Abstract: In this paper two mathematical models for definition of gas accidental escape localization in the gas pipelines are suggested. The first model was created for leak localization in the horizontal branched pipeline and second one for leak detection in inclined section of the main gas pipeline. The algorithm of leak localization in the branched pipeline did not demand on knowledge of corresponding initial hydraulic parameters at entrance and ending points of each sections of pipeline. For detection of the damaged section and then leak localization in this section special functions and equations have been constructed. Some results of calculations for compound pipelines having two, four and five sections are presented. Also a method and formula for the leak localization in the simple inclined section of the main gas pipeline are suggested. Some results of numerical calculations defining localization of gas escape for the inclined pipeline are presented.
Abstract: In this study, a Loop Back Algorithm for component
connected labeling for detecting objects in a digital image is
presented. The approach is using loop back connected component
labeling algorithm that helps the system to distinguish the object
detected according to their label. Deferent than whole window
scanning technique, this technique reduces the searching time for
locating the object by focusing on the suspected object based on
certain features defined. In this study, the approach was also
implemented for a face detection system. Face detection system is
becoming interesting research since there are many devices or
systems that require detecting the face for certain purposes. The input
can be from still image or videos, therefore the sub process of this
system has to be simple, efficient and accurate to give a good result.
Abstract: The present paper deals with the analysis and development of noise-reduction transformer that has a filter function for conductive noise transmission. Two types of prototype noise-reduction transformers with two different output voltages are proposed. To determine an optimum design for the noise-reduction transformer, noise attenuation characteristics are discussed based on the experiments and the equivalent circuit analysis. The analysis gives a relation between the circuit parameters and the noise attenuation. High performance step-down noise-reduction transformer for direct power supply to electronics equipment is developed. The input voltage of the transformer is 100 V and the output voltage is 5 V. Frequency characteristics of noise attenuation are discussed, and prevention of pulse noise transmission is demonstrated. Normal mode noise attenuation of this transformer is –80 dB, and common mode exceeds –90 dB. The step-down noise-reduction transformer eliminates pulse noise efficiently.
Abstract: The innovation performance of nations has been
repeatedly measured in the literature. We argue that while the
literature offers many suggestions, their theoretical foundation is
often weak and the underlying assumptions are rarely discussed. In
this paper, we systematize various mechanisms by which spatial units
influence nation and firms' innovation activities. On the basis of this,
common innovation performance measures and analyses are
discussed and evaluated. It is concluded that there is no general best
way of measuring the innovation performance of spatial units. In
fact, the most interesting insights can be obtained using a multitude
of different approaches at the same time.
Abstract: Facial recognition and expression analysis is rapidly
becoming an area of intense interest in computer science and humancomputer
interaction design communities. The most expressive way
humans display emotions is through facial expressions. In this paper
skin and non-skin pixels were separated. Face regions were extracted
from the detected skin regions. Facial expressions are analyzed from
facial images by applying Gabor wavelet transform (GWT) and
Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) on face images. Radial Basis
Function (RBF) Network is used to identify the person and to classify
the facial expressions. Our method reliably works even with faces,
which carry heavy expressions.
Abstract: The seismic rehabilitation designs of two reinforced
concrete school buildings, representative of a wide stock of similar
edifices designed under earlier editions of the Italian Technical
Standards, are presented in this paper. The mutual retrofit solution
elaborated for the two buildings consists in the incorporation of a
dissipative bracing system including pressurized fluid viscous springdampers
as passive protective devices. The mechanical parameters,
layouts and locations selected for the constituting elements of the
system; the architectural renovation projects developed to properly
incorporate the structural interventions and improve the appearance
of the buildings; highlights of the installation works already
completed in one of the two structures; and a synthesis of the
performance assessment analyses carried out in original and
rehabilitated conditions, are illustrated. The results of the analyses
show a remarkable enhancement of the seismic response capacities of
both structures. This allows reaching the high performance objectives
postulated in the retrofit designs with much lower costs and
architectural intrusion as compared to traditional rehabilitation
interventions designed for the same objectives.
Abstract: In this paper, we present two new ranking and unranking
algorithms for k-ary trees represented by x-sequences in Gray
code order. These algorithms are based on a gray code generation algorithm
developed by Ahrabian et al.. In mentioned paper, a recursive
backtracking generation algorithm for x-sequences corresponding to
k-ary trees in Gray code was presented. This generation algorithm
is based on Vajnovszki-s algorithm for generating binary trees in
Gray code ordering. Up to our knowledge no ranking and unranking
algorithms were given for x-sequences in this ordering. we present
ranking and unranking algorithms with O(kn2) time complexity for
x-sequences in this Gray code ordering
Abstract: Numerical analysis naturally finds applications in all
fields of engineering and the physical sciences, but in the
21st century, the life sciences and even the arts have adopted
elements of scientific computations. The numerical data analysis
became key process in research and development of all the fields [6].
In this paper we have made an attempt to analyze the specified
numerical patterns with reference to the association rule mining
techniques with minimum confidence and minimum support mining
criteria. The extracted rules and analyzed results are graphically
demonstrated. Association rules are a simple but very useful form of
data mining that describe the probabilistic co-occurrence of certain
events within a database [7]. They were originally designed to
analyze market-basket data, in which the likelihood of items being
purchased together within the same transactions are analyzed.
Abstract: We have considered an unmagnetized dusty plasma system consisting of ions obeying superthermal distribution and strongly coupled negatively charged dust. We have used reductive perturbation method and derived the Kordeweg-de Vries-Burgers (KdV-Burgers) equation. The behavior of the shock waves in the plasma has been investigated.
Abstract: The flow field around a flat plate of infinite span has
been investigated for several values of the angle of attack. Numerical
predictions have been compared to experimental measurements, in
order to examine the effect of turbulence model and grid resolution
on the resultant aerodynamic forces acting on the plate. Also the
influence of the free-stream turbulence intensity, at the entrance of
the computational domain, has been investigated. A full campaign of
simulations has been conducted for three inclination angles (9°, 15°
and 30°), in order to obtain some practical guidelines to be used for
the simulation of the flow field around inclined plates and discs.
Abstract: In this research, effect of combustion reaction
mechanism on direct initiation of detonation has been studied
numerically. For this purpose, reaction mechanism has been
simulated by using a three-step chemical kinetics model. The reaction
scheme consists sequentially of a chain-initiation and chainbranching
step, followed by a temperature -independent chaintermination.
In a previous research, the effect of chain-branching on
the direct initiation of detonation is studied. In this research effect of
chain-initiation on direct initiation of detonation is investigated. For
the investigation, first a characteristic time (τ) for each step of
mechanism, which includes effect of different kinetics parameters, is
defined. Then the effect of characteristic time of chain-initiation (τI)
on critical initiation energy is studied. It is seen that increasing τI,
causes critical initiation energy to be increased. Drawing detonation's
shock pressure diagrams for different cases, shows that in small value
of τI , kinetics has more important effect on the behavior of the wave.
Abstract: Traditional parallel single string matching algorithms
are always based on PRAM computation model. Those algorithms
concentrate on the cost optimal design and the theoretical speed.
Based on the distributed string matching algorithm proposed by
CHEN, a practical distributed string matching algorithm architecture
is proposed in this paper. And also an improved single string matching
algorithm based on a variant Boyer-Moore algorithm is presented. We
implement our algorithm on the above architecture and the
experiments prove that it is really practical and efficient on distributed
memory machine. Its computation complexity is O(n/p + m), where n
is the length of the text, and m is the length of the pattern, and p is the
number of the processors.
Abstract: In this paper, the position control of an electronic
throttle actuator is outlined. The dynamic behavior of the actuator is
described with the help of an uncertain plant model. This motivates
the controller design based on the ideas of higher-order slidingmodes.
As a consequence anti-chattering techniques can be omitted.
It is shown that the same concept is applicable to estimate unmeasureable
signals. The control law and the observer are implemented on
an electronic control unit. Results achieved by numerical simulations
and real world experiments are presented and discussed.
Abstract: This paper presents a linear stability analysis of
natural convection in a horizontal layer of a viscoelastic
nanofluid. The Oldroyd B model was utilized to describe the
rheological behavior of a viscoelastic nanofluid. The model
used for the nanofluid incorporated the effects of Brownian
motion and thermophoresis. The onset criterion for stationary
and oscillatory convection was derived analytically. The effects
of the Deborah number, retardation parameters, concentration
Rayleigh number, Prandtl number, and Lewis number on the
stability of the system were investigated. Results indicated that
there was competition among the processes of thermophoresis,
Brownian diffusion, and viscoelasticity which caused
oscillatory rather than stationary convection to occur.
Oscillatory instability is possible with both bottom- and
top-heavy nanoparticle distributions. Regimes of stationary and
oscillatory convection for various parameters were derived and
are discussed in detail.
Abstract: The detection of outliers is very essential because of
their responsibility for producing huge interpretative problem in
linear as well as in nonlinear regression analysis. Much work has
been accomplished on the identification of outlier in linear
regression, but not in nonlinear regression. In this article we propose
several outlier detection techniques for nonlinear regression. The
main idea is to use the linear approximation of a nonlinear model and
consider the gradient as the design matrix. Subsequently, the
detection techniques are formulated. Six detection measures are
developed that combined with three estimation techniques such as the
Least-Squares, M and MM-estimators. The study shows that among
the six measures, only the studentized residual and Cook Distance
which combined with the MM estimator, consistently capable of
identifying the correct outliers.
Abstract: The manufacturing transmission line tower parts has
being generated hazardous waste which is required proper disposal
of waste for protection of land pollution. Manufacturing Process in
the manufacturing of steel angle, plates, pipes, channels are passes
through conventional, semi automatic and CNC machines for
cutting, marking, punching, drilling, notching, bending operations.
All fabricated material Coated with thin layer of Zinc in Galvanizing
plant where molten zinc is used for coating. Prior to Galvanizing,
chemical like 33% concentrated HCl Acid, ammonium chloride and
d-oil being used for pretreatment of iron. The bath of water with
sodium dichromate is used for cooling and protection of the
galvanized steel. For the heating purpose the furnace oil burners are
used. These above process the Zinc dross, Zinc ash, ETP sludge and
waste pickled acid generated as hazardous waste. The RPG has
made captive secured land fill site, since 1997 since then it was
using for disposal of hazardous waste after completion of SLF
(Secured land fill) site. The RPG has raised height from ground
level then now it is being used for disposal of waste as he designed
the SLF after in creasing height of from GL it is functional without
leach ate or adverse impacts in the environment.
Abstract: A new analytical method to predict the torsional
capacity and behavior of R.C multi-cell box girders strengthened with
carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets is presented.
Modification was done on the Softened Truss Model (STM) in the
proposed method; the concrete torsional problem is solved by
combining the equilibrium conditions, compatibility conditions and
constitutive laws of materials by taking into account the confinement
of concrete with CFRP sheets. A specific algorithm is developed to
predict the torsional behavior of reinforced concrete multi-cell box
girders with or without strengthening by CFRP sheets. Applications
of the developed method as an assessment tool to strengthened multicell
box girders with CFRP and first analytical example that
demonstrate the contribution of the CFRP materials on the torsional
response is also included.
Abstract: This paper proposes a meta-heuristic called Ant Colony Optimization to solve multi-objective production problems. The multi-objective function is to minimize lead time and work in process. The problem is related to the decision variables, i.e.; distance and process time. According to decision criteria, the mathematical model is formulated. In order to solve the model an ant colony optimization approach has been developed. The proposed algorithm is parameterized by the number of ant colonies and the number of pheromone trails. One example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The proposed formulations; Max-Min Ant system are then used to solve the problem and the results evaluate the performance and efficiency of the proposed algorithm using simulation.
Abstract: In studying the possibility of using plants as
rhizoremediators, barley and grass mixture which showed resistance
to various concentrations of oil were selected. The minimum
inhibitory effect of oil on these plants by morphological parameters
such as survival of plants, length and biomass of shoot and root
compared with the control was showed. In determining physiological
parameters, a slight decrease in the number of chlorophyll a and b in
the leaves of plants was noted. The differences in the ratio of the total
surface of the roots to the work surface with the growth of plants in
soil with oil in the study of adsorption of the root surface were
showed.
Abstract: Despite various methods that exist in software risk management, software projects have a high rate of failure. When complexity and size of the projects are increased, managing software development becomes more difficult. In these projects the need for more analysis and risk assessment is vital. In this paper, a classification for software risks is specified. Then relations between these risks using risk tree structure are presented. Analysis and assessment of these risks are done using probabilistic calculations. This analysis helps qualitative and quantitative assessment of risk of failure. Moreover it can help software risk management process. This classification and risk tree structure can apply to some software tools.