Abstract: In the SHP, LVDT sensor is for detecting the length
changes of the EHA output, and the thrust of the EHA is controlled by
the pressure sensor. Sensor is possible to cause hardware fault by
internal problem or external disturbance. The EHA of SHP is able to
be uncontrollable due to control by feedback from uncertain
information, on this paper; the sliding mode observer algorithm
estimates the original sensor output information in permanent sensor
fault. The proposed algorithm shows performance to recovery fault of
disconnection and short circuit basically, also the algorithm detect
various of sensor fault mode.
Abstract: In order to understand the seismic behavior of steel frame structure with infill FRP composite panel, simple models for simulation on the steel frame with the panel systems were developed in this study. To achieve the simple design method of the steel framed structure with the damping panel system, 2-D finite element analysis with the springs and dashpots models was conducted in ABAQUS. Under various applied spring stiffness and dashpot coefficient, the expected hysteretic energy responses of the steel frame with damping panel systems we investigated. Using the proposed simple design method which decides the stiffness and the damping, it is possible to decide the FRP and damping materials on a steel frame system.
Abstract: The purpose of the study is to develop a finite element model based on 3D bone structural images of Micro-CT and to analyze the stress distribution for the osteoporosis mouse femora. In this study, results of finite element analysis show that the early osteoporosis of mouse model decreased a bone density in trabecular region; however, the bone density in cortical region increased.
Abstract: Texture is an important characteristic in real and
synthetic scenes. Texture analysis plays a critical role in inspecting
surfaces and provides important techniques in a variety of
applications. Although several descriptors have been presented to
extract texture features, the development of object recognition is still a
difficult task due to the complex aspects of texture. Recently, many
robust and scaling-invariant image features such as SIFT, SURF and
ORB have been successfully used in image retrieval and object
recognition. In this paper, we have tried to compare the performance
for texture classification using these feature descriptors with k-means
clustering. Different classifiers including K-NN, Naive Bayes, Back
Propagation Neural Network , Decision Tree and Kstar were applied in
three texture image sets － UIUCTex, KTH-TIPS and Brodatz,
respectively. Experimental results reveal SIFTS as the best average
accuracy rate holder in UIUCTex, KTH-TIPS and SURF is
advantaged in Brodatz texture set. BP neuro network works best in the
test set classification among all used classifiers.
Abstract: Mineral product, waste concrete (fine aggregates),
waste in the optical field, industry, and construction employ separators
to separate solids and classify them according to their size. Various
sorting machines are used in the industrial field such as those operating
under electrical properties, centrifugal force, wind power, vibration,
and magnetic force. Study on separators has been carried out to
contribute to the environmental industry. In this study, we perform
CFD analysis for understanding the basic mechanism of the separation
of waste concrete (fine aggregate) particles from air with a machine
built with a rotor with blades. In CFD, we first performed
two-dimensional particle tracking for various particle sizes for the
model with 1 degree, 1.5 degree, and 2 degree angle between each
blade to verify the boundary conditions and the method of rotating
domain method to be used in 3D. Then we developed 3D numerical
model with ANSYS CFX to calculate the air flow and track the
particles. We judged the capability of particle separation for given size
by counting the number of particles escaping from the domain toward
the exit among 10 particles issued at the inlet. We confirm that
particles experience stagnant behavior near the exit of the rotating
blades where the centrifugal force acting on the particles is in balance
with the air drag force. It was also found that the minimum particle
size that can be separated by the machine with the rotor is determined
by its capability to stay at the outlet of the rotor channels.
Abstract: This study focuses on the stress analysis of Mandibular
Advancement Devices (MADs), which are considered as a standard
treatment of snoring that promoted by American Academy of Sleep
Medicine (AASM). Snoring is the most significant feature of
sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). SDB will lead to serious problems
in human health. Oral appliances are ensured in therapeutic effect and
compliance, especially the MADs. This paper proposes a new MAD
design, and the finite element analysis (FEA) is introduced to precede
the stress simulation for this MAD.
Abstract: The application of ESS (Energy Storage Systems) in
the future grids has been the solution of the microgrid. However, high
investment costs necessitate accurate modeling and control strategy of
ESS to justify its economic viability and further underutilization.
Therefore, the reasonable control strategy for ESS which is subjected
to generator and usage helps to curtail the cost of investment and
operation costs. The rated frequency in power system is decreased
when the load is increasing unexpectedly; hence the thermal power is
operated at the capacity of only its 95% for the Governor Free (GF) to
adjust the frequency as reserve (5%) in practice. The ESS can be
utilized with governor at the same time for the frequency response due
to characteristic of its fast response speed and moreover, the cost of
ESS is declined rapidly to the reasonable price. This paper presents the
ESS control strategy to extend usage of the ESS taken account into
governor’s ramp rate and reduce the governor’s intervention as well.
All results in this paper are simulated by MATLAB.
Abstract: The rapid development technology and widespread
Internet make business environment changing a lot. In order to stand in
the global market and to keep subsistence, “changing” is unspoken
rule for the company’s survival. The purpose of this paper is building
up change model by using SWOT, strategy map, KPI and change
management theory. The research findings indicate that the company
needs to deal with employee’s resistance emotion firstly before
building up change model. The ways of providing performance
appraisal reward, consulting and counseling mechanisms that will
great help to achieve reducing staff negative emotions and motivate
staff’s efficiencies also. To revise strategy map, modify corporate
culture, and improve internal operational processes which is based on
change model. Through the change model, the increasing growth rate
of net income helps company to achieve the goals and be a leading
brand of precision machinery industry.
Abstract: Highly developed technology and highly competitive
global market highlight the important role of competitive advantages
and operation performances in sustainable company operation.
Activity-Based Costing (ABC) provides accurate operation cost and
operation performance information. Rich literatures provide relevant
research with cases study on Activity-Based Costing application, but
the research on cause relationship between key success factors and its
specific outcome, such as profitability or share market are few. These
relationships provide the ways to handle the key success factors to
achieve the specific outcomes for ensuring to promote the competitive
advantages and operation performances. The main purposes of this
research are exploring the key success paths by Key Success Paths
approach which will lead the ways to apply Activity-Base Costing.
The Key Success Paths is the innovative method which is exploring
the cause relationships and explaining what are the effects of key
success factors to specific outcomes of Activity-Based Costing
implementation. The cause relationships between key success factors
and successful specific outcomes are Key Success Paths (KSPs). KSPs
are the guidelines to lead the cost management strategies to achieve the
goals of competitive advantages and operation performances. The
research findings indicate that good management system design may
affect the well outcomes of Activity-Based Costing application and
achieve to outstanding competitive advantage, operating performance
and profitability as well by KSPs exploration.
Abstract: The purposes of hydraulic gate are to maintain the
functions of storing and draining water. It bears long-term hydraulic
pressure and earthquake force and is very important for reservoir and
waterpower plant. The high tensile strength of steel plate is used as
constructional material of hydraulic gate. The cracks and rusts,
induced by the defects of material, bad construction and seismic
excitation and under water respectively, thus, the mechanics
phenomena of gate with crack are probing into the cause of stress
concentration, induced high crack increase rate, affect the safety and
usage of hydroelectric power plant. Stress distribution analysis is a
very important and essential surveying technique to analyze
bi-material and singular point problems. The finite difference
infinitely small element method has been demonstrated, suitable for
analyzing the buckling phenomena of welding seam and steel plate
with crack. Especially, this method can easily analyze the singularity
of kink crack. Nevertheless, the construction form and deformation
shape of some gates are three-dimensional system. Therefore, the
three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (DIC) has been
developed and applied to analyze the strain variation of steel plate with
crack at weld joint. The proposed Digital image correlation (DIC)
technique is an only non-contact method for measuring the variation of
test object. According to rapid development of digital camera, the cost
of this digital image correlation technique has been reduced.
Otherwise, this DIC method provides with the advantages of widely
practical application of indoor test and field test without the restriction
on the size of test object. Thus, the research purpose of this research is
to develop and apply this technique to monitor mechanics crack
variations of weld steel hydraulic gate and its conformation under
action of loading. The imagines can be picked from real time
monitoring process to analyze the strain change of each loading stage.
The proposed 3-Dimensional digital image correlation method,
developed in the study, is applied to analyze the post-buckling
phenomenon and buckling tendency of welded steel plate with crack.
Then, the stress intensity of 3-dimensional analysis of different
materials and enhanced materials in steel plate has been analyzed in
this paper. The test results show that this proposed three-dimensional
DIC method can precisely detect the crack variation of welded steel
plate under different loading stages. Especially, this proposed DIC
method can detect and identify the crack position and the other flaws
of the welded steel plate that the traditional test methods hardly detect
these kind phenomena. Therefore, this proposed three-dimensional
DIC method can apply to observe the mechanics phenomena of
composite materials subjected to loading and operating.
Abstract: Home Energy Management System (HEMS), which makes the residential consumers, contribute to the demand response is attracting attention in recent years. An aim of HEMS is to minimize their electricity cost by controlling the use of their appliances according to electricity price. The use of appliances in HEMS may be affected by some conditions such as external temperature and electricity price. Therefore, the user’s usage pattern of appliances should be modeled according to the external conditions, and the resultant usage pattern is related to the user’s comfortability on use of each appliances. This paper proposes a methodology to model the usage pattern based on the historical data with the copula function. Through copula function, the usage range of each appliance can be obtained and is able to satisfy the appropriate user’s comfort according to the external conditions for next day. Within the usage range, an optimal scheduling for appliances would be conducted so as to minimize an electricity cost with considering user’s comfort. Among the home appliance, electric heater (EH) is a representative appliance, which is affected by the external temperature. In this paper, an optimal scheduling algorithm for an electric heater (EH) is addressed based on the method of branch and bound. As a result, scenarios for the EH usage are obtained according to user’s comfort levels and then the residential consumer would select the best scenario. The case study shows the effects of the proposed algorithm compared with the traditional operation of the EH, and it represents impacts of the comfort level on the scheduling result.
Abstract: Useful lifetime evaluation of chevron rubber spring
was very important in design procedure to assure the safety and
reliability. It is, therefore, necessary to establish a suitable criterion
for the replacement period of chevron rubber spring. In this study, we
performed characteristic analysis and useful lifetime prediction of
chevron rubber spring. Rubber material coefficient was obtained by
curve fittings of uniaxial tension equibiaxial tension and pure shear
test. Computer simulation was executed to predict and evaluate the
load capacity and stiffness for chevron rubber spring. In order to
useful lifetime prediction of rubber material, we carried out the
compression set with heat aging test in an oven at the temperature
ranging from 50°C to 100°C during a period 180 days. By using the
Arrhenius plot, several useful lifetime prediction equations for rubber
material was proposed.
Abstract: This paper presents a fully Lagrangian coupled
Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) solver for simulations of
fluid-structure interactions, which is based on the Moving Particle
Semi-implicit (MPS) method to solve the governing equations
corresponding to incompressible flows as well as elastic structures.
The developed solver is verified by reproducing the high velocity
impact loads of deformable thin wedges with three different materials
such as mild steel, aluminium and tin during water entry. The present
simulation results for aluminium are compared with analytical solution
derived from the hydrodynamic Wagner model and linear Wan’s
theory. And also, the impact pressure and strain on the water entry
wedge with three different materials, such as mild steel, aluminium
and tin, are simulated and the effects of hydro-elasticity are discussed.
Abstract: Durability of Membrane Electrode Assembly for
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells was evaluated in both steady
state and accelerated decay modes. Steady state mode was carried out
at constant current of 800mA/cm2 for 2500 hours using air as cathode
feed and pure hydrogen as anode feed. The degradation of the cell
voltage was 0.015V after such 2500 hrs operation. The degradation
rate was therefore calculated to be 6uV/hr. Continuously Vigorous
fluctuation of the cell voltage, which was switched between OCV and
0.2V, was employed for the accelerated decay mode. No obvious
change in performance of the MEA was observed after 10000 cycles
of such operation.
Abstract: As technology-based service industries grow
drastically worldwide; companies are recognizing the importance of
market preoccupancy and have made an effort to capture a large
market to gain the upper hand. To this end, a focus on patents can be
used to determine the properties of a technology, as well as to capture
advantages in technical skills, in comparison with the firm’s
competitors. However, technology-based services largely depend not
only on their technological value but also their economic value, due
to the recognized worth that is passed to a plurality of users. Thus, it
is important to determine whether there are any competitors in the
target areas and what services they provide in any field. Despite this
importance, little effort has been made to systematically benchmark
competitors in order to identify business opportunities. Thus, this
study aims to not only identify each position of technology-centered
service companies in complex market dynamics, but also to discover
new business opportunities. For this, we try to consider both
technology and market environments simultaneously by utilizing
patent data as a representative proxy for technology and trademark
dates as an index for a firm’s target goods and services. Theoretically,
this is one of the earliest attempts to combine patent data and
trademark data to analyze corporate strategies. In practice, the
research results are expected to be used as a decision criterion to
diagnose the economic value that companies can obtain by entering
the market, as well as the technological value to be passed onto their
customers. Thus, the proposed approach can be useful to support
effective technology and business strategies in a firm.
Abstract: With the flourishing development of online shopping,
an increasing number of customers see online shopping as an
entertaining experience. Because the online consumer has a double
identity as a shopper and an Internet user, online shopping should offer
hedonic values of shopping and Internet usage. The purpose of this
study is to investigate hedonic online shopping motivations from the
perspectives of traditional hedonic value and flow theory.
The study adopted a focus group interview method, including two
online and two offline interviews. Four focus groups of shoppers
consisted of online professionals, online college students, offline
professionals and offline college students. The results of the study
indicate that traditional hedonic values and dimensions of flow theory
exist in the online shopping environment. The study indicated that
online shoppers seem to appreciate being able to learn things and grow
to become competitive achievers online. Comparisons of online
hedonic motivations between groups are conducted. This study serves
as a basis for the future growth of Internet marketing.
Abstract: The composite pavement system considered in this
paper is composed of a functional surface layer, a fiber reinforced
asphalt middle layer and a fiber reinforced lean concrete base layer.
The mix design of the fiber reinforced lean concrete corresponds to the
mix composition of conventional lean concrete but reinforced by
fibers. The quasi-absence of research on the durability or long-term
performances (fatigue, creep, etc.) of such mix design stresses the
necessity to evaluate experimentally the long-term characteristics of
this layer composition. This study tests the creep characteristics as one
of the long-term characteristics of the fiber reinforced lean concrete
layer for composite pavement using a new creep device. The test
results reveal that the lean concrete mixed with fiber reinforcement
and fly ash develops smaller creep than the conventional lean
concrete. The results of the application of the CEB-FIP prediction
equation indicate that a modified creep prediction equation should be
developed to fit with the new mix design of the layer.
Abstract: Future mobile networks following 5th generation will
be characterized by one thousand times higher gains in capacity;
connections for at least one hundred billion devices; user experience
capable of extremely low latency and response times. To be close to
the capacity requirements and higher reliability, advanced
technologies have been studied, such as multiple connectivity, small
cell enhancement, heterogeneous networking, and advanced
interference and mobility management. This paper is focused on the
multiple connectivity in heterogeneous cellular networks. We
investigate the performance of coverage and user throughput in several
deployment scenarios. Using the stochastic geometry approach, the
SINR distributions and the coverage probabilities are derived in case
of dual connection. Also, to compare the user throughput enhancement
among the deployment scenarios, we calculate the spectral efficiency
and discuss our results.
Abstract: Fluid viscous damping systems are well suited for
many air vehicles subjected to shock and vibration. These damping
system work with the principle of viscous fluid throttling through the
orifice to create huge pressure difference between compression and
rebound chamber and obtain the required damping force. One
application of such systems is its use in aircraft door system to
counteract the door’s velocity and safely stop it. In exigency
situations like crash or emergency landing where the door doesn’t
open easily, possibly due to unusually tilting of fuselage or some
obstacles or intrusion of debris obstruction to move the parts of the
door, such system can be combined with other systems to provide
needed force to forcefully open the door and also securely stop it
simultaneously within the required time i.e. less than 8 seconds. In
the present study, a hydraulic system called snubber along with other
systems like actuator, gas bottle assembly which together known as
emergency power assist system (EPAS) is designed, built and
experimentally studied to check the magnitude of angular velocity,
damping force and time required to effectively open the door.
Whenever needed, the gas pressure from the bottle is released to
actuate the actuator and at the same time pull the snubber’s piston to
operate the emergency opening of the door. Such EPAS installed in
the suspension arm of the aircraft door is studied explicitly changing
parameters like orifice size, oil level, oil viscosity and bypass valve
gap and its spring of the snubber at varying temperature to generate
the optimum design case. Comparative analysis of the EPAS at
several cases is done and conclusions are made. It is found that
during emergency condition, the system opening time and angular
velocity, when snubber with 0.3mm piston and shaft orifice and
bypass valve gap of 0.5 mm with its original spring is used, shows
significant improvement over the old ones.
Abstract: A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is
developed for rechargeable non-aqueous electrolyte lithium-air
batteries with a partial opening for oxygen supply to the cathode.
Multi-phase transport phenomena occurred in the battery are
considered, including dissolved lithium ions and oxygen gas in the
liquid electrolyte, solid-phase electron transfer in the porous
functional materials and liquid-phase charge transport in the
electrolyte. These transport processes are coupled with the
electrochemical reactions at the active surfaces, and effects of
discharge reaction-generated solid Li2O2 on the transport properties
and the electrochemical reaction rate are evaluated and implemented
in the model. The predicted results are discussed and analyzed in terms
of the spatial and transient distribution of various parameters, such as
local oxygen concentration, reaction rate, variable solid Li2O2 volume
fraction and porosity, as well as the effective diffusion coefficients. It
is found that the effect of the solid Li2O2 product deposited at the solid
active surfaces is significant on the transport phenomena and the
overall battery performance.