Abstract: The temporal nature of negative selection is an under exploited area. In a negative selection system, newly generated antibodies go through a maturing phase, and the survivors of the phase then wait to be activated by the incoming antigens after certain number of matches. These without having enough matches will age and die, while these with enough matches (i.e., being activated) will become active detectors. A currently active detector may also age and die if it cannot find any match in a pre-defined (lengthy) period of time. Therefore, what matters in a negative selection system is the dynamics of the involved parties in the current time window, not the whole time duration, which may be up to eternity. This property has the potential to define the uniqueness of negative selection in comparison with the other approaches. On the other hand, a negative selection system is only trained with “normal" data samples. It has to learn and discover unknown “abnormal" data patterns on the fly by itself. Consequently, it is more appreciate to utilize negation selection as a system for pattern discovery and recognition rather than just pattern recognition. In this paper, we study the potential of using negative selection in discovering unknown temporal patterns.
Abstract: Dredged sediment (DS) was utilized as source of
silt-clay and organic matter in artificially prepared eelgrass substrates with mountain sand (MS) as the sand media. Addition of DS showed
improved growth of eelgrass in the mixed substrates. Increase in added
DS up to 15% silt-clay showed increased shoot growth but additional
DS in 20% silt-clay mixture didn-t result to further increase in eelgrass
growth. Improved root establishment were also found for plants in pots
with added DS as shown by the increased resistance to uprooting, increased number of rhizome nodes and longer roots. Results demonstrated that addition of DS may be beneficial to eelgrass up to a
certain extent only and too much of it might be harmful to eelgrass plants.
Abstract: The paper deals with the estimation of amplitude and phase of an analogue multi-harmonic band-limited signal from irregularly spaced sampling values. To this end, assuming the signal fundamental frequency is known in advance (i.e., estimated at an independent stage), a complexity-reduced algorithm for signal reconstruction in time domain is proposed. The reduction in complexity is achieved owing to completely new analytical and summarized expressions that enable a quick estimation at a low numerical error. The proposed algorithm for the calculation of the unknown parameters requires O((2M+1)2) flops, while the straightforward solution of the obtained equations takes O((2M+1)3) flops (M is the number of the harmonic components). It is applied in signal reconstruction, spectral estimation, system identification, as well as in other important signal processing problems. The proposed method of processing can be used for precise RMS measurements (for power and energy) of a periodic signal based on the presented signal reconstruction. The paper investigates the errors related to the signal parameter estimation, and there is a computer simulation that demonstrates the accuracy of these algorithms.
Abstract: Experimental investigations were carried out in the
Manchester Tidal flow Facility (MTF) to study the flow patterns in
the region around and adjacent to a hypothetical headland in tidal
(oscillatory) ambient flow. The Planar laser-induced fluorescence
(PLIF) technique was used for visualization, with fluorescent dye
released at specific points around the headland perimeter and in its
adjacent recirculation zone. The flow patterns can be generalized into
the acceleration, stable flow and deceleration stages for each halfcycle,
with small variations according to location, which are more
distinct for low Keulegan-Carpenter number (KC) cases. Flow
patterns in the mixing region are unstable and complex, especially in
the recirculation zone. The flow patterns are in agreement with
previous visualizations, and support previous results in steady
ambient flow. It is suggested that the headland lee could be a viable
location for siting of pollutant outfalls.
Abstract: This study presents a new approach based on Tanaka's
fuzzy linear regression (FLP) algorithm to solve well-known power
system economic load dispatch problem (ELD). Tanaka's fuzzy linear
regression (FLP) formulation will be employed to compute the
optimal solution of optimization problem after linearization. The
unknowns are expressed as fuzzy numbers with a triangular
membership function that has middle and spread value reflected on
the unknowns. The proposed fuzzy model is formulated as a linear
optimization problem, where the objective is to minimize the sum of
the spread of the unknowns, subject to double inequality constraints.
Linear programming technique is employed to obtain the middle and
the symmetric spread for every unknown (power generation level).
Simulation results of the proposed approach will be compared with
those reported in literature.
Abstract: The contamination of 15 ground water resources
of a selected region earmarked for the emergency supply
of population has been monitored. The resources have been selected
on the basis of previous assessment of natural conditions
and the exploitation of territory in their surroundings and infiltration
area. Two resources out of 15 have been excluded from further
exploitation, because they have not met some of the 72 assessed
hygienic indicators of extended analysis. The remaining 13 resources
have been the subject of health risk analysis in relation
to the contamination by arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury, nickel and
manganese. The risk analysis proved that all 13 resources meet
health standards with regard to the above mentioned purposefully
selected elements and may thus be included into crisis plans. Water
quality of ground resources may be assessed in the same way
with regard to other contaminants.
Abstract: The group mutual exclusion (GME) problem is a
variant of the mutual exclusion problem. In the present paper a
token-based group mutual exclusion algorithm, capable of handling
transient faults, is proposed. The algorithm uses the concept of
dynamic request sets. A time out mechanism is used to detect the
token loss; also, a distributed scheme is used to regenerate the token.
The worst case message complexity of the algorithm is n+1. The
maximum concurrency and forum switch complexity of the
algorithm are n and min (n, m) respectively, where n is the number of
processes and m is the number of groups. The algorithm also satisfies
another desirable property called smooth admission. The scheme can
also be adapted to handle the extended group mutual exclusion
problem.
Abstract: The electromagnetic imaging of inhomogeneous
dielectric cylinders buried in a slab medium by transverse electric
(TE) wave illumination is investigated. Dielectric cylinders of
unknown permittivities are buried in second space and scattered a
group of unrelated waves incident from first space where the scattered
field is recorded. By proper arrangement of the various unrelated
incident fields, the difficulties of ill-posedness and nonlinearity are
circumvented, and the permittivity distribution can be reconstructed
through simple matrix operations. The algorithm is based on the
moment method and the unrelated illumination method. Numerical
results are given to demonstrate the capability of the inverse
algorithm. Good reconstruction is obtained even in the presence of
additive Gaussian random noise in measured data. In addition, the
effect of noise on the reconstruction result is also investigated.
Abstract: In a product development process, understanding the functional behavior of the system, the role of components in achieving functions and failure modes if components/subsystem fails its required function will help develop appropriate design validation and verification program for reliability assessment. The integration of these three issues will help design and reliability engineers in identifying weak spots in design and planning future actions and testing program. This case study demonstrate the advantage of unascertained theory described in the subjective cognition uncertainty, and then applies blind number (BN) theory in describing the uncertainty of the mechanical system failure process and the same time used the same theory in bringing out another mechanical reliability system model. The practical calculations shows the BN Model embodied the characters of simply, small account of calculation but betterforecasting capability, which had the value of macroscopic discussion to some extent.
Abstract: In this paper, Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is used to study laminar flow with mixed convection heat transfer inside a two-dimensional inclined lid-driven rectangular cavity with aspect ratio AR = 3. Bottom wall of the cavity is maintained at lower temperature than the top lid, and its vertical walls are assumed insulated. Top lid motion results in fluid motion inside the cavity. Inclination of the cavity causes horizontal and vertical components of velocity to be affected by buoyancy force. To include this effect, calculation procedure of macroscopic properties by LBM is changed and collision term of Boltzmann equation is modified. A computer program is developed to simulate this problem using BGK model of lattice Boltzmann method. The effects of the variations of Richardson number and inclination angle on the thermal and flow behavior of the fluid inside the cavity are investigated. The results are presented as velocity and temperature profiles, stream function contours and isotherms. It is concluded that LBM has good potential to simulate mixed convection heat transfer problems.
Abstract: In this paper, we have developed a method to
compute fractal dimension (FD) of discrete time signals, in the
time domain, by modifying the box-counting method. The size
of the box is dependent on the sampling frequency of the
signal. The number of boxes required to completely cover the
signal are obtained at multiple time resolutions. The time
resolutions are made coarse by decimating the signal. The loglog
plot of total number of boxes required to cover the curve
versus size of the box used appears to be a straight line, whose
slope is taken as an estimate of FD of the signal. The results
are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed
method using parametric fractal signals. The estimation
accuracy of the method is compared with that of Katz, Sevcik,
and Higuchi methods. In addition, some properties of the FD
are discussed.
Abstract: Modular multiplication is the basic operation
in most public key cryptosystems, such as RSA, DSA, ECC,
and DH key exchange. Unfortunately, very large operands
(in order of 1024 or 2048 bits) must be used to provide
sufficient security strength. The use of such big numbers
dramatically slows down the whole cipher system, especially
when running on embedded processors.
So far, customized hardware accelerators - developed on
FPGAs or ASICs - were the best choice for accelerating
modular multiplication in embedded environments. On the
other hand, many algorithms have been developed to speed
up such operations. Examples are the Montgomery modular
multiplication and the interleaved modular multiplication
algorithms. Combining both customized hardware with
an efficient algorithm is expected to provide a much faster
cipher system.
This paper introduces an enhanced architecture for computing
the modular multiplication of two large numbers X
and Y modulo a given modulus M. The proposed design is
compared with three previous architectures depending on
carry save adders and look up tables. Look up tables should
be loaded with a set of pre-computed values. Our proposed
architecture uses the same carry save addition, but replaces
both look up tables and pre-computations with an enhanced
version of sign detection techniques. The proposed architecture
supports higher frequencies than other architectures.
It also has a better overall absolute time for a single operation.
Abstract: The city of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, provides a number of examples of how a growing city can integrate urban planning and water planning to achieve sustainable urban development, environmental protection, liveability and integrated water management outcomes, and move towards becoming a “Water Sensitive City". Three examples are provided - the development at Botanic Ridge, where a 318 hectare residential development is being planned and where integrated water management options are being implemented using a “triple bottom line" sustainability investment approach; the Toolern development, which will capture and reuse stormwater and recycled water to greatly reduce the suburb-s demand for potable water, and the development at Kalkallo where a 1,200 hectare industrial precinct development is planned which will merge design of the development's water supply, sewerage services and stormwater system. The Paper argues that an integrated urban planning and water planning approach is fundamental to creating liveable, vibrant communities which meet social and financial needs while being in harmony with the local environment. Further work is required on developing investment frameworks and risk analysis frameworks to ensure that all possible solutions can be assessed equally.
Abstract: The present investigation aimed to study the
histomorphometric characterizations of the thyroid gland of the duck.
Five adult male and five adult female ducks were used in the
experiment. Results showed that the overall histological structure of
the thyroid gland of the duck were similar to those of the other
vertebrae. The gland consisted of roughly spherical randomly
distributed micro and macrofollicles with very little interstitial tissue
between them. Each follicle is lined by a single layer of epithelial
cells enclosing a cavity, the follicular cavity, which is filled with
colloid. Ultrastructural findings showed that the apical surface of the
follicular cells bears a variable number of short, irregularly
distributed microvilli which are apparently more numerous on the
columnar cells than on the lower, relatively inactive cells.
Mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum occupy the
subnuclear region of the follicular cell, whereas the Golgi complex,
free ribosomes and colloid droplets were found in the apical
cytoplasm. At light or electron microscopic levels, there was no sex
difference in histomorphometric characteristics of the thyroid
glands.ls.
Abstract: By taking advantage of computer-s processing power, an unlimited number of variations and parameters in both spatial and environmental can be provided while following the same set of rules and constraints. This paper focuses on using the tools of parametric urbanism towards a more responsive environmental and sustainable urban morphology. It presents an understanding to Parametric Urban Comfort Envelope (PUCE) as an interactive computational assessment urban model. In addition, it investigates the applicability potentials of this model to generate an optimized urban form to Borg El Arab city (a new Egyptian Community) concerning the human comfort values specially wind and solar envelopes. Finally, this paper utilizes its application outcomes -both visual and numerical- to extend the designer-s limitations by decrease the concern of controlling and manipulation of geometry, and increase the designer-s awareness about the various potentials of using the parametric tools to create relationships that generate multiple geometric alternatives.
Abstract: Optical network uses a tool for routing which is called
Latin router. These routers use particular algorithms for routing. In this paper, we present algorithm for configuration of optical network that is optimized regarding previous algorithm. We show that by decreasing the number of hops for source-destination in lightpath number of satisfied request is less. Also we had shown that more than
single-hop lightpath relating single-hop lightpath is better.
Abstract: An optimal solution for a large number of constraint
satisfaction problems can be found using the technique of
substitution and elimination of variables analogous to the technique
that is used to solve systems of equations. A decision function
f(A)=max(A2) is used to determine which variables to eliminate. The
algorithm can be expressed in six lines and is remarkable in both its
simplicity and its ability to find an optimal solution. However it is
inefficient in that it needs to square the updated A matrix after each
variable elimination. To overcome this inefficiency the algorithm is
analyzed and it is shown that the A matrix only needs to be squared
once at the first step of the algorithm and then incrementally updated
for subsequent steps, resulting in significant improvement and an
algorithm complexity of O(n3).
Abstract: Sport is one of the sectors in which the largest
technical projections regarding the functions of textiles can be found.
He is a large consumer of high performance composite materials and
new fibers. It is one of the sectors where the innovation is the most
important when the greatest numbers of spectacular developments are
aimed at increasing performance. In medicine, textile innovation is
used and contributes in the amelioration of different materials such as
dressing, orthosis, bandages, etc. The hygienic textiles in non-woven
materials record a strong growth. The objective of this study is to
show the different advances of development we obtained in the both
ways (sport and medicine). Polyamide fibers where developed
tacking into account the specification of the high level athlete’s
performance like swimming and triathlon (Olympic Games, Brazil
2016). The first textile utilization was for skiing (Olympic Games,
Sotchi 2014). The different textiles technologies where adapted for
medicine.
Abstract: Intelligent Video-Surveillance (IVS) systems are
being more and more popular in security applications. The analysis
and recognition of abnormal behaviours in a video sequence has
gradually drawn the attention in the field of IVS, since it allows
filtering out a large number of useless information, which guarantees
the high efficiency in the security protection, and save a lot of human
and material resources. We present in this paper ADABeV, an
intelligent video-surveillance framework for event recognition in
crowded scene to detect the abnormal human behaviour. This
framework is attended to be able to achieve real-time alarming,
reducing the lags in traditional monitoring systems. This architecture
proposal addresses four main challenges: behaviour understanding in
crowded scenes, hard lighting conditions, multiple input kinds of
sensors and contextual-based adaptability to recognize the active
context of the scene.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for joint time-delay and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, here called two-dimensional code acquisition, in an asynchronous directsequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) array system. This algorithm depends on eigenvector-eigenvalue decomposition of sample correlation matrix, and requires to know desired user-s training sequence. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed both analytically and numerically in uncorrelated and coherent multipath environment. Numerical examples show that the algorithm is robust with unknown number of coherent signals.