Abstract: In this paper we present a new approach to deal with
image segmentation. The fact that a single segmentation result do not
generally allow a higher level process to take into account all the
elements included in the image has motivated the consideration of
image segmentation as a multiobjective optimization problem. The
proposed algorithm adopts a split/merge strategy that uses the result
of the k-means algorithm as input for a quantum evolutionary
algorithm to establish a set of non-dominated solutions. The
evaluation is made simultaneously according to two distinct features:
intra-region homogeneity and inter-region heterogeneity. The
experimentation of the new approach on natural images has proved
its efficiency and usefulness.
Abstract: As mobile service's subscriber is increasing; mobile
contents services are getting more and more variables. So, mobile
contents development needs not only contents design but also
guideline for just mobile. And when mobile contents are developed, it
is important to pass the limit and restriction of the mobile. The
restrictions of mobile are small browser and screen size, limited
download size and uncomfortable navigation. So each contents of
mobile guideline will be presented for user's usability, easy of
development and consistency of rule. This paper will be proposed
methodology which is each contents of mobile guideline. Mobile web
will be developed by mobile guideline which I proposed.
Abstract: Artificial atoms are growing fields of interest due to their physical and optoelectronicapplications. The absorption spectra of the proposed artificial atom inpresence of Tera-Hertz field is investigated theoretically. We use the non-perturbativeFloquet theory and finite difference method to study the electronic structure of ArtificialAtom. The effect of static electric field on the energy levels of artificial atom is studied.The effect of orientation of static electric field on energy levels and diploe matrix elementsis also highlighted.
Abstract: Analytical investigation of the free vibration behavior
of circular functionally graded (FG) plates integrated with two
uniformly distributed actuator layers made of piezoelectric (PZT4)
material on the top and bottom surfaces of the circular FG plate
based on the classical plate theory (CPT) is presented in this paper.
The material properties of the functionally graded substrate plate are
assumed to be graded in the thickness direction according to the
power-law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the
constituents and the distribution of electric potential field along the
thickness direction of piezoelectric layers is simulated by a quadratic
function. The differential equations of motion are solved analytically
for clamped edge boundary condition of the plate. The detailed
mathematical derivations are presented and Numerical investigations
are performed for FG plates with two surface-bonded piezoelectric
layers. Emphasis is placed on investigating the effect of varying the
gradient index of FG plate on the free vibration characteristics of the
structure. The results are verified by those obtained from threedimensional
finite element analyses.
Abstract: A way of achieving nanodimentional structural elements in high carbon steel by special kind of heat treatment and cold plastic deformation is being explored. This leads to increasing interlamellar spacing of ferrite-carbide mixture. Decreasing the interlamellar spacing with cooling temperature increasing is determined. Experiments confirm such interlamellar spacing with which high carbon steel demonstrates the highest treatment and hardening capability. Total deformation degree effect on interlamellar spacing value in a ferrite-carbide mixture is obtained. Mechanical experiments results show that high carbon steel after heat treatment and repetitive cold plastic deformation possesses high tensile strength and yield strength keeping good percentage elongation.
Abstract: This article describes Uruk, the virtual museum of
Iraq that we developed for visual exploration and retrieval of image
collections. The system largely exploits the loosely-structured
hierarchy of XML documents that provides a useful representation
method to store semi-structured or unstructured data, which does not
easily fit into existing database. The system offers users the
capability to mine and manage the XML-based image collections
through a web-based Graphical User Interface (GUI). Typically, at an
interactive session with the system, the user can browse a visual
structural summary of the XML database in order to select interesting
elements. Using this intermediate result, queries combining structure
and textual references can be composed and presented to the system.
After query evaluation, the full set of answers is presented in a visual
and structured way.
Abstract: Explosive forming is one of the unconventional
techniques in which, most commonly, the water is used as the
pressure transmission medium. One of the newest methods in
explosive forming is gas detonation forming which uses a normal
shock wave derived of gas detonation, to form sheet metals. For this
purpose a detonation is developed from the reaction of H2+O2
mixture in a long cylindrical detonation tube. The detonation wave
goes through the detonation tube and acts as a blast load on the steel
blank and forms it. Experimental results are compared with a finite
element model; and the comparison of the experimental and
numerical results obtained from strain, thickness variation and
deformed geometry is carried out. Numerical and experimental
results showed approximately 75 – 90 % similarity in formability of
desired shape. Also optimum percent of gas mixture obtained when
we mix 68% H2 with 32% O2.
Abstract: In this paper, we will generate the wreath product
11 12 M wrM using only two permutations. Also, we will show the
structure of some groups containing the wreath product 11 12 M wrM .
The structure of the groups founded is determined in terms of wreath
product k (M wrM ) wrC 11 12 . Some related cases are also included.
Also, we will show that 132K+1 S and 132K+1 A can be generated
using the wreath product k (M wrM ) wrC 11 12 and a transposition in
132K+1 S and an element of order 3 in 132K+1 A . We will also show
that 132K+1 S and 132K+1 A can be generated using the wreath
product 11 12 M wrM and an element of order k +1.
Abstract: In this work a new method for low complexity
image coding is presented, that permits different settings and great
scalability in the generation of the final bit stream. This coding
presents a continuous-tone still image compression system that
groups loss and lossless compression making use of finite arithmetic
reversible transforms. Both transformation in the space of color and
wavelet transformation are reversible. The transformed coefficients
are coded by means of a coding system in depending on a
subdivision into smaller components (CFDS) similar to the bit
importance codification. The subcomponents so obtained are
reordered by means of a highly configure alignment system
depending on the application that makes possible the re-configure of
the elements of the image and obtaining different importance levels
from which the bit stream will be generated. The subcomponents of
each importance level are coded using a variable length entropy
coding system (VBLm) that permits the generation of an embedded
bit stream. This bit stream supposes itself a bit stream that codes a
compressed still image. However, the use of a packing system on the
bit stream after the VBLm allows the realization of a final highly
scalable bit stream from a basic image level and one or several
improvement levels.
Abstract: Sandwich panels are widely used in the construction
industry for their ease of assembly, light weight and efficient thermal
performance. They are composed of two RC thin outer layers
separated by an insulating inner layer. In this research the inner
insulating layer is made of lightweight Autoclaved Aerated Concrete
(AAC) blocks which has good thermal insulation properties and yet
possess reasonable mechanical strength. The shear strength of the
AAC infill is relied upon to replace the traditionally used insulating
foam and to provide the shear capacity of the panel. A
comprehensive experimental program was conducted on full scale
sandwich panels subjected to bending. In this paper, detailed
numerical modeling of the tested sandwich panels is reported. Nonlinear
3-D finite element modeling of the composite action of the
sandwich panel is developed using ANSYS. Solid elements with
different crashing and cracking capabilities and different constitutive
laws were selected for the concrete and the AAC. Contact interface
elements are used in this research to adequately model the shear
transfer at the interface between the different layers. The numerical
results showed good correlation with the experimental ones
indicating the adequacy of the model in estimating the loading
capacity of panels.
Abstract: We provide a maximum norm analysis of a finite
element Schwarz alternating method for a nonlinear elliptic boundary
value problem of the form -Δu = f(u), on two overlapping sub
domains with non matching grids. We consider a domain which is
the union of two overlapping sub domains where each sub domain
has its own independently generated grid. The two meshes being
mutually independent on the overlap region, a triangle belonging to
one triangulation does not necessarily belong to the other one. Under
a Lipschitz assumption on the nonlinearity, we establish, on each sub
domain, an optimal L∞ error estimate between the discrete Schwarz
sequence and the exact solution of the boundary value problem.
Abstract: An array antenna system with innovative signal
processing can improve the resolution of a source direction of arrival
(DoA) estimation. High resolution techniques take the advantage of
array antenna structures to better process the incoming waves. They
also have the capability to identify the direction of multiple targets.
This paper investigates performance of the DOA estimation
algorithm namely; Capon and MUSIC on the uniform linear array
(ULA). The simulation results show that in Capon and MUSIC
algorithm the resolution of the DOA techniques improves as number
of snapshots, number of array elements, signal-to-noise ratio and
separation angle between the two sources θ increases.
Abstract: This paper features the mathematical modeling of a single input single output based Timoshenko smart beam. Further, this mathematical model is used to design a multirate output feedback based discrete sliding mode controller using Bartoszewicz law to suppress the flexural vibrations. The first 2 dominant vibratory modes is retained. Here, an application of the discrete sliding mode control in smart systems is presented. The algorithm uses a fast output sampling based sliding mode control strategy that would avoid the use of switching in the control input and hence avoids chattering. This method does not need the measurement of the system states for feedback as it makes use of only the output samples for designing the controller. Thus, this methodology is more practical and easy to implement.
Abstract: This paper presents a linear-elastic finite element method based flattening algorithm for three dimensional triangular surfaces. First, an intrinsic characteristic preserving method is used to obtain the initial developing graph, which preserves the angles and length ratios between two adjacent edges. Then, an iterative equation is established based on linear-elastic finite element method and the flattening result with an equilibrium state of internal force is obtained by solving this iterative equation. The results show that complex surfaces can be dealt with this proposed method, which is an efficient tool for the applications in computer aided design, such as mould design.
Abstract: The lifelong learning is a crucial element in the
modernization of European education and training systems. The most
important actors in the development process of the lifelong learning
are the trainers, whose professional characteristics need new
competences and skills in the current labour market. The main
objective of this paper is to establish an importance ranking of the
new competences, capabilities and skills that the lifelong learning
Spanish trainers must possess nowadays. A wide study of secondary
sources has allowed the design of a questionnaire that organizes the
trainer-s skills and competences. The e-Delphi method is used for
realizing a creative, individual and anonymous evaluation by experts
on the importance ranking that presents the criteria, sub-criteria and
indicators of the e-Delphi questionnaire. Twenty Spanish experts in
the lifelong learning have participated in two rounds of the e-
DELPHI method. In the first round, the analysis of the experts-
evaluation has allowed to establish the ranking of the most
importance criteria, sub-criteria and indicators and to eliminate the
least valued. The minimum level necessary to reach the consensus
among experts has been achieved in the second round.
Abstract: The transient thermoelastic response of thick hollow cylinder made of functionally graded material under thermal loading is studied. The generalized coupled thermoelasticity based on the Green-Lindsay model is used. The thermal and mechanical properties of the functionally graded material are assumed to be varied in the radial direction according to a power law variation as a function of the volume fractions of the constituents. The thermal and elastic governing equations are solved by using Galerkin finite element method. All the finite element calculations were done by using commercial finite element program FlexPDE. The transient temperature, radial displacement, and thermal stresses distribution through the radial direction of the cylinder are plotted.
Abstract: Tea is consumed by a big part of the world-s
population. It has an enormous importance for the Turkish culture.
Nearly it is brewed every morning and evening at the all houses. Also it is consumed with lemon wedge. Habitual drinking of tea
infusions may significantly contribute to daily dietary requirements of elements.
Different instrumental techniques are used for determination of
these elements. But atomic and mass spectroscopic methods are preferred most. In these study chromium, iron and selenium contents
after the hot water brewing of black and green tea were determined
by Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Furthermore, effect
of lemon addition on chromium, iron and selenium concentration tea
infusions is investigated.
Results of the investigation showed that concentration of
chromium, iron and selenium increased in black tea with lemon addition. On the other hand only selenium is increased with lemon
addition in green tea. And iron concentration is not detected in green
tea but its concentration is determined as 1.420 ppm after lemon addition.
Abstract: A dent is a gross distortion of the pipe cross-section.
Dent depth is defined as the maximum reduction in the diameter of
the pipe compared to the original diameter. Pipeline dent finite
element (FE) simulation and theoretical analysis are conducted in this
paper to develop an understanding of the geometric characteristics
and strain distribution in the pressurized dented pipe. Based on the
results, the magnitude of the denting force increases significantly
with increasing the internal pressure, and the maximum
circumferential and longitudinal strains increase by increasing the
internal pressure and the dent depth. The results can be used for
characterizing dents and ranking their risks to the integrity of a
pipeline.
Abstract: In this paper delamination phenomenon in
Carbon-Epoxy laminated composite material is investigated
numerically. Arcan apparatus and specimen is modeled in ABAQUS
finite element software for different loading conditions and crack
geometries. The influence of variation of crack geometry on
interlaminar fracture stress intensity factor and energy release rate for
various mixed mode ratios and pure mode I and II was studied. Also,
correction factors for this specimen for different crack length ratios
were calculated. The finite element results indicate that for loading
angles close to pure mode-II loading, a high ratio of mode-II to
mode-I fracture is dominant and there is an opposite trend for loading
angles close to pure mode-I loading. It confirms that by varying the
loading angle of Arcan specimen pure mode-I, pure mode-II and a
wide range of mixed-mode loading conditions can be created and
tested. Also, numerical results confirm that the increase of the mode-
II loading contribution leads to an increase of fracture resistance in
the CF/PEI composite (i.e., a reduction in the total strain energy
release rate) and the increase of the crack length leads to a reduction
of interlaminar fracture resistance in the CF/PEI composite (i.e., an
increase in the total interlaminar strain energy release rate).
Abstract: In this paper, the effect of width and height of the
model on the earthquake response in the finite element method is
discussed. For this purpose an earth dam as a soil structure under
earthquake has been considered. Various dam-foundation models are
analyzed by Plaxis, a finite element package for solving geotechnical
problems. The results indicate considerable differences in the seismic
responses.