Abstract: Arc welding is an important joining process widely used in many industrial applications including production of automobile, ships structures and metal tanks. In welding process, the moving electrode causes highly non-uniform temperature distribution that leads to residual stresses and different deviations, especially buckling distortions in thin plates. In order to control the deviations and increase the quality of welded plates, a fixture can be used as a practical and low cost method with high efficiency. In this study, a coupled thermo-mechanical finite element model is coded in the software ANSYS to simulate the behavior of thin plates located by a 3-2-1 positioning system during the welding process. Computational results are compared with recent similar works to validate the finite element models. The agreement between the result of proposed model and other reported data proves that finite element modeling can accurately predict the behavior of welded thin plates.
Abstract: As far as the latest technological improvements are concerned, digital systems more become popular than the past. Despite this growing demand to the digital systems, content copy and attack against the digital cinema contents becomes a serious problem. To solve the above security problem, we propose “traceable watermarking using Hash functions for digital cinema system. Digital Cinema is a great application for traceable watermarking since it uses watermarking technology during content play as well as content transmission. The watermark is embedded into the randomly selected movie frames using CRC-32 techniques. CRC-32 is a Hash function. Using it, the embedding position is distributed by Hash Function so that any party cannot break off the watermarking or will not be able to change. Finally, our experimental results show that proposed DWT watermarking method using CRC-32 is much better than the convenient watermarking techniques in terms of robustness, image quality and its simple but unbreakable algorithm.
Abstract: This paper proposes a novel methodology for enabling
debugging and tracing of production web applications without
affecting its normal flow and functionality. This method of debugging
enables developers and maintenance engineers to replace a set of
existing resources such as images, server side scripts, cascading
style sheets with another set of resources per web session. The new
resources will only be active in the debug session and other sessions
will not be affected. This methodology will help developers in tracing
defects, especially those that appear only in production environments
and in exploring the behaviour of the system. A realization of the
proposed methodology has been implemented in Java.
Abstract: This paper presents an approach for repairing word order errors in English text by reordering words in a sentence and choosing the version that maximizes the number of trigram hits according to a language model. A possible way for reordering the words is to use all the permutations. The problem is that for a sentence with length N words the number of all permutations is N!. The novelty of this method concerns the use of an efficient confusion matrix technique for reordering the words. The confusion matrix technique has been designed in order to reduce the search space among permuted sentences. The limitation of search space is succeeded using the statistical inference of N-grams. The results of this technique are very interesting and prove that the number of permuted sentences can be reduced by 98,16%. For experimental purposes a test set of TOEFL sentences was used and the results show that more than 95% can be repaired using the proposed method.
Abstract: This paper presents an approach for the design of
fuzzy logic power system stabilizers using genetic algorithms. In the
proposed fuzzy expert system, speed deviation and its derivative
have been selected as fuzzy inputs. In this approach the parameters of
the fuzzy logic controllers have been tuned using genetic algorithm.
Incorporation of GA in the design of fuzzy logic power system
stabilizer will add an intelligent dimension to the stabilizer and
significantly reduces computational time in the design process. It is
shown in this paper that the system dynamic performance can be
improved significantly by incorporating a genetic-based searching
mechanism. To demonstrate the robustness of the genetic based
fuzzy logic power system stabilizer (GFLPSS), simulation studies on
multimachine system subjected to small perturbation and three-phase
fault have been carried out. Simulation results show the superiority
and robustness of GA based power system stabilizer as compare to
conventionally tuned controller to enhance system dynamic
performance over a wide range of operating conditions.
Abstract: This article refers to the action of Kazakh
intelligentsia towards the formation of national state and their
attempt for reconstruction of national independence and building the
way to nowadays- independence through reviewing the history of our
national ideology.
Abstract: This article presents the implementation of several
different e/b-Learning collaborative activities, used to improve the
students learning process in an high school Polytechnic Institution. A
new learning model arises, based on a combination between face-toface
and distance leaning. Learning is now becoming centered with
the development of collaborative activities, and its actors (teachers
and students) have to be re-socialized to a new e/b-Learning
paradigm. Measuring approaches are proposed for this model and
results are presented, showing prospective correlation between
students learning success and the use of online collaborative
activities.
Abstract: Cow milk, is a product of the mammary gland and
soymilk is a beverage made from soybeans; it is the liquid that
remains after soybeans are soaked. In this research effort, we
compared nutritional parameters of this two kind milk such as total
fat, fiber, protein, minerals (Ca, Fe and P), fatty acids, carbohydrate,
lactose, water, total solids, ash, pH, acidity and calories content in
one cup (245 g). Results showed soymilk contains 4.67 grams of fat,
0.52 of fatty acids, 3.18 of fiber, 6.73 of protein, 4.43 of
carbohydrate, 0.00 of lactose, 228.51 of water, 10.40 of total solids
and 0.66 of ash, also 9.80 milligrams of Ca, 1.42 of Fe, and 120.05 of
P, 79 Kcal of calories, pH=6.74 and acidity was 0.24%. Cow milk
contains 8.15 grams of fat, 5.07 of fatty acids, 0.00 of fiber, 8.02 of
protein, 11.37 of carbohydrate, ´Çá4.27 of lactose, 214.69 of water,
12.90 of total solids, 1.75 of ash, 290.36 milligrams of Ca, 0.12 of
Fe, and 226.92 of P, 150 Kcal of calories, pH=6.90 and acidity was
0.21% . Soy milk is one of plant-based complete proteins and cow
milk is a rich source of nutrients as well. Cow milk is containing near
twice as much fat as and ten times more fatty acids do soymilk. Cow
milk contains greater amounts of mineral (except Fe) it contain more
than three hundred times the amount of Ca and nearly twice the
amount of P as does soymilk but soymilk contains more Fe (ten time
more) than does cow milk. Cow milk and soy milk contain nearly
identical amounts of protein and water and fiber is a big plus, dairy
has none. Although what we choose to drink is really a mater of
personal preference and our health objectives but looking at the
comparison, soy looks like healthier choices.
Abstract: The oleaginous yeasts Lipomyces starkey were grown
in the presence of dairy industry wastewaters (DIW). The yeasts were
able to degrade the organic components of DIW and to produce a
significant fraction of their biomass as triglycerides.
When using DIW from the Ricotta cheese production or residual
whey as growth medium, the L. starkey could be cultured without
dilution nor external organic supplement. On the contrary, the yeasts
could only partially degrade the DIW from the Mozzarella cheese
production, due to the accumulation of a metabolic product beyond
the threshold of toxicity. In this case, a dilution of the DIW was
required to obtain a more efficient degradation of the carbon
compounds and an higher yield in oleaginous biomass.
The fatty acid distribution of the microbial oils obtained showed a
prevalence of oleic acid, and is compatible with the production of a II
generation biodiesel offering a good resistance to oxidation as well as
an excellent cold-performance.
Abstract: Graph partitioning is a NP-hard problem with multiple
conflicting objectives. The graph partitioning should minimize the
inter-partition relationship while maximizing the intra-partition
relationship. Furthermore, the partition load should be evenly
distributed over the respective partitions. Therefore this is a multiobjective
optimization problem (MOO). One of the approaches to
MOO is Pareto optimization which has been used in this paper. The
proposed methods of this paper used to improve the performance are
injecting best solutions of previous runs into the first generation of
next runs and also storing the non-dominated set of previous
generations to combine with later generation's non-dominated set.
These improvements prevent the GA from getting stuck in the local
optima and increase the probability of finding more optimal
solutions. Finally, a simulation research is carried out to investigate
the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results
confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Abstract: Experiments were carried out at the Faculty of Food
Technology of Latvia University of Agriculture (LLU). Soft cheese
Kleo produced in Latvia was packed in a biodegradable PLA without
barrierproperties and VC999 BioPack lidding film PLA, coated with
a barrier of pure silicon oxide (SiOx) and in combination with
modified atmosphere (MAP) the influence on the shelf life was
investigated and compared with some conventional (OPP, PE/PA,
PE/OPA and Multibarrier 60) polymer film impact. Modified
atmosphere consisted of carbon dioxide CO2 (E 290) 30% and
nitrogen N2 (E 941) 70%. The analyzable samples were stored at the
temperature of +4.0±0.5 °C up to 32 days- and analyzed before
packaging and in the 0, 5th, 11th, 15th, 18th, 22nd, 25th, 29th and 32nd
day of storage. The shelf life was extended along to 32 days, good
outside appearance and lactic acid aroma was observed.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the
mucoadhesion and the release of nicotinamide gel formulations using
in vitro methods. An agar plate technique was used to investigate the
adhesiveness of the gels whereas a diffusion apparatus was employed
to determine the release of nicotinamide from the gels. In this
respect, 10% w/w nicotinamide gels containing bioadhesive
polymers: Carbopol 934P (0.5-2% w/w), hydroxypropylmethyl
cellulose (HPMC) (4-10% w/w), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
(SCMC) (4-6% w/w) and methylcellulose 4000 (MC) (3-5% w/w)
were prepared. The gel formulations had pH values in the range of
7.14 - 8.17, which were considered appropriate to oral mucosa
application. In general, the rank order of pH values appeared to be
SCMC > MC4000 > HPMC > Carbopol 934P. Types and
concentrations of polymers used somewhat affected the
adhesiveness. It was found that anionic polymers (Carbopol 934 and
SCMC) adhered more firmly to the agar plate than the neutral
polymers (HPMC and MC 4000). The formulation containing 0.5%
Carbopol 934P (F1) showed the highest release rate. With the
exception of the formulation F1, the neutral polymers tended to give
higher relate rates than the anionic polymers. For oral tissue
treatment, the optimum has to be balanced between the residence
time (adhesiveness) of the formulations and the release rate of the
drug. The formulations containing the anionic polymers: Carbopol
934P or SCMC possessed suitable physical properties (appearance,
pH and viscosity). In addition, for anionic polymer formulations,
justifiable mucoadhesive properties and reasonable release rates of
nicotinamide were achieved. Accordingly, these gel formulations
may be applied for the treatment of oral mucosal lesions.
Abstract: As increasing importance of symbiosis and cooperation among mobile communication industries, the mobile ecosystem has been especially highlighted in academia and practice. The structure of mobile ecosystem is quite complex and the ecological role of actors is important to understand that structure. In this respect, this study aims to explore structure of mobile ecosystem in the case of Korea using inter-industry network analysis. Then, the ecological roles in mobile ecosystem are identified using centrality measures as a result of network analysis: degree of centrality, closeness, and betweenness. The result shows that the manufacturing and service industries are separate. Also, the ecological roles of some actors are identified based on the characteristics of ecological terms: keystone, niche, and dominator. Based on the result of this paper, we expect that the policy makers can formulate the future of mobile industry and healthier mobile ecosystem can be constructed.
Abstract: Palm oil could be converted to cocoa butter equivalent by lipase-catalyzed interesterification. The objective of this research was to investigate the structure modification of palm oil to cocoa butter equivalent using Carica papaya lipase –catalyzed interesterification. The study showed that the compositions of cocoa butter equivalent were affected by acyl donor sources, substrate ratio, initial water of enzyme, reaction time, reaction temperature and the amount of enzyme. Among three acyl donors tested (methyl stearate, ethyl stearate and stearic acid), methyl stearate appeared to be the best acyl donor for incorporation to palm oil structure. The best reaction conditions for cocoa butter equivalent production were : substrate ratio (palm oil : methyl stearate, mol/mol) at 1 : 4, water activity of enzyme at 0.11, reaction time at 4 h, reaction temperature at 45 ° C and 18% by weight of the enzyme. The chemical and physical properties of cocoa butter equivalent were 9.75 ± 0.41% free fatty acid, 44.89 ± 0.84 iodine number, 193.19 ± 0.78 sponification value and melting point at 37-39 °C.
Abstract: The common practice of operating S-rotor is in an
open environment; however there are times when the rotor is
installed in a bounded environment and there might be changes in the
performance of the rotor. This paper presents the changes in the
performance of S-rotor when operated in bounded flows. The
investigation was conducted experimentally to compare the
performance of the rotors in bounded environment against open
environment. Three different rotors models were designed, fabricated
and subjected to experimental measurements. All of the three models
were having 600 mm height and 300 mm Diameter. They were tested
in three different flow environments; namely: partially bounded
environment, fully bounded environment and open environment.
Rotors were found to have better starting up capabilities when
operated in bounded environment. Apart from that, all rotors manage
to achieve higher Power and Torque Coefficients at a higher Tip
Speed Ratio as compared to the open environment.
Abstract: An ethical mandate of the social work profession in the
United States is that BSW and MSW graduates are sufficiently
prepared to both understand diverse cultural values and beliefs and
offer services that are culturally sensitive and relevant to clients. This
skill set is particularly important for social workers in the 21st Century,
given the increasing globalization of the U.S. and world. The purpose
of this paper is to outline a pedagogical model for teaching cultural
competency that resulted in a significant increase in cultural
competency for MSW graduates at Western Kentucky University
(WKU). More specifically, this model is predicated on five specific
culturally sensitive principles and activities that were found to be
highly effective in conveying culturally relevant knowledge and skills
to MSW students at WKU. Future studies can assess the effectiveness
of these principles in other MSW programs across the U.S. and abroad.
Abstract: Routing in mobile ad hoc networks is a challenging task because nodes are free to move randomly. In DSR like all On- Demand routing algorithms, route discovery mechanism is associated with great delay. More Clearly in DSR routing protocol to send route reply packet, when current route breaks, destination seeks a new route. In this paper we try to change route selection mechanism proactively. We also define a link stability parameter in which a stability value is assigned to each link. Given this feature, destination node can estimate stability of routes and can select the best and more stable route. Therefore we can reduce the delay and jitter of sending data packets.
Abstract: Intelligent tutoring systems constitute an evolution of computer-aided educational software. We present here the modules of an intelligent tutoring system for Automatic Control, developed in our department. Through the software application developed,students can perform complete automatic control laboratory experiments, either over the departmental local area network or over the Internet. Monitoring of access to the system (local as well as international), along with student performance statistics, has yielded strongly encouraging results (as of fall 2004), despite the advanced technical content of the presented paradigm, thus showing the potential of the system developed for education and for training.
Abstract: This paper deals with the problem of non-uniform
torsion in thin-walled elastic beams with asymmetric cross-section,
removing the basic concept of a fixed center of twist, necessary in the
Vlasov-s and Benscoter-s theories to obtain a warping stress field
equivalent to zero. In this new torsion/flexure theory, despite of the
classical ones, the warping function will punctually satisfy the first
indefinite equilibrium equation along the beam axis and it wont- be
necessary to introduce the classical congruence condition, to take into
account the effect of the beam restraints. The solution, based on the
Fourier development of the displacement field, is obtained assuming
that the applied external torque is constant along the beam axis and
on both beam ends the unit twist angle and the warping axial
displacement functions are totally restrained.
Finally, in order to verify the feasibility of the proposed method
and to compare it with the classical theories, two applications are
carried out. The first one, relative to an open profile, is necessary to
test the numerical method adopted to find the solution; the second
one, instead, is relative to a simplified containership section,
considered as full restrained in correspondence of two adjacent
transverse bulkheads.
Abstract: Enterprises need a strategic plan to retain their skillful employees and provide their career management, sustain their existence, to have growth and leadership qualities, to reach the objectives to increase the value of the enterprise and to not to be affected from changing demographic structure. In the cases when the long term career expectations of skillful employees are in integrity with the enterprise’s interests, skill management process is directly related to the career management. With a long term plan, the enterprises should cover the labor force need that may arise in the future by using systematic career development programs and be prepared against developments for all times. Skill management is considered as a practice with which career mobility is planned for the skillful employee to be prepared for high level positions. Career planning is the planning of an employee’s progress or promotion within an organization for which he works by developing his knowledge, skills, abilities and motives. Career planning is considered as an individual’s planning his future and the position which he wants to have, the area which he want to work in, the objectives which he want to reach. With the aim of contributing the abovementioned discussion process, career management concept and its perception manner are examined in this study in a comparative manner.