selected
for this study are Tidal Wave (Korea, 2009), After Shock (China,
2006), and The Sinking of Japan (Japan, 2006). Using the characters in
these films, we analyze how Confucian thought is described and
reproduced.
Abstract: The growth of open networks created the interest to
commercialise it. The establishment of an electronic business
mechanism must be accompanied by a digital – electronic payment
system to transfer the value of transactions. Financial organizations
are requested to offer a secure e-payment synthesis with equivalent
level of security served in conventional paper-based payment
transactions. PKI, which is functioning as a chain of trust in security
architecture, can enable security services of cryptography to epayments,
in order to take advantage of the wider base either of
customer or of trading partners and the reduction of cost transaction
achieved by the use of Internet channels. The paper addresses the
possibilities and the implementation suggestions of PKI in relevance
to electronic payments by suggesting a framework that should be
followed.
Abstract: One of the major parts of a jet engine is air intake,
which provides proper and required amount of air for the engine to
operate. There are several aerodynamic parameters which should be
considered in design, such as distortion, pressure recovery, etc. In
this research, the effects of lip ice accretion on pitot intake
performance are investigated. For ice accretion phenomenon, two
supervised multilayer neural networks (ANN) are designed, one for
ice shape prediction and another one for ice roughness estimation
based on experimental data. The Fourier coefficients of transformed
ice shape and parameters include velocity, liquid water content
(LWC), median volumetric diameter (MVD), spray time and
temperature are used in neural network training. Then, the subsonic
intake flow field is simulated numerically using 2D Navier-Stokes
equations and Finite Volume approach with Hybrid mesh includes
structured and unstructured meshes. The results are obtained in
different angles of attack and the variations of intake aerodynamic
parameters due to icing phenomenon are discussed. The results show
noticeable effects of ice accretion phenomenon on intake behavior.
Abstract: For a spatiotemporal database management system,
I/O cost of queries and other operations is an important performance
criterion. In order to optimize this cost, an intense research on
designing robust index structures has been done in the past decade.
With these major considerations, there are still other design issues
that deserve addressing due to their direct impact on the I/O cost.
Having said this, an efficient buffer management strategy plays a key
role on reducing redundant disk access. In this paper, we proposed an
efficient buffer strategy for a spatiotemporal database index
structure, specifically indexing objects moving over a network of
roads. The proposed strategy, namely MONPAR, is based on the data
type (i.e. spatiotemporal data) and the structure of the index
structure. For the purpose of an experimental evaluation, we set up a
simulation environment that counts the number of disk accesses
while executing a number of spatiotemporal range-queries over the
index. We reiterated simulations with query sets with different
distributions, such as uniform query distribution and skewed query
distribution. Based on the comparison of our strategy with wellknown
page-replacement techniques, like LRU-based and Prioritybased
buffers, we conclude that MONPAR behaves better than its
competitors for small and medium size buffers under all used query-distributions.