Abstract: Molodstov-s soft sets theory was originally proposed
as general mathematical tool for dealing with uncertainty problems. The matrix form has been introduced in soft set and some of its
properties have been discussed. However, the formulation of soft
matrix in group decision making problem only with equal importance
weights of criteria, which does not show the true opinion of decision maker on each criteria. The aim of this paper is to propose a method
for solving group decision making problem incorporating the importance of criteria by using soft matrices in a more objective manner. The weight of each criterion is calculated by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. An example of house
selection process is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Abstract: This paper is taken into consideration the problem of cryptanalysis of stream ciphers. There is some attempts need to improve the existing attacks on stream cipher and to make an attempt to distinguish the portions of cipher text obtained by the encryption of plain text in which some parts of the text are random and the rest are non-random. This paper presents a tutorial introduction to symmetric cryptography. The basic information theoretic and computational properties of classic and modern cryptographic systems are presented, followed by an examination of the application of cryptography to the security of VoIP system in computer networks using LFSR algorithm. The implementation program will be developed Java 2. LFSR algorithm is appropriate for the encryption and decryption of online streaming data, e.g. VoIP (voice chatting over IP). This paper is implemented the encryption module of speech signals to cipher text and decryption module of cipher text to speech signals.
Abstract: Polyurethanes (PURs) are very versatile polymeric
materials with a wide range of physical and chemical properties.
PURs have desirable properties such as high abrasion resistance, tear
strength, shock absorption, flexibility and elasticity. Although they
have relatively poor thermal stability, this can be improved by using
treated clay. Polyurethane/clay nanocomposites have been
synthesized from renewable sources. A polyol for the production of
polyurethane by reaction with an isocyanate was obtained by the
synthesis of palm oil-based oleic acid with glycerol. Dodecylbenzene
sulfonic acid (DBSA) was used as catalyst and emulsifier. The
unmodified clay (kunipia-F) was treated with cetyltrimethyl
ammonium bromide (CTAB-mont) and octadodecylamine (ODAmont).
The d-spacing in CTAB-mont and ODA-mont were 1.571 nm
and 1.798 nm respectively and larger than that of the pure-mont
(1.142 nm). The organoclay was completely intercalated in the
polyurethane, as confirmed by a wide angle x-ray diffraction
(WAXD) pattern.
The results showed that adding clay demonstrated better thermal
stability in comparison with the virgin polyurethane. Onset
degradation of pure PU is at 200oC, and is lower than that of the
CTAB-mont PU and ODA-mont PU which takes place at about
318oC and 330oC, respectively. The mechanical properties (including
the dynamic mechanical properties) of pure polyurethane (PU) and
PU/clay nanocomposites, were measured. The modified organoclay
had a remarkably beneficial effect on the strength and elongation at
break of the nanocomposites, which both increased with increasing
clay content with the increase of the tensile strength of more than
214% and 267% by the addition of only 5 wt% of the
montmorillonite CTAB-mont PU and ODA-mont PU, respectively.
Abstract: Development of intelligent assembly cell conception includes new solution kind of how to create structures of automated and flexible assembly system. The current trend of the final product quality increasing is affected by time analysis of the entire manufacturing process. The primary requirement of manufacturing is to produce as many products as soon as possible, at the lowest possible cost, but of course with the highest quality. Such requirements may be satisfied only if all the elements entering and affecting the production cycle are in a fully functional condition. These elements consist of sensory equipment and intelligent control elements that are essential for building intelligent manufacturing systems. Intelligent behavior of the system as the control system will repose on monitoring of important parameters of the system in the real time. Intelligent manufacturing system itself should be a system that can flexibly respond to changes in entering and exiting the process in interaction with the surroundings.
Abstract: Ionic liquids are well known as green solvents, reaction media and catalysis. Here, three different sulfonic acid functional ionic liquids prepared in the laboratory are used as catalysts in alkylation of p-cresol with tert-butyl alcohol. The kinetics on each of the catalysts was compared and a kinetic model was developed based on the product distribution over these catalysts. The kinetic parameters were estimated using Marquadt's algorithm to minimize the error function. The Arrhenius plots show a curvature which is best interpreted by the extended Arrhenius equation.
Abstract: The paper presents the case study of hazard
identification and sensitivity of potential resource of emergency
water supply as part of the application of methodology classifying
the resources of drinking water for emergency supply of population.
The case study has been carried out on a selected resource of
emergency water supply in one region of the Czech Republic. The
hazard identification and sensitivity of potential resource of
emergency water supply is based on a unique procedure and
developed general registers of selected types of hazards and
sensitivities. The registers have been developed with the help of the
“Fault Tree Analysis” method in combination with the “What if
method”. The identified hazards for the assessed resource include
hailstorms and torrential rains, drought, soil erosion, accidents of
farm machinery, and agricultural production. The developed registers
of hazards and vulnerabilities and a semi-quantitative assessment of
hazards for individual parts of hydrological structure and
technological elements of presented drilled wells are the basis for a
semi-quantitative risk assessment of potential resource of emergency
supply of population and the subsequent classification of such
resource within the system of crisis planning.
Abstract: The results obtained after incorporating the competence “creativity" to the subject Technical Drawing of the first course of the Degree in Forestry, Technical University of Madrid, are presented in this study.At first, learning activities which could serve two functions at the same time -developing students- creativity and developing other specific competences of the subject- were considered. Besides, changes in the assessment procedure were made and a method which analyzes two aspects of the assessment of the competence creativity was established. On the one hand, the products are evaluated by analyzing the outcomes obtained by students in the essays suggested and by establishing a parameter to assess the creativity expressed in those essays. On the other, an assessment of the student is directly carried out through a psychometric test which has been previously chosen by the team.Moreover, these results can be applied to similar or could be of general application.
Abstract: Cassava is one of the top five crops in Cameroon. Its
evolution has remained constant since the independence period and
the production has more than tripled. It is a crop with multiple
industrial capacities but the sector-s business opportunities are
underexploited. Using Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and
Threats analysis method, this paper examines the cassava actual state.
It appraises the sector-s strengths (S), considers suitable measures to
strengthen weaknesses (W), evaluates strategies to fully benefit from
the sector numerous business opportunities (O) and explore means to
convert threats (T) into opportunities. Data were collected from the
ministry of agriculture and rural development and different actors.
The results show that cassava sector embodies many business
opportunities and stands as a raw material provider for many
industries but ultimately requires challenges to be tackled
appropriately.
Abstract: This paper addresses linear quadratic regulation (LQR)
for variable speed variable pitch wind turbines. Because of the
inherent nonlinearity of wind turbine, a set of operating conditions is
identified and then a LQR controller is designed for each operating
point. The feedback controller gains are then interpolated linearly to
get control law for the entire operating region. Besides, the
aerodynamic torque and effective wind speed are estimated online to
get the gain-scheduling variable for implementing the controller. The
potential of the method is verified through simulation with the help of
MATLAB/Simulink and GH Bladed. The performance and
mechanical load when using LQR are also compared with that when
using PI controller.
Abstract: The peel of dragon fruit is a byproduct left over after consuming. Normally, the use of plants as antioxidant source must be dried before further process. Therefore, the aim of this study is interesting to dry the peel by heat pump dryer (45 ºC) and fluidized bed dryer (110 º C) compared with the sun drying method. The sample with initial moisture content of about 85-91% wet basis was dried down to about 10% wet basis where it took 620 and 25 min for heat pump dryer and fluidized bed dryer, respectively. However, the sun drying took about 900 min to dry the peel. After that, sample was evaluated antioxidant activity, -carotene and betalains contents. The results found that the antioxidant activity and betalains contents of dried peel obtained from heat pump and fluidized bed dryings were significantly higher than that sun drying (p 0.05). Moreover, the drying by heat pump provided the highest -carotene content.
Abstract: Evolvable hardware (EHW) refers to a selfreconfiguration
hardware design, where the configuration is under
the control of an evolutionary algorithm (EA). A lot of research has
been done in this area several different EA have been introduced.
Every time a specific EA is chosen for solving a particular problem,
all its components, such as population size, initialization, selection
mechanism, mutation rate, and genetic operators, should be selected
in order to achieve the best results. In the last three decade a lot of
research has been carried out in order to identify the best parameters
for the EA-s components for different “test-problems". However
different researchers propose different solutions. In this paper the
behaviour of mutation rate on (1+λ) evolution strategy (ES) for
designing logic circuits, which has not been done before, has been
deeply analyzed. The mutation rate for an EHW system modifies
values of the logic cell inputs, the cell type (for example from AND
to NOR) and the circuit output. The behaviour of the mutation has
been analyzed based on the number of generations, genotype
redundancy and number of logic gates used for the evolved circuits.
The experimental results found provide the behaviour of the mutation
rate to be used during evolution for the design and optimization of
logic circuits. The researches on the best mutation rate during the last
40 years are also summarized.
Abstract: This paper invites to dialogue and reflections on
innovation and entrepreneurship by presenting concepts of innovation
leading to the introduction of a complex theoretical framework;
Cooperative Innovation (CO-IN). CO-IN is a didactic model
enhancing and scaffolding processes of cooperation creating
innovation drawing on a Scandinavian tradition.
CO-IN is based on a cross-sectorial and multidisciplinary
approach. We introduce the concept of complementarity to help
capture the validity of diversity and we suggest the concept of “the
space in between" to understand the creation of identity as a
collective mind. We see dialogue and the use of multi modal
techniques as essential tools for conceptualizations giving possibility
for clarification of the complexity and diversity leading to decision
making based on knowledge as commons.
We introduce the didactic design and present our empirical
findings from an innovation workshop in Argentina. In a final
paragraph we reflect on the design as a support of the development of
common ground, collective mind and collective action and the
creation of knowledge as commons to facilitate innovation and
entrepreneurship.
Abstract: The overriding goal of software engineering is to
provide a high quality system, application or a product. To achieve
this goal, software engineers must apply effective methods coupled
with modern tools within the context of a mature software process
[2]. In addition, it is also must to assure that high quality is realized.
Although many quality measures can be collected at the project
levels, the important measures are errors and defects. Deriving a
quality measure for reusable components has proven to be
challenging task now a days. The results obtained from the study are
based on the empirical evidence of reuse practices, as emerged from
the analysis of industrial projects. Both large and small companies,
working in a variety of business domains, and using object-oriented
and procedural development approaches contributed towards this
study. This paper proposes a quality metric that provides benefit at
both project and process level, namely defect removal efficiency
(DRE).
Abstract: In this paper we present the modeling, design, and
experimental testing of a nerve cuff multi-electrode system for
diameter-selective vagus nerve stimulation.
The multi-electrode system contained ninety-nine platinum
electrodes embedded within a self-curling spiral silicone sheet. The
electrodes were organized in a matrix having nine parallel groups,
each containing eleven electrodes.
Preliminary testing of the nerve cuff was performed in an isolated
segment of a swinish left cervical vagus nerve. For selective vagus
nerve stimulation, precisely defined current quasitrapezoidal,
asymmetric and biphasic stimulating pulses were applied to
preselected locations along the left vagus segment via appointed
group of three electrodes within the cuff. Selective stimulation was
obtained by anodal block. However, these pulses may not be safe for
a long-term application because of a frequently used high imbalance
between the cathodic and anodic part of the stimulating pulse.
Preliminary results show that the cuff was capable of exciting A
and B-fibres, and, that for a certain range of parameters used in
stimulating pulses, the contribution of A-fibres to the CAP was
slightly reduced and the contribution of B-fibres was slightly larger.
Results also showed that measured CAPs are not greatly
influenced by the imbalance between a charge Qc injected in cathodic
and Qa in anodic phase of quasitrapezoidal, asymmetric and biphasic
pulses.
Abstract: Our results showed that treatment with both
cyclooxygenase (COX1 or COX2) inhibitors impair reproduction
parameters of the medaka. Resveratrol (COX1 inhibitor) caused an
decrease in the number of spawning females at the first week of
feeding fish with experimental diets. In the group treated with NS-
398 (COX2 inhibitor) we found the lowest sperm velocity parameters
and decreased linearity of movement. The ovaries of the medaka fed
feed supplemented with Resveratrol or NS-398 were confirmed to
have a lower share of matured oocytes however during the
experiment (four weeks) the number of eggs spawned by females was
similar. Both inhibitors in fish diet (20 mg/kg body weight/day)
caused a decrease in the embryo survival. Our results revealed that
for the medaka female reproduction, activity of both COX enzymes
might be necessary whereas males reproduction competence, as
expressed by sperm motility parameters, might be related to COX2
activity.
Abstract: One of the most important parts of a cement factory is
the cement rotary kiln which plays a key role in quality and quantity of produced cement. In this part, the physical exertion and bilateral
movement of air and materials, together with chemical reactions take
place. Thus, this system has immensely complex and nonlinear dynamic equations. These equations have not worked out yet. Only
in exceptional case; however, a large number of the involved parameter were crossed out and an approximation model was
presented instead. This issue caused many problems for designing a
cement rotary kiln controller. In this paper, we presented nonlinear predictor and simulator models for a real cement rotary kiln by using
nonlinear identification technique on the Locally Linear Neuro-
Fuzzy (LLNF) model. For the first time, a simulator model as well as
a predictor one with a precise fifteen minute prediction horizon for a
cement rotary kiln is presented. These models are trained by
LOLIMOT algorithm which is an incremental tree-structure
algorithm. At the end, the characteristics of these models are expressed. Furthermore, we presented the pros and cons of these
models. The data collected from White Saveh Cement Company is used for modeling.
Abstract: This paper describes a platform that faces the main
research areas for e-learning educational contents. Reusability tackles
the possibility to use contents in different courses reducing costs and
exploiting available data from repositories. In our approach the
production of educational material is based on templates to reuse
learning objects. In terms of interoperability the main challenge lays
on reaching the audience through different platforms. E-learning
solution must track social consumption evolution where nowadays
lots of multimedia contents are accessed through the social networks.
Our work faces it by implementing a platform for generation of
multimedia presentations focused on the new paradigm related to
social media. The system produces videos-courses on top of web
standard SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language)
ready to be published and shared. Regarding interfaces it is
mandatory to satisfy user needs and ease communication. To
overcome it the platform deploys virtual teachers that provide natural
interfaces while multimodal features remove barriers to pupils with
disabilities.
Abstract: Subdivision surfaces were applied to the entire
meshes in order to produce smooth surfaces refinement from coarse
mesh. Several schemes had been introduced in this area to provide a
set of rules to converge smooth surfaces. However, to compute and
render all the vertices are really inconvenient in terms of memory
consumption and runtime during the subdivision process. It will lead
to a heavy computational load especially at a higher level of
subdivision. Adaptive subdivision is a method that subdivides only at
certain areas of the meshes while the rest were maintained less
polygons. Although adaptive subdivision occurs at the selected areas,
the quality of produced surfaces which is their smoothness can be
preserved similar as well as regular subdivision. Nevertheless,
adaptive subdivision process burdened from two causes; calculations
need to be done to define areas that are required to be subdivided and
to remove cracks created from the subdivision depth difference
between the selected and unselected areas. Unfortunately, the result
of adaptive subdivision when it reaches to the higher level of
subdivision, it still brings the problem with memory consumption.
This research brings to iterative process of adaptive subdivision to
improve the previous adaptive method that will reduce memory
consumption applied on triangular mesh. The result of this iterative
process was acceptable better in memory and appearance in order to
produce fewer polygons while it preserves smooth surfaces.
Abstract: Inventory decisional environment of short life-cycle
products is full of uncertainties arising from randomness and
fuzziness of input parameters like customer demand requiring
modeling under hybrid uncertainty. Prior inventory models
incorporating fuzzy demand have unfortunately ignored stochastic
variation of demand. This paper determines an unambiguous optimal
order quantity from a set of n fuzzy observations in a newsvendor
inventory setting in presence of fuzzy random variable demand
capturing both fuzzy perception and randomness of customer
demand. The stress of this paper is in providing solution procedure
that attains optimality in two steps with demand information
availability in linguistic phrases leading to fuzziness along with
stochastic variation. The first step of solution procedure identifies
and prefers one best fuzzy opinion out of all expert opinions and the
second step determines optimal order quantity from the selected
event that maximizes profit. The model and solution procedure is
illustrated with a numerical example.
Abstract: Antibacterial activity of Plumeria alba (Frangipani)
petals methanolic extracts were evaluated against Escherichia coli,
Proteus vulgaris,Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Enterococcus faecalis and Serratia marcescens by using disk
diffusion method. Concentration extracts (80 %) showed the highest
inhibition zone towards Escherichia coli (14.3 mm). Frangipani
extract also showed high antibacterial activity against
Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Proteus vulgaris and Serratia
marcescens, but not more than the zones of the positive control used.
Comparison between two broad specrum antibiotics to frangipani
extracts showed that the 80 % concentration extracts produce the
same zone of inhibition as Streptomycin. Frangipani extracts showed
no bacterial activity towards Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis. There are differences in the
sensitivity of different bacteria to frangipani extracts, suggesting that
frangipani-s potency varies between these bacteria. The present
results indicate that frangipani showed significant antibacterial
activity especially to Escherichia coli.