Loop Back Connected Component Labeling Algorithm and Its Implementation in Detecting Face
In this study, a Loop Back Algorithm for component
connected labeling for detecting objects in a digital image is
presented. The approach is using loop back connected component
labeling algorithm that helps the system to distinguish the object
detected according to their label. Deferent than whole window
scanning technique, this technique reduces the searching time for
locating the object by focusing on the suspected object based on
certain features defined. In this study, the approach was also
implemented for a face detection system. Face detection system is
becoming interesting research since there are many devices or
systems that require detecting the face for certain purposes. The input
can be from still image or videos, therefore the sub process of this
system has to be simple, efficient and accurate to give a good result.
[1] Humberto Sossa, Giovanni Guzmán, "New Method to Count Objects
into an Image", icpr, 15th International Conference on Pattern
Recognition (ICPR'00) - Volume 1, 2000, pp.1470.
[2] Dae Ro Lee, Seung Hun Jin, Pham Cong Thien and Jae Wook Jeon,
"FPGA based Connected Component Labeling", International
Conference on Control, Automation and Systems, ICROS, 2007,
pp2313-2317.
[3] R. Sotelo, "New methodology to determine the number of objects into an
image", M. Sc. Thesis, Centro de Investigaci├│n en Computaci├│n - IPN,
May 2000, In Spanish.
[4] Yang Yang, David Zhang, "A novel line scan clustering algorithm for
identifying connected components in digital images", Elsevier 2003,
Image and Vision Computing 21 (2003), pp. 459-472.
[5] L.D. Stefano, A. Bulgarelli, "A simple and efficient connected
components labeling algorithm", International Conference on Image
Analysis and Processing 1999, pp 322-327.
[6] R. Gonzales, R. Woods, "Digital Image Processing", Addison-Wesley,
Reading, MA, 1992, pp. 42-45.
[7] R. Haralick, L. Shapiro, "Computer and Robot Vision", 1, Addison-
Wesley, Reading, MA, 1992, pp. 33-37.
[8] R. Klette, P. Zamperoni, "Hand Book of Image Processing Operators",
Wiley, New York, 1996, pp. 314-319.
[9] R.K.R. Jain, B.G. Schunck, "Machine Vision", McGraw-Hill, 1995, pp.
44-45.
[10] A. Rosenfeld, A.C. Kak, "Digital Picture Processing", 2, Academic
Press, New York, 1982, pp. 241-242.
[11] Helmuth Spath, "Cluster Analysis Algorithms", Ellis Horwood, 1980.
[12] Jonas Gomes, Luis Velho, "Image Processing for Computer Graphic",
Springer, 1997.
[13] P. Peer, F. Solina, "An automatic human face detection method", in
Proc. 4th Computer Vision Winter Workshop (CVWW), Rastenfeld,
Austria, Feb. 1999, pp. 122-130.
[14] G. Kukharev, A. Novosielski, "Visitor identification-elaborating real
time face recognition system", in Proc.12th Winter School on Computer
Graphics (WSCG), Plzen, Czech Republic, Feb. 2004, pp. 157-164.
[15] K. Sobottka, I. Pitas, "Segmentation and tracking of faces in color
images", in Proc. IEEE Conf. on Automatic Face and Gesture
Recognition (FG), Killington, USA, Oct. 1996, pp. 236-241.
[16] Ramesh Jain and Rangachar Kasturi and Brian G. Shunck, "MACHINE
VISION", McGraw-Hill Inc, International Editions 1995, pp.44-47.
[17] Udo Ahlvers, Ruben Rajagopalan, Udo Z¨olzer, "MODEL-FREE FACE
DETECTION AND HEAD TRACKING WITH MORPHOLOGICAL
HOLE MAPPING", Proc. 13th European Signal Processing Conference
(EUSIPCO'05), Antalya, Turkey, September 4-8, 2005.
[18] R. Haralick, L. Shapiro, "Computer and Robot Vision", 1, Addison-
Wesley, Reading, MA, 1992, pp. 33-37.
[19] R. Klette, P. Zamperoni, "Hand Book of Image Processing Operators",
Wiley, New York, 1996, pp. 314-319.
[20] H.S.M. Dillencourt, M. Tamminen, "A general approach to connected
component labeling for arbitrary image representations", Journal of the
ACM 39 (2), 1992, pp 253-280.
[21] R.L.O. Zuniga, L. Shapiro, "A new connected components algorithm for
virtual memory computers", Computer Vision, Graphics and Image
Processing 22, 1983, pp 287-300.
[22] A. Rosenfeld, A.C. Kak, "Digital Picture Processing", 2, Academic
Press, New York, 1982, pp. 241-242.
[23] A. Rosenfeld, J. Pfaltz, "Sequential operations in digital picture
processing", Journal of the ACM 13 (4), 1966, pp 471-494.
[24] H. Samet, M. Tamminen, "An improved approach to connected
component labeling of images", Proceedings of CVPR-86, 1986, pp
312-318.
[25] X.D. Yang, "An improved algorithm for labeling connected components
in a binary image", CVIP (1992).
[1] Humberto Sossa, Giovanni Guzmán, "New Method to Count Objects
into an Image", icpr, 15th International Conference on Pattern
Recognition (ICPR'00) - Volume 1, 2000, pp.1470.
[2] Dae Ro Lee, Seung Hun Jin, Pham Cong Thien and Jae Wook Jeon,
"FPGA based Connected Component Labeling", International
Conference on Control, Automation and Systems, ICROS, 2007,
pp2313-2317.
[3] R. Sotelo, "New methodology to determine the number of objects into an
image", M. Sc. Thesis, Centro de Investigaci├│n en Computaci├│n - IPN,
May 2000, In Spanish.
[4] Yang Yang, David Zhang, "A novel line scan clustering algorithm for
identifying connected components in digital images", Elsevier 2003,
Image and Vision Computing 21 (2003), pp. 459-472.
[5] L.D. Stefano, A. Bulgarelli, "A simple and efficient connected
components labeling algorithm", International Conference on Image
Analysis and Processing 1999, pp 322-327.
[6] R. Gonzales, R. Woods, "Digital Image Processing", Addison-Wesley,
Reading, MA, 1992, pp. 42-45.
[7] R. Haralick, L. Shapiro, "Computer and Robot Vision", 1, Addison-
Wesley, Reading, MA, 1992, pp. 33-37.
[8] R. Klette, P. Zamperoni, "Hand Book of Image Processing Operators",
Wiley, New York, 1996, pp. 314-319.
[9] R.K.R. Jain, B.G. Schunck, "Machine Vision", McGraw-Hill, 1995, pp.
44-45.
[10] A. Rosenfeld, A.C. Kak, "Digital Picture Processing", 2, Academic
Press, New York, 1982, pp. 241-242.
[11] Helmuth Spath, "Cluster Analysis Algorithms", Ellis Horwood, 1980.
[12] Jonas Gomes, Luis Velho, "Image Processing for Computer Graphic",
Springer, 1997.
[13] P. Peer, F. Solina, "An automatic human face detection method", in
Proc. 4th Computer Vision Winter Workshop (CVWW), Rastenfeld,
Austria, Feb. 1999, pp. 122-130.
[14] G. Kukharev, A. Novosielski, "Visitor identification-elaborating real
time face recognition system", in Proc.12th Winter School on Computer
Graphics (WSCG), Plzen, Czech Republic, Feb. 2004, pp. 157-164.
[15] K. Sobottka, I. Pitas, "Segmentation and tracking of faces in color
images", in Proc. IEEE Conf. on Automatic Face and Gesture
Recognition (FG), Killington, USA, Oct. 1996, pp. 236-241.
[16] Ramesh Jain and Rangachar Kasturi and Brian G. Shunck, "MACHINE
VISION", McGraw-Hill Inc, International Editions 1995, pp.44-47.
[17] Udo Ahlvers, Ruben Rajagopalan, Udo Z¨olzer, "MODEL-FREE FACE
DETECTION AND HEAD TRACKING WITH MORPHOLOGICAL
HOLE MAPPING", Proc. 13th European Signal Processing Conference
(EUSIPCO'05), Antalya, Turkey, September 4-8, 2005.
[18] R. Haralick, L. Shapiro, "Computer and Robot Vision", 1, Addison-
Wesley, Reading, MA, 1992, pp. 33-37.
[19] R. Klette, P. Zamperoni, "Hand Book of Image Processing Operators",
Wiley, New York, 1996, pp. 314-319.
[20] H.S.M. Dillencourt, M. Tamminen, "A general approach to connected
component labeling for arbitrary image representations", Journal of the
ACM 39 (2), 1992, pp 253-280.
[21] R.L.O. Zuniga, L. Shapiro, "A new connected components algorithm for
virtual memory computers", Computer Vision, Graphics and Image
Processing 22, 1983, pp 287-300.
[22] A. Rosenfeld, A.C. Kak, "Digital Picture Processing", 2, Academic
Press, New York, 1982, pp. 241-242.
[23] A. Rosenfeld, J. Pfaltz, "Sequential operations in digital picture
processing", Journal of the ACM 13 (4), 1966, pp 471-494.
[24] H. Samet, M. Tamminen, "An improved approach to connected
component labeling of images", Proceedings of CVPR-86, 1986, pp
312-318.
[25] X.D. Yang, "An improved algorithm for labeling connected components
in a binary image", CVIP (1992).
@article{"International Journal of Information, Control and Computer Sciences:58485", author = "A. Rakhmadi and M. S. M. Rahim and A. Bade and H. Haron and I. M. Amin", title = "Loop Back Connected Component Labeling Algorithm and Its Implementation in Detecting Face", abstract = "In this study, a Loop Back Algorithm for component
connected labeling for detecting objects in a digital image is
presented. The approach is using loop back connected component
labeling algorithm that helps the system to distinguish the object
detected according to their label. Deferent than whole window
scanning technique, this technique reduces the searching time for
locating the object by focusing on the suspected object based on
certain features defined. In this study, the approach was also
implemented for a face detection system. Face detection system is
becoming interesting research since there are many devices or
systems that require detecting the face for certain purposes. The input
can be from still image or videos, therefore the sub process of this
system has to be simple, efficient and accurate to give a good result.", keywords = "Image processing, connected components labeling,face detection.", volume = "4", number = "4", pages = "783-6", }
