Abstract: In this study, the thermal and mechanical properties of
basalt fibre reinforced concrete were investigated. The volume
fractions of basalt fibre of (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5% by total mix
volume) were used. Properties such as heat transfer, compressive and
splitting tensile strengths were examined. Results indicated that the
strength increases with increase the fibre content till 0.3% then there
is a slight reduction when 0.5% fibre used. Lower amount of heat
conducted through the thickness of concrete specimens than the
conventional concrete was also recorded.
Abstract: In this work, we present a comparison between two
techniques of image compression. In the first case, the image is
divided in blocks which are collected according to zig-zag scan. In
the second one, we apply the Fast Cosine Transform to the image,
and then the transformed image is divided in blocks which are
collected according to zig-zag scan too. Later, in both cases, the
Karhunen-Loève transform is applied to mentioned blocks. On the
other hand, we present three new metrics based on eigenvalues for a
better comparative evaluation of the techniques. Simulations show
that the combined version is the best, with minor Mean Absolute
Error (MAE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE), higher Peak Signal to
Noise Ratio (PSNR) and better image quality. Finally, new technique
was far superior to JPEG and JPEG2000.
Abstract: Effectiveness and efficiency of food distribution is necessary to maintain food security in a region. Food supply varies among regions depending on their production capacity; therefore, it is necessary to regulate food distribution. Sea transportation could play a great role in the food distribution system. To play this role and to support transportation needs in the Eastern Indonesia, sea transportation shall be supported by fleet which is adequate and reliable, both in terms of load and worthiness. This research uses Linear Programming (LP) method to analyze food distribution pattern in order to determine the optimal distribution system. In this research, transshipment points have been selected for regions in one province. Comparison between result of modeling and existing shipping route reveals that from 369 existing routes, 54 routes are used for transporting rice, corn, green bean, peanut, soybean, sweet potato, and cassava.
Abstract: The paper presents the results of the European EIE
project “Realising the potential for small scale renewable energy
sources in the home – Kyotointhehome". The project's global aim is
to inform and educate teachers, students and their families so that
they can realise the need and can assess the potential for energy
efficiency (EE) measures and renewable energy sources (RES) in
their homes. The project resources were translated and trialled by 16
partners in 10 European countries.
A web-based methodology which will enable families to assess
how RES can be incorporated into energy efficient homes was
accomplished. The web application “KYOTOINHOME" will help
the citizens to identify what they can do to help their community
meet the Kyoto target for greenhouse gas reductions and prevent
global warming. This application provides useful information on how
the citizens can use renewable energy sources in their home to
provide space heating and cooling, hot water and electricity. A
methodology for assessing heat loss in a dwelling and application of
heat pump system was elaborated and will be implemented this year.
For schools, we developed a set of practical activities concerned with
preventing climate change through using renewable energy sources.
Complementary resources will also developed in the Romanian
research project “Romania Contribution to the European Targets
Regarding the Development of Renewable Energy Sources" -
PROMES.
Abstract: The paper presents a novel idea to control computer
mouse cursor movement with human eyes. In this paper, a working
of the product has been described as to how it helps the special
people share their knowledge with the world. Number of traditional
techniques such as Head and Eye Movement Tracking Systems etc.
exist for cursor control by making use of image processing in which
light is the primary source. Electro-oculography (EOG) is a new
technology to sense eye signals with which the mouse cursor can be
controlled. The signals captured using sensors, are first amplified,
then noise is removed and then digitized, before being transferred to
PC for software interfacing.
Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding and
regulatory RNAs about 20 to 24 nucleotides long. Their conserved
nature among the various organisms makes them a good source of
new miRNAs discovery by comparative genomics approach. The
study resulted in 21 miRNAs of 20 pre-miRNAs belonging to 16
families (miR156, 157, 158, 164, 165, 168, 169, 172, 319, 390, 393,
394, 395, 400, 472 and 861) in evergreen spruce tree (Picea). The
miRNA families; miR 157, 158, 164, 165, 168, 169, 319, 390, 393,
394, 400, 472 and 861 are reported for the first time in the Picea. All
20 miRNA precursors form stable minimum free energy stem-loop
structure as their orthologues form in Arabidopsis and the mature
miRNA reside in the stem portion of the stem loop structure. Sixteen
(16) miRNAs are from Picea glauca and five (5) belong to Picea
sitchensis. Their targets consist of transcription factors, growth
related, stressed related and hypothetical proteins.
Abstract: In this study, we have defined slant helix according to
Bishop frame in Euclidean 3-Space. Furthermore, we have given
some necassary and sufficient conditons for the slant helix.
Abstract: Construction of tunnels is connected with high
uncertainty in the field of costs, construction period, safety and
impact on surroundings. Risk management became therefore a
common part of tunnel projects, especially after a set of fatal
collapses occurred in 1990's. Such collapses are caused usually by
combination of factors that can be divided into three main groups, i.e.
unfavourable geological conditions, failures in the design and
planning or failures in the execution.
This paper suggests a procedure enabling quantification of the
excavation risk related to extraordinary accidents using FTA and
ETA tools. It will elaborate on a common process of risk analysis and
enable the transfer of information and experience between particular
tunnel construction projects. Further, it gives a guide for designers,
management and other participants, how to deal with risk of such
accidents and how to make qualified decisions based on a
probabilistic approach.
Abstract: In this work, we experimentally study heat transfer
from exhaust particulate air of detergent spray drying tower to water
by using coiled tube heat exchanger. Water flows in the coiled
tubes, where air loaded with detergent particles of 43 micrometers
in diameter flows within the shell. Four coiled tubes with different
coil pitches are used in a counter-current flow configuration. We
investigate heat transfer coefficients of inside and outside the heat
transfer surfaces through 400 experiments. The correlations between
Nusselt number and Reynolds number, Prandtl number, mass flow
rate of particulates to mass flow rate of air ratio and coiled tube
pitch parameter are proposed. The correlations procured can be used
to predicted heat transfer between tube and shell of the heat
exchanger.
Abstract: Short circuit currents plays a vital role in influencing the design and operation of equipment and power system and could not be avoided despite careful planning and design, good maintenance and thorough operation of the system. This paper discusses the short circuit analysis conducted in KSO briefly comprising of its significances, methods and results. A result sample of the analysis based on a single transformer is detailed in this paper. Furthermore, the results of the analysis and its significances were also discussed and commented.
Abstract: Phase locked loops for data links operating at 10 Gb/s
or faster are low phase noise devices designed to operate with a low
jitter reference clock. Characterization of their jitter transfer function
is difficult because the intrinsic noise of the device is comparable to
the random noise level in the reference clock signal. A linear model
is proposed to account for the intrinsic noise of a PLL. The intrinsic
noise data of a PLL for 10 Gb/s links is presented. The jitter transfer
function of a PLL in a test chip for 12.8 Gb/s data links was
determined in experiments using the 400 MHz reference clock as the
source of simultaneous excitations over a wide range of frequency.
The result shows that the PLL jitter transfer function can be
approximated by a second order linear model.
Abstract: With the advantage of wireless network technology,
there are a variety of mobile applications which make the issue of
wireless sensor networks as a popular research area in recent years.
As the wireless sensor network nodes move arbitrarily with the
topology fast change feature, mobile nodes are often confronted with
the void issue which will initiate packet losing, retransmitting,
rerouting, additional transmission cost and power consumption.
When transmitting packets, we would not predict void problem
occurring in advance. Thus, how to improve geographic routing with
void avoidance in wireless networks becomes an important issue. In
this paper, we proposed a greedy geographical void routing algorithm
to solve the void problem for wireless sensor networks. We use the
information of source node and void area to draw two tangents to
form a fan range of the existence void which can announce voidavoiding
message. Then we use source and destination nodes to draw
a line with an angle of the fan range to select the next forwarding
neighbor node for routing. In a dynamic wireless sensor network
environment, the proposed greedy void avoiding algorithm can be
more time-saving and more efficient to forward packets, and improve
current geographical void problem of wireless sensor networks.
Abstract: Power-line networks are widely used today for broadband data transmission. However, due to multipaths within the broadband power line communication (BPLC) systems owing to stochastic changes in the network load impedances, branches, etc., network or channel capacity performances are affected. This paper attempts to investigate the performance of typical medium voltage channels that uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) techniques with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) sub carriers. It has been observed that when the load impedances are different from line characteristic impedance channel performance decreases. Also as the number of branches in the link between the transmitter and receiver increases a loss of 4dB/branch is found in the signal to noise ratio (SNR). The information presented in the paper could be useful for an appropriate design of the BPLC systems.
Abstract: This paper presents an idea to improve the efficiency
of security checks in airports through the active tracking and
monitoring of passengers and staff using OFDM modulation
technique and Finger print authentication. The details of the
passenger are multiplexed using OFDM .To authenticate the
passenger, the fingerprint along with important identification
information is collected. The details of the passenger can be
transmitted after necessary modulation, and received using various
transceivers placed within the premises of the airport, and checked at
the appropriate check points, thereby increasing the efficiency of
checking. OFDM has been employed for spectral efficiency.
Abstract: Voltage flicker is a disturbance in electrical power
systems. The reason for this disturbance is mainly the large nonlinear
loads such as electric arc furnaces. Synchronous static
compensator (STATCOM) is considered as a proper technique to
mitigate the voltage flicker. Application of more suitable and precise
power electronic converter leads to a more precise performance of the
compensator. In this paper a three-level 12-pulse voltage source
inverter (VSI) with a 12-terminal transformer connected to the ac
system is studied and the obtained results are compared with the
performance of a STATCOM using a simple two-level VSI and an
optimal and more precise performance of the proposed scheme is
achieved.
Abstract: This paper proposes an efficient lattice-reduction-aided
detection (LRD) scheme to improve the detection performance of
MIMO-OFDM system. In this proposed scheme, V candidate symbols
are considered at the first layer, and V probable streams are
detected with LRD scheme according to the first detected V candidate
symbols. Then, the most probable stream is selected through a ML
test. Since the proposed scheme can more accurately detect initial
symbol and can reduce transmission of error to rest symbols, the
proposed scheme shows more improved performance than conventional
LRD with very low complexity.
Abstract: The goal of this paper is to find Wardrop equilibrium
in transport networks at case of uncertainty situations, where the
uncertainty comes from lack of information. We use simulation tool
to find the equilibrium, which gives only approximate solution, but
this is sufficient for large networks as well. In order to take the
uncertainty into account we have developed an interval-based
procedure for finding the paths with minimal cost using the
Dempster-Shafer theory. Furthermore we have investigated the users-
behaviors using game theory approach, because their path choices
influence the costs of the other users- paths.
Abstract: In vitro plant regeneration has been successfully obtained from basal shoot explant of Vetiveria zizanioides through indirect organogenesis. The explant was cultured in Murashige & Skoog’s (MS) media supplemented with 2,4-D, IAA, and kinetin in various concentrations. Callus was well induced in media supplemented with 2 ppm 2,4-D, 1 ppm IAA, and 1 ppm kinetin. This callus was then transferred to MS media supplemented with 1 - 5 ppm of BAP for shoot regeneration. The media supplemented with 3 ppm BAP was a suitable medium for shoot induction, as well as for shoot multiplication. Rooting was well developed in shoot following transferred to half MS media containing 0.2 ppm IBA. Plantlet was then transferred to husk charcoal for acclimatization, and almost all (90%) of plantlets were survived during acclimatization.
Abstract: Suburban area is an important area to the development of a city and a country. Russias economy is going through major transitions. These transitions are rapidly changing the relationship between cities (urban areas), countryside (rural areas) and the development, growth, and popularity of suburbia. The process of suburbanization takes place in biggest cities of Russia, including Krasnoyarsk City. The modern Krasnoyarsk with a population of about 1mln people occupies the territory of 34115 ha. This article examines the analysis of functions of suburban area and connects these functions with zoning of the suburban territory. The author uses the method of hierarchy to select the best conditions to each function in connection with nature component, transportation and distance from the city. The result of this research is the map of the functional zoning of suburban area of Krasnoyarsk City. The author uses a variety of factors, which have an influence on suburban area, to compare and choose the best conditions. KeywordsSuburban area, zoning of territory, Krasnoyarsk City.
Abstract: Electrocardiogram (ECG) data compression algorithm
is needed that will reduce the amount of data to be transmitted, stored
and analyzed, but without losing the clinical information content. A
wavelet ECG data codec based on the Set Partitioning In Hierarchical
Trees (SPIHT) compression algorithm is proposed in this paper. The
SPIHT algorithm has achieved notable success in still image coding.
We modified the algorithm for the one-dimensional (1-D) case and
applied it to compression of ECG data.
By this compression method, small percent root mean square
difference (PRD) and high compression ratio with low
implementation complexity are achieved. Experiments on selected
records from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database revealed that the
proposed codec is significantly more efficient in compression and in
computation than previously proposed ECG compression schemes.
Compression ratios of up to 48:1 for ECG signals lead to acceptable
results for visual inspection.