Abstract: Mobile learning (M-learning) is the current technology that is becoming more popular. It uses the current mobile and wireless computing technology to complement the effectiveness of traditional learning process. The objective of this paper is presents a survey from 90 undergraduate students of Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), to identify the students- perception on Mlearning. From the results, the students are willing to use M-learning. The acceptance level of the students is high, and the results obtained revealed that the respondents almost accept M-learning as one method of teaching and learning process and also able to improve the educational efficiency by complementing traditional learning in UTP.
Abstract: To support user mobility for a wireless network new mechanisms are needed and are fundamental, such as paging, location updating, routing, and handover. Also an important key feature is mobile QoS offered by the WATM. Several ATM network protocols should be updated to implement mobility management and to maintain the already ATM QoS over wireless ATM networks. A survey of the various schemes and types of handover is provided. Handover procedure allows guarantee the terminal connection reestablishment when it moves between areas covered by different base stations. It is useful to satisfy user radio link transfer without interrupting a connection. However, failure to offer efficient solutions will result in handover important packet loss, severe delays and degradation of QoS offered to the applications. This paper reviews the requirements, characteristics and open issues of wireless ATM, particularly with regard to handover. It introduces key aspects of WATM and mobility extensions, which are added in the fixed ATM network. We propose a flexible approach for handover management that will minimize the QoS deterioration. Functional entities of this flexible approach are discussed in order to achieve minimum impact on the connection quality when a MT crosses the BS.
Abstract: Due to the fast development of technology, the
competition of technological products is turbulent; therefore, it is
important to understand the market trend, consumers- demand and
preferences. As the smartphones are prevalent, the main purpose of
this paper is to utilize Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze
consumer-s purchase evaluation factors of smartphones. Through the
AHP expert questionnaire, the smartphones- main functions are
classified as “user interface", “mobile commerce functions",
“hardware and software specifications", “entertainment functions" and
“appearance and design", five aspects to analyze the weights. Then
four evaluation criteria are evaluated under each aspect to rank the
weights. Based on an analysis of data shows that consumers consider
when purchase factors are “hardware and software specifications",
“user interface", “appearance and design", “mobile commerce
functions" and “entertainment functions" in sequence. The “hardware
and software specifications" aspect obtains the weight of 33.18%; it is
the most important factor that consumers are taken into account. In
addition, the most important evaluation criteria are central processing
unit, operating system, touch screen, and battery function in sequence.
The results of the study can be adopted as reference data for mobile
phone manufacturers in the future on the design and marketing
strategy to satisfy the voice of customer.
Abstract: This study aims to investigate mechanical behavior of
deep-drawn cups consisting of aluminum (A1050)/ duralumin
(A2017) multi-layered clad structures with micro- and macro-scale
functional gradients. Such multi-layered clad structures are possibly
used for a new type of crash-boxes in automobiles to effectively
absorb the impact forces generated when automobiles having
collisions. The effect of heat treatments on microstructure,
compositional gradient, micro hardness in 2 and 6-layered aluminum/
duralumin clad structures, which were fabricated by hot rolling, have
been investigated. Impact compressive behavior of deep-drawn cups
consisting of such aluminum/ duralumin clad structures has been also
investigated in terms of energy absorption and maximum force.
Deep-drawn cups consisting of 6-layerd clad structures with microand
macro-scale functional gradients exhibit superior properties in
impact compressive tests.
Abstract: The increasing popularity of wireless technologies
and mobile computing devices has enabled new application areas and
research. One of these new areas is pervasive systems in urban
environments, because urban environments are characterized by high
concentration of these technologies and devices. In this paper we will
show the process of pervasive system design in urban environments,
using as use case a local zoo in Cali, Colombia. Based on an
ethnographic studio, we present the design of a pervasive system for
urban computing based on service oriented architecture to controlled
environment of Cali Zoo. In this paper, the reader will find a
methodological approach for the design of similar systems, using
data collection methods, conceptual frameworks for urban
environments and considerations of analysis and design of service
oriented systems.
Abstract: The mobile users with Laptops need to have an
efficient access to i.e. their home personal data or to the Internet from
any place in the world, regardless of their location or point of
attachment, especially while roaming outside the home subnet. An
efficient interpretation of packet losses problem that is encountered
from this roaming is to the centric of all aspects in this work, to be
over-highlighted. The main previous works, such as BER-systems,
Amigos, and ns-2 implementation that are considered to be in
conjunction with that problem under study are reviewed and
discussed. Their drawbacks and limitations, of stopping only at
monitoring, and not to provide an actual solution for eliminating or
even restricting these losses, are mentioned. Besides that, the
framework around which we built a Triple-R sequence as a costeffective
solution to eliminate the packet losses and bridge the gap
between subnets, an area that until now has been largely neglected, is
presented. The results show that, in addition to the high bit error rate
of wireless mobile networks, mainly the low efficiency of mobile-IP
registration procedure is a direct cause of these packet losses.
Furthermore, the output of packet losses interpretation resulted an
illustrated triangle of the registration process. This triangle should be
further researched and analyzed in our future work.
Abstract: Next generation wireless/mobile networks will be IP based cellular networks integrating the internet with cellular networks. In this paper, we propose a new architecture for a high speed transport system and a mobile management protocol for mobile internet users in a transport system. Existing mobility management protocols (MIPv6, HMIPv6) do not consider real world fast moving wireless hosts (e.g. passengers in a train). For this reason, we define a virtual organization (VO) and proposed the VO architecture for the transport system. We also classify mobility as VO mobility (intra VO) and macro mobility (inter VO). Handoffs in VO are locally managed and transparent to the CH while macro mobility is managed with Mobile IPv6. And, from the features of the transport system, such as fixed route and steady speed, we deduce the movement route and the handoff disruption time of each handoff. To reduce packet loss during handoff disruption time, we propose pre-registration scheme using pre-registration. Moreover, the proposed protocol can eliminate unnecessary binding updates resulting from sequence movement at high speed. The performance evaluations demonstrate our proposed protocol has a good performance at transport system environment. Our proposed protocol can be applied to the usage of wireless internet on the train, subway, and high speed train.
Abstract: It is important to provide possibility of so called
“handover" for the mobile subscriber from GSM network to Wi-Fi
network and back. To solve specified problem it is necessary to
estimate connection time between base station and wireless access
point. Difficulty to estimate this parameter is that it doesn-t described
in specifications of the standard and, hence, no recommended value
is given.
In this paper, the analytical model is presented that allows the
estimating connection time between base station and IEEE 802.11
access point.
Abstract: This paper presents an alternative strategy of queuing
handover called Pseudo Last Useful Instant PLUI scheme for Low
Earth Orbit Mobile Satellite Systems LEO MSSs. The PLUI scheme
uses the same approach as the Last Useful Instant LUI scheme
previously proposed in literature, with less complex implementation.
Simulation tests were carried out using Dynamic Channel Allocation
DCA in order to evaluate the performance of this scheme and also an
analytical approach has been presented to allow the performance
evaluation of Fixed Channel Allocation FCA, with different
handover queuing disciplines. The results show that performances
achieved by the proposed strategy are close to those achieved using
the LUI scheme.
Abstract: The mobile systems are powered by batteries.
Reducing the system power consumption is a key to increase its
autonomy. It is known that mostly the systems are dealing with time
varying signals. Thus, we aim to achieve power efficiency by smartly
adapting the system processing activity in accordance with the input
signal local characteristics. It is done by completely rethinking the
processing chain, by adopting signal driven sampling and processing.
In this context, a signal driven filtering technique, based on the level
crossing sampling is devised. It adapts the sampling frequency and
the filter order by analysing the input signal local variations. Thus, it
correlates the processing activity with the signal variations. It leads
towards a drastic computational gain of the proposed technique
compared to the classical one.
Abstract: Recently, there are significant improvements in the
capabilities of mobile devices; rendering large terrain is tedious
because of the constraint in resources of mobile devices. This
paper focuses on the implementation of terrain rendering on
mobile device to observe some issues and current constraints
occurred. Experiments are performed using two datasets with
results based on rendering speed and appearance to ascertain both
the issues and constraints. The result shows a downfall of frame
rate performance because of the increase of triangles. Since the
resolution between computer and mobile device is different, the
terrain surface on mobile device looks more unrealistic compared
to on a computer. Thus, more attention in the development of
terrain rendering on mobile devices is required. The problems
highlighted in this paper will be the focus of future research and
will be a great importance for 3D visualization on mobile device.
Abstract: In this paper, we proposed a new framework to incorporate an intelligent agent software robot into a crisis communication portal (CCNet) in order to send alert news to subscribed users via email and other mobile services such as Short Message Service (SMS), Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and General Packet Radio Services (GPRS). The content on the mobile services can be delivered either through mobile phone or Personal Digital Assistance (PDA). This research has shown that with our proposed framework, the embodied conversation agents system can handle questions intelligently with our multilayer architecture. At the same time, the extended framework can take care of delivery content through a more humanoid interface on mobile devices.
Abstract: In mobile computing environments, there are many
new non existing problems in the distributed system, which is
consisted of stationary hosts because of host mobility, sudden
disconnection by handoff in wireless networks, voluntary
disconnection for efficient power consumption of a mobile host, etc.
To solve the problems, we proposed the architecture of Partial
Connection Manager (PCM) in this paper. PCM creates the limited
number of mobile agents according to priority, sends them in parallel
to servers, and combines the results to process the user request rapidly.
In applying the proposed PCM to the mobile market agent service, we
understand that the mobile agent technique could be suited for the
mobile computing environment and the partial connection problem
management.
Abstract: The advancement in wireless technology with the wide
use of mobile devices have drawn the attention of the research and
technological communities towards wireless environments, such as
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Wireless Wide Area
Networks (WWANs), and mobile systems and ad-hoc networks.
Unfortunately, wired and wireless networks are expressively different
in terms of link reliability, bandwidth, and time of propagation delay
and by adapting new solutions for these enhanced
telecommunications, superior quality, efficiency, and opportunities
will be provided where wireless communications were otherwise
unfeasible. Some researchers define 4G as a significant improvement
of 3G, where current cellular network’s issues will be solved and data
transfer will play a more significant role. For others, 4G unifies
cellular and wireless local area networks, and introduces new routing
techniques, efficient solutions for sharing dedicated frequency bands,
and an increased mobility and bandwidth capacity. This paper
discusses the possible solutions and enhancements probabilities that
proposed to improve the performance of Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) over different wireless networks and also the paper
investigated each approach in term of advantages and disadvantages.
Abstract: Revolutions Applications such as telecommunications, hands-free communications, recording, etc. which need at least one microphone, the signal is usually infected by noise and echo. The important application is the speech enhancement, which is done to remove suppressed noises and echoes taken by a microphone, beside preferred speech. Accordingly, the microphone signal has to be cleaned using digital signal processing DSP tools before it is played out, transmitted, or stored. Engineers have so far tried different approaches to improving the speech by get back the desired speech signal from the noisy observations. Especially Mobile communication, so in this paper will do reconstruction of the speech signal, observed in additive background noise, using the Kalman filter technique to estimate the parameters of the Autoregressive Process (AR) in the state space model and the output speech signal obtained by the MATLAB. The accurate estimation by Kalman filter on speech would enhance and reduce the noise then compare and discuss the results between actual values and estimated values which produce the reconstructed signals.
Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have attracted the attention of many researchers. This has resulted in their rapid integration in very different areas such as precision agriculture,environmental monitoring, object and event detection and military surveillance. Due to the current WSN characteristics this technology is specifically useful in industrial areas where security, reliability and autonomy are basic, such as nuclear power plants, chemical plants, and others. In this paper we present a system based on WSNs to monitor environmental conditions around and inside a nuclear power plant, specifically, radiation levels. Sensor nodes, equipped with radiation sensors, are deployed in fixed positions throughout the plant. In addition, plant staff are also equipped with mobile devices with higher capabilities than sensors such as for example PDAs able to monitor radiation levels and other conditions around them. The system enables communication between PDAs, which form a Mobile Ad-hoc Wireless Network (MANET), and allows workers to monitor remote conditions in the plant. It is particularly useful during stoppage periods for inspection or in the event of an accident to prevent risk situations.
Abstract: A mobile ad hoc network is a network of mobile nodes
without any notion of centralized administration. In such a network,
each mobile node behaves not only as a host which runs applications
but also as a router to forward packets on behalf of others. Clustering
has been applied to routing protocols to achieve efficient
communications. A CH network expresses the connected relationship
among cluster-heads. This paper discusses the methods for
constructing a CH network, and produces the following results: (1)
The required running costs of 3 traditional methods for constructing a
CH network are not so different from each other in the static
circumstance, or in the dynamic circumstance. Their running costs in
the static circumstance do not differ from their costs in the dynamic
circumstance. Meanwhile, although the routing costs required for the
above 3 methods are not so different in the static circumstance, the
costs are considerably different from each other in the dynamic
circumstance. Their routing costs in the static circumstance are also
very different from their costs in the dynamic circumstance, and the
former is one tenths of the latter. The routing cost in the dynamic
circumstance is mostly the cost for re-routing. (2) On the strength of
the above results, we discuss new 2 methods regarding whether they
are tolerable or not in the dynamic circumstance, that is, whether the
times of re-routing are small or not. These new methods are revised
methods that are based on the traditional methods. We recommended
the method which produces the smallest routing cost in the dynamic
circumstance, therefore producing the smallest total cost.
Abstract: With the rapid usage of portable devices mobility in
IP networks becomes more important issue in the recent years. IETF
standardized Mobile IP that works in Network Layer, which involves
tunneling of IP packets from HA to Foreign Agent. Mobile IP suffers
many problems of Triangular Routing, conflict with private
addressing scheme, increase in load in HA, need of permanent home
IP address, tunneling itself, and so on. In this paper, we proposed
mobility management in Application Layer protocol SIP and show
some comparative analysis between Mobile IP and SIP in context of
mobility.
Abstract: SeqWord Gene Island Sniffer, a new program for
the identification of mobile genetic elements in sequences of bacterial chromosomes is presented. This program is based on the
analysis of oligonucleotide usage variations in DNA sequences. 3,518 mobile genetic elements were identified in 637 bacterial
genomes and further analyzed by sequence similarity and the
functionality of encoded proteins. The results of this study are stored in an open database http://anjie.bi.up.ac.za/geidb/geidbhome.
php). The developed computer program and the database provide the information valuable for further investigation of the
distribution of mobile genetic elements and virulence factors among bacteria. The program is available for download at www.bi.up.ac.za/SeqWord/sniffer/index.html.
Abstract: The ARMrayan Multimedia Mobile CMS (Content
Management System) is the first mobile CMS that gives the
opportunity to users for creating multimedia J2ME mobile
applications with their desired content, design and logo; simply,
without any need for writing even a line of code. The low-level
programming and compatibility problems of the J2ME, along with
UI designing difficulties, makes it hard for most people –even
programmers- to broadcast their content to the widespread mobile
phones used by nearly all people. This system provides user-friendly,
PC-based tools for creating a tree index of pages and inserting
multiple multimedia contents (e.g. sound, video and picture) in each
page for creating a J2ME mobile application. The output is a standalone
Java mobile application that has a user interface, shows texts
and pictures and plays music and videos regardless of the type of
devices used as long as the devices support the J2ME platform.
Bitmap fonts have also been used thus Middle Eastern languages can
be easily supported on all mobile phone devices. We omitted
programming concepts for users in order to simplify multimedia
content-oriented mobile applictaion designing for use in educational,
cultural or marketing centers. Ordinary operators can now create a
variety of multimedia mobile applications such as tutorials,
catalogues, books, and guides in minutes rather than months.
Simplicity and power has been the goal of this CMS. In this paper,
we present the software engineered-designed concepts of the
ARMrayan MCMS along with the implementation challenges faces
and solutions adapted.