Abstract: A scheme integrated with deterministic–stochastic subspace system identification and the method of damage localization vector is proposed in this study for damage detection of structures based on seismic response data. A series of shaking table tests using a five-storey steel frame has been conducted in National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE), Taiwan. Damage condition is simulated by reducing the cross-sectional area of some of the columns at the bottom. Both single and combinations of multiple damage conditions at various locations have been considered. In the system identification analysis, either full or partial observation conditions have been taken into account. It has been shown that the damaged stories can be identified from global responses of the structure to earthquakes if sufficiently observed. In addition to detecting damage(s) with respect to the intact structure, identification of new or extended damages of the as-damaged (ill-conditioned) counterpart has also been studied. The proposed scheme proves to be effective.
Abstract: In this paper we study some properties of GC-projective, injective and flat modules, where C is a semidualizing module and we discuss some connections between GC-projective, injective and flat modules , and we consider these properties under change of rings such that completions of rings, Morita equivalences and the localizations.
Abstract: This paper studied the CSS-based indoor localization system which is easy to implement, inexpensive to compose the systems, additionally CSS-based indoor localization system covers larger area than other system. However, this system has problem which is affected by reflected distance data. This problem in localization is caused by the multi-path effect. Error caused by multi-path is difficult to be corrected because the indoor environment cannot be described. In this paper, in order to solve the problem by multi-path, we have supplemented the localization system by using pattern matching method based on extended database. Thereby, this method improves precision of estimated. Also this method is verified by experiments in gymnasium. Database was constructed by 1m intervals, and 16 sample data were collected from random position inside the region of DB points. As a result, this paper shows higher accuracy than existing method through graph and table.
Abstract: The use of anatomical landmarks as a basis for image to patient registration is appealing because the registration may be performed retrospectively. We have previously proposed the use of two anatomical soft tissue landmarks of the head, the canthus (corner of the eye) and the tragus (a small, pointed, cartilaginous flap of the ear), as a registration basis for an automated CT image to patient registration system, and described their localization in patient space using close range photogrammetry. In this paper, the automatic localization of these landmarks in CT images, based on their curvature saliency and using a rule based system that incorporates prior knowledge of their characteristics, is described. Existing approaches to landmark localization in CT images are predominantly semi-automatic and primarily for localizing internal landmarks. To validate our approach, the positions of the landmarks localized automatically and manually in near isotropic CT images of 102 patients were compared. The average difference was 1.2mm (std = 0.9mm, max = 4.5mm) for the medial canthus and 0.8mm (std = 0.6mm, max = 2.6mm) for the tragus. The medial canthus and tragus can be automatically localized in CT images, with performance comparable to manual localization, based on the approach presented.
Abstract: This paper produces a new approach for power quality analysis using a windowing technique based on Continuous S-transform (CST). This half-cycle window technique approach can detect almost correctly for initial detection of disturbances i.e. voltage sags, swells, and transients. Samples in half cycle window has been analyzed based continuous S-transform for entire disturbance waveform. The modified parameter has been produced by MATLAB programming m-file based on continuous s-transform. CST has better time frequency and localization property than traditional and also has ability to detect the disturbance under noisy condition correctly. The excellent time-frequency resolution characteristic of the CST makes it the most an attractive candidate for analysis of power system disturbances signals.
Abstract: This paper suggests using smartphones and community GPS application to make alerts more accurate and therefore positively influence the entire warning process. The paper is based on formerly published paper describing a Radio-HELP system. It summarizes existing methods and lists the advantages of proposed solution. The paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each possible input, processing and output of the warning system.
Abstract: The Maximum entropy principle in spectral analysis
was used as an estimator of Direction of Arrival (DoA) of
electromagnetic or acoustic sources impinging on an array of sensors,
indeed the maximum entropy operator is very efficient when the
signals of the radiating sources are ergodic and complex zero mean
random processes which is the case for cosmic sources. In this paper,
we present basic review of the maximum entropy method (MEM)
which consists of rank one operator but not a projector, and we
elaborate a new operator which is full rank and sum of all possible
projectors. Two dimensional Simulation results based on Monte
Carlo trials prove the resolution power of the new operator where the
MEM presents some erroneous fluctuations.
Abstract: Localization and Recognition of License registration characters from the moving vehicle is a computationally complex task in the field of machine vision and is of substantial interest because of its diverse applications such as cross border security, law enforcement and various other intelligent transportation applications. Previous research used the plate specific details such as aspect ratio, character style, color or dimensions of the plate in the complex task of plate localization. In this paper, license registration character is localized by Enhanced Weight based density map (EWBDM) method, which is independent of such constraints. In connection with our previous method, this paper proposes a method that relaxes constraints in lighting conditions, different fonts of character occurred in the plate and plates with hand-drawn characters in various aspect quotients. The robustness of this method is well suited for applications where the appearance of plates seems to be varied widely. Experimental results show that this approach is suited for recognizing license plates in different external environments.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a localization of a mobile robot with localization modules which have two ceiling-view cameras in indoor environments. We propose two kinds of localization method. The one is the localization in the local space; we use the line feature and the corner feature between the ceiling and wall. The other is the localization in the large space; we use the natural features such as bulbs, structures on the ceiling. These methods are installed on the embedded module able to mount on the robot. The embedded module has two cameras to be able to localize in both the local space and the large spaces. The experiment is practiced in our indoor test-bed and a government office. The proposed method is proved by the experimental results.
Abstract: We investigate sonic cues for binaural sound localization within classrooms and present a structural model for the same. Two of the primary cues for localization, interaural time difference (ITD) and interaural level difference (ILD) created between the two ears by sounds from a particular point in space, are used. Although these cues do not lend any information about the elevation of a sound source, the torso, head, and outer ear carry out elevation dependent spectral filtering of sounds before they reach the inner ear. This effect is commonly captured in head related transfer function (HRTF) which aids in resolving the ambiguity from the ITDs and ILDs alone and helps localize sounds in free space. The proposed structural model of HRTF produces well controlled horizontal as well as vertical effects. The implemented HRTF is a signal processing model which tries to mimic the physical effects of the sounds interacting with different parts of the body. The effectiveness of the method is tested by synthesizing spatial audio, in MATLAB, for use in listening tests with human subjects and is found to yield satisfactory results in comparison with existing models.
Abstract: A robust still image face localization algorithm
capable of operating in an unconstrained visual environment is
proposed. First, construction of a robust skin classifier within a
shifted HSV color space is described. Then various filtering
operations are performed to better isolate face candidates and
mitigate the effect of substantial non-skin regions. Finally, a novel
Bhattacharyya-based face detection algorithm is used to compare
candidate regions of interest with a unique illumination-dependent
face model probability distribution function approximation.
Experimental results show a 90% face detection success rate despite
the demands of the visually noisy environment.
Abstract: Recently, the Spherical Motion Models (SMM-s) have been introduced [1]. These new models have been developed for 3D local landmark-base Autonomous Navigation (AN). This paper is revealing new arguments and experimental results to support the SMM-s characteristics. The accuracy and the robustness in performing a specific task are the main concerns of the new investigations. To analyze their performances of the SMM-s, the most powerful tools of estimation theory, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF), which give the best estimations in noisy environments, have been employed. The Monte Carlo validation implementations used to test the stability and robustness of the models have been employed as well.
Abstract: This paper presents the novel Rao-Blackwellised
particle filter (RBPF) for mobile robot simultaneous localization and
mapping (SLAM) using monocular vision. The particle filter is
combined with unscented Kalman filter (UKF) to extending the path
posterior by sampling new poses that integrate the current observation
which drastically reduces the uncertainty about the robot pose. The
landmark position estimation and update is also implemented through
UKF. Furthermore, the number of resampling steps is determined
adaptively, which seriously reduces the particle depletion problem,
and introducing the evolution strategies (ES) for avoiding particle
impoverishment. The 3D natural point landmarks are structured with
matching Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) feature pairs. The
matching for multi-dimension SIFT features is implemented with a
KD-Tree in the time cost of O(log2
N). Experiment results on real robot
in our indoor environment show the advantages of our methods over
previous approaches.
Abstract: Iris-based biometric system is gaining its importance in several applications. However, processing of iris biometric is a challenging and time consuming task. Detection of iris part in an eye image poses a number of challenges such as, inferior image quality, occlusion of eyelids and eyelashes etc. Due to these problems it is not possible to achieve 100% accuracy rate in any iris-based biometric authentication systems. Further, iris detection is a computationally intensive task in the overall iris biometric processing. In this paper, we address these two problems and propose a technique to localize iris part efficiently and accurately. We propose scaling and color level transform followed by thresholding, finding pupil boundary points for pupil boundary detection and dilation, thresholding, vertical edge detection and removal of unnecessary edges present in the eye images for iris boundary detection. Scaling reduces the search space significantly and intensity level transform is helpful for image thresholding. Experimental results show that our approach is comparable with the existing approaches. Following our approach it is possible to detect iris part with 95-99% accuracy as substantiated by our experiments on CASIA Ver-3.0, ICE 2005, UBIRIS, Bath and MMU iris image databases.
Abstract: Because of the great advance in multimedia
technology, digital multimedia is vulnerable to malicious
manipulations. In this paper, a public key self-recovery block-based
video authentication technique is proposed which can not only
precisely localize the alteration detection but also recover the missing
data with high reliability. In the proposed block-based technique,
multiple description coding MDC is used to generate two codes (two
descriptions) for each block. Although one block code (one
description) is enough to rebuild the altered block, the altered block
is rebuilt with better quality by the two block descriptions. So using
MDC increases the ratability of recovering data. A block signature is
computed using a cryptographic hash function and a doubly linked
chain is utilized to embed the block signature copies and the block
descriptions into the LSBs of distant blocks and the block itself. The
doubly linked chain scheme gives the proposed technique the
capability to thwart vector quantization attacks. In our proposed
technique , anyone can check the authenticity of a given video using
the public key. The experimental results show that the proposed
technique is reliable for detecting, localizing and recovering the
alterations.
Abstract: Technology transfer is a common method for
companies to acquire new technology and presents both challenges
and substantial benefits. In some cases especially in developing
countries, the mere possession of technology does not guarantee a
competitive advantage if the appropriate infrastructure is not in place.
In this paper, we identify the localization factors needed to provide a
better understanding of the conditions necessary for localization in
order to benefit from future technology developments. Our
theoretical and empirical analyses allow us to identify several factors
in the technology transfer process that affect localization and provide
leverage in enhancing capabilities and absorptive capacity.The
impact factors are categorized within different groups of government,
firms, institutes and market, and are verified through the empirical
survey of a technology transfer experience. Moreover, statistical
analysis has allowed a deeper understanding of the importance of
each factor and has enabled each group to prioritize their
organizational policies to effectively localize their technology.
Abstract: Generally, in order to create 3D sound using binaural
systems, we use head related transfer functions (HRTF) including the
information of sounds which is arrived to our ears. But it can decline
some three-dimensional effects in the area of a cone of confusion
between front and back directions, because of the characteristics of
HRTF.
In this paper, we propose a new method to use psychoacoustics
theory that reduces the confusion of sound image localization. In the
method, HRTF spectrum characteristic is enhanced by using the
energy ratio of the bark band. Informal listening tests show that the
proposed method improves the front-back sound localization
characteristics much better than the conventional methods
Abstract: This paper provides an introduction into the
evolution of information and communication technology and illustrates its usage in the work domain. The paper is sub-divided into two parts. The first part gives an overview over the different
phases of information processing in the work domain. It starts by
charting the past and present usage of computers in work
environments and shows current technological trends, which are likely to influence future business applications. The second part
starts by briefly describing, how the usage of computers changed business processes in the past, and presents first Ambient
Intelligence applications based on identification and localization
information, which are already used in the production and retail sector. Based on current systems and prototype applications, the
paper gives an outlook of how Ambient Intelligence technologies could change business processes in the future.
Abstract: AAM (active appearance model) has been successfully
applied to face and facial feature localization. However, its performance is sensitive to initial parameter values. In this paper, we propose a two-stage AAM for robust face alignment, which first fits an
inner face-AAM model to the inner facial feature points of the face and then localizes the whole face and facial features by optimizing the
whole face-AAM model parameters. Experiments show that the proposed face alignment method using two-stage AAM is more reliable to the background and the head pose than the standard
AAM-based face alignment method.
Abstract: Recently research on human wayfinding has focused
mainly on mental representations rather than processes of
wayfinding. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the
rationality behind applying multi-agent simulation paradigm to the
modeling of rescuer team wayfinding in order to develop
computational theory of perceptual wayfinding in crisis situations
using image schemata and affordances, which explains how people
find a specific destination in an unfamiliar building such as a
hospital. The hypothesis of this paper is that successful navigation is
possible if the agents are able to make the correct decision through
well-defined cues in critical cases, so the design of the building
signage is evaluated through the multi-agent-based simulation. In
addition, a special case of wayfinding in a building, finding one-s
way through three hospitals, is used to demonstrate the model.
Thereby, total rescue time for rescue operation during building fire is
computed. This paper discuses the computed rescue time for various
signage localization and provides experimental result for
optimization of building signage design. Therefore the most
appropriate signage design resulted in the shortest total rescue time in
various situations.