Abstract: A multiple-option analytical model for the evaluation of the energy performance and distribution of aerodynamic forces acting on a vertical-axis Darrieus wind turbine depending on both rotor architecture and operating conditions is presented. For this purpose, a numerical algorithm, capable of generating the desired rotor conformation depending on design geometric parameters, is coupled to a Single/Double-Disk Multiple-Streamtube Blade Element – Momentum code. Both single and double-disk configurations are analyzed and model predictions are compared to literature experimental data in order to test the capability of the code for predicting rotor performance. Effective airfoil characteristics based on local blade Reynolds number are obtained through interpolation of literature low-Reynolds airfoil databases. Some corrections are introduced inside the original model with the aim of simulating also the effects of blade dynamic stall, rotor streamtube expansion and blade finite aspect ratio, for which a new empirical relationship to better fit the experimental data is proposed. In order to predict also open field rotor operation, a freestream wind shear profile is implemented, reproducing the effect of atmospheric boundary layer.
Abstract: The top-heavy demographic of low birth-rate and longer lifespan is a growing social problem, and one of its expected effects will be a shortage of young workers and a growing reliance on a workforce of middle-aged and older people. However, the environment of today's industrial workplace is not particularly suited to middle-aged and older workers, one notable problem being temperature control. Higher temperatures can cause health problems such as heat stroke, and the number of cases increases sharply in people over 65. Moreover, in conditions above 33°C, older people can develop circulatory system disorders, and also have a higher chance of suffering a fatal heart attack. We therefore propose a new method for controlling temperature in the indoor workplace. In this study two different verification experiments were conducted, with the proposed temperature control method being tested in cargo containers and conventional houses. The method's effectiveness was apparent in measurements of temperature and electricity consumption
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the
world among women. Many therapies have been designed to treat
this disease. Mamectomy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are still
the main therapies of breast cancer. However, the results were
unsatisfactory and still far from the ideal treatment.
PM 701is a natural product, has anticancer activity. The bioactive
fraction PMF and subfraction PMFK had been isolated from PM701.
PM 701 and its fractions were proved to have a cytotoxic properties
against different cancer cell lines. This article is directed for the
further examination of lyophilized PM701 and its active fractions on
the growth of breast cancer cells (MCF-7). PM 701, PMF or PMFK
were adding to the cultural medium, where MCF-7 is incubated.
PM 701, PMF or PMFK were able to inhibit significantly the
proliferation of MCF-7 cells, Moreover these new agents were
proved to induce apoptosis of the breast cancer cells; through its
direct effect on the nuclei.
Abstract: Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML) is description language, which belongs to a field Window on World virtual reality system. The file, which is in VRML format, can be interpreted by VRML explorer in three-dimensional scene. VRML was created with aim to represent virtual reality on Internet easier. Development of 3D graphic is connected with Silicon Graphic Corporation. VRML 2.0 is the file format for describing interactive 3D scenes and objects. It can be used in collaboration with www, can be used for 3D complex representations creating of scenes, products or VR applications VRML 2.0 enables represent static and animated objects too. Interesting application of VRML is in area of manufacturing systems presentation.
Abstract: Cobalt was acid nitric leached from a mixed cobaltcopper
oxide with variable acid concentration. Resulting
experimental data were used to analyze effects of increase in acid
concentration, based on a shrinking core model of the process. The
mathematical simulation demonstrated that the time rate of the
dissolution mechanism is an increasing function of acid
concentration. It was also shown that the magnitude of the acid
concentration effect is time dependent and the increase in acid
concentration is more effective at earlier stage of the dissolution than
at later stage. The remaining process parameters are comprehensively
affected by acid concentration and their interaction is synergetic.
Abstract: The nature of wireless ad hoc and sensor networks
make them very attractive to attackers. One of the most popular and
serious attacks in wireless ad hoc networks is wormhole attack and
most proposed protocols to defend against this attack used
positioning devices, synchronized clocks, or directional antennas.
This paper analyzes the nature of wormhole attack and existing
methods of defending mechanism and then proposes round trip time
(RTT) and neighbor numbers based wormhole detection mechanism.
The consideration of proposed mechanism is the RTT between two
successive nodes and those nodes- neighbor number which is needed
to compare those values of other successive nodes. The identification
of wormhole attacks is based on the two faces. The first consideration
is that the transmission time between two wormhole attack affected
nodes is considerable higher than that between two normal neighbor
nodes. The second detection mechanism is based on the fact that by
introducing new links into the network, the adversary increases the
number of neighbors of the nodes within its radius. This system does
not require any specific hardware, has good performance and little
overhead and also does not consume extra energy. The proposed
system is designed in ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV)
routing protocol and analysis and simulations of the proposed system
are performed in network simulator (ns-2).
Abstract: A unique combination of adsorption and
electrochemical regeneration with a proprietary adsorbent material
called Nyex 100 was introduced at the University of Manchester for
waste water treatment applications. Nyex 100 is based on graphite
intercalation compound. It is non porous and electrically conducing
adsorbent material. This material exhibited very small BET surface
area i.e. 2.75 m2g-1, in consequence, small adsorptive capacities for
the adsorption of various organic pollutants were obtained. This work
aims to develop composite adsorbent material essentially capable of
electrochemical regeneration coupled with improved adsorption
characteristics. An organic dye, acid violet 17 was used as standard
organic pollutant. The developed composite material was
successfully electrochemically regenerated using a DC current of 1 A
for 60 minutes. Regeneration efficiency was maintained at around
100% for five adsorption-regeneration cycles.
Abstract: An optimal control problem for a mathematical model of efficiency of antiviral therapy in hepatitis B virus infections is considered. The aim of the study is to control the new viral production, block the new infection cells and maintain the number of uninfected cells in the given range. The optimal controls represent the efficiency of antiviral therapy in inhibiting viral production and preventing new infections. Defining the cost functional, the optimal control problem is converted into the constrained optimization problem and the first order optimality system is derived. For the numerical simulation, we propose the steepest descent algorithm based on the adjoint variable method. A computer program in MATLAB is developed for the numerical simulations.
Abstract: This study focuses on teamwork in Finnish working
life. Through a wide cross-section of teams the study examines the
causes to which team members attribute the outcomes of their teams.
Qualitative data was collected from 314 respondents. They wrote 616
stories to describe memorable experiences of success and failure in
teamwork. The stories revealed 1930 explanations. The findings
indicate that both favorable and unfavorable team outcomes are
perceived as being caused by the characteristics of team members,
relationships between members, team communication, team
structure, team goals, team leadership, and external forces. The types
represent different attribution levels in the context of organizational
teamwork.
Abstract: In this paper multi-objective genetic algorithms are
employed for Pareto approach optimization of ideal Turboshaft
engines. In the multi-objective optimization a number of conflicting
objective functions are to be optimized simultaneously. The
important objective functions that have been considered for
optimization are specific thrust (F/m& 0), specific fuel consumption
( P S ), output shaft power 0 (& /&) shaft W m and overall efficiency( ) O
η .
These objectives are usually conflicting with each other. The design
variables consist of thermodynamic parameters (compressor pressure
ratio, turbine temperature ratio and Mach number).
At the first stage single objective optimization has been
investigated and the method of NSGA-II has been used for multiobjective
optimization. Optimization procedures are performed for
two and four objective functions and the results are compared for
ideal Turboshaft engine. In order to investigate the optimal
thermodynamic behavior of two objectives, different set, each
including two objectives of output parameters, are considered
individually. For each set Pareto front are depicted. The sets of
selected decision variables based on this Pareto front, will cause the
best possible combination of corresponding objective functions.
There is no superiority for the points on the Pareto front figure,
but they are superior to any other point. In the case of four objective
optimization the results are given in tables.
Abstract: Abai Kunanbayev is famous for being enlightener,
composer, interpreter, social agent, philosopher, reformer, who
wanted to enrich Kazakh literature by emergence with Russian and
European culture, and also as a founder of Kazakh written literary
language. Abai Kunanbayev was born in 1845 in East Kazakhstan
area and passed away in 1904 in his hometown. His oeuvre absorbed
and reflected all changes in the life of Kazakh society of the second
half of XIX century. Because ХІХ century, especially its second half,
was an important transition period for Kazakhstan, which radically
changed traditional way of Kazakh society and predetermined further
development in consequence of activation of Russian colonial policy
and approval of commodity-money relations in Steppe Land.Abai
Kunanbayev, besides Arabic and Persian common words and
loanwords from Quran in his words of edification, had used a lot of
words of Arabic, Persian, Latin, Russian, Nogai, Shaghatai, Polish,
Greek, Turkish, which are used in the Kazakh language.
Abstract: Arbitrarily shaped video objects are an important
concept in modern video coding methods. The techniques presently
used are not based on image elements but rather video objects having
an arbitrary shape. In this paper, spatial shape error concealment
techniques to be used for object-based image in error-prone
environments are proposed. We consider a geometric shape
representation consisting of the object boundary, which can be
extracted from the α-plane. Three different approaches are used to
replace a missing boundary segment: Bézier interpolation, Bézier
approximation and NURBS approximation. Experimental results on
object shape with different concealment difficulty demonstrate the
performance of the proposed methods. Comparisons with proposed
methods are also presented.
Abstract: Although the usefulness of fuzzy databases has been
pointed out in several works, they are not fully developed in numerous
domains. A task that is mostly disregarded and which is the topic
of this paper is the determination of suitable inequalities for fuzzy
sets in fuzzy query languages. This paper examines which kinds
of fuzzy inequalities exist at all. Afterwards, different procedures
are presented that appear theoretically appropriate. By being applied
to various examples, their strengths and weaknesses are revealed.
Furthermore, an algorithm for an efficient computation of the selected
fuzzy inequality is shown.
Abstract: The purpose of this research was develop a biological
nutrient removal (BNR) system which has low energy consumption, sludge production, and land usage. These indicate that BNR system could be a alternative of future wastewater treatment in ubiquitous
city(U-city). Organics and nitrogen compounds could be removed by this system so that secondary or tertiary stages of wastewater treatment satisfy their standards. This system was composed of oxic and anoxic
filter filed with PVDC and POM media. Anoxic/oxic filter system operated under empty bed contact time of 4 hours by increasing
recirculation ratio from 0 to 100 %. The system removals of total nitrogen and COD were 76.3% and 93%, respectively. To be observed
internal behavior in this system SCOD, NH3-N, and NO3-N were
conducted and removal shows range of 25~100%, 59~99%, and
70~100%, respectively.
Abstract: In this paper, the least-squares design of variable fractional-delay (VFD) finite impulse response (FIR) digital differentiators is proposed. The used transfer function is formulated so that Farrow structure can be applied to realize the designed system. Also, the symmetric characteristics of filter coefficients are derived, which leads to the complexity reduction by saving almost a half of the number of coefficients. Moreover, all the elements of related vectors or matrices for the optimal process can be represented in closed forms, which make the design easier. Design example is also presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Abstract: In this research a comparison between k-epsilon and
LES model for a deoiling hydrocyclone is conducted. Flow field of
hydrocyclone is obtained by three-dimensional simulations with
OpenFOAM code. Potential of prediction for both methods of this
complex swirl flow is discussed. Large eddy simulation method
results have more similarity to experiment and its results are
presented in figures from different hydrocyclone cross sections.
Abstract: Creating3D environments, including characters and
cities, is a significantly time consuming process due to a large amount
of workinvolved in designing and modelling.There have been a
number of attempts to automatically generate 3D objects employing
shape grammars. However it is still too early to apply the mechanism
to real problems such as real-time computer games.The purpose of this
research is to introduce a time efficient and cost effective method to
automatically generatevarious 3D objects for real-time 3D games.
This Shape grammar-based real-time City Generation (RCG) model is
a conceptual model for generating 3Denvironments in real-time and
can be applied to 3D gamesoranimations. The RCG system can
generate even a large cityby applying fundamental principles of shape
grammars to building elementsin various levels of detailin real-time.
Abstract: The processing of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal consists essentially in the detection of the characteristic points of
signal which are an important tool in the diagnosis of heart diseases. The most suitable are the detection of R waves. In this paper, we
present various mathematical tools used for filtering ECG using digital filtering and Discreet Wavelet Transform (DWT) filtering. In
addition, this paper will include two main R peak detection methods
by applying a windowing process: The first method is based on calculations derived, the second is a time-frequency method based on
Dyadic Wavelet Transform DyWT.
Abstract: Canola is a specific edible type of rapeseed, developed
in the 1970s, which contains about 40 percent oil. This research was
carried out to determine the yield and some quality characteristics of
some winter canola cultivars during the 2010-2011 vegetation period
in Central Anatolia of Turkey. In this research; Oase, Dante,
Californium, Excalibur, Elvis, ES Hydromel, Licord, Orkan, Vectra,
Nelson, Champlain and NK Petrol winter canola varieties were used
as material. The field experiment was set up in a “Randomized
Complete Block Design” with three replications on 21 September
2010. In this research; seed yield, oil content, protein content, oil
yield and protein yield were examined.
As a result of this research; seed yield, oil content, oil yield and
protein yield (except protein content) were significant differences
between the cultivars. The highest seed yield (6348 kg ha-1) was
obtained from the NK Petrol, while the lowest seed yield (3949 kg
ha-1) was determined from the Champlain cultivar was obtained. The
highest oil content (46.73%) was observed from Oase and the lowest
value was obtained from Vectra (41.87%) cultivar. The highest oil
yield (2950 kg ha-1) was determined from NK Petrol while the least
value (1681 kg ha-1) was determined from Champlain cultivar. The
highest protein yield (1539.3 kg ha-1) was obtained from NK Petrol
and the lowest protein yield (976.5 kg ha-1) was obtained from
Champlain cultivar.
The main purpose of the cultivation of oil crops, to increase the
yield of oil per unit area. According the result of this research, NK
Petrol cultivar which ranks first with regard to both seed yield and oil
yield between cultivars as the most suitable winter canola cultivar of
local conditions.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the
influence of physical activity and dietary fat intake on Body Mass
Index (BMI) of lecturers within a higher learning institutionalized
setting. The study adopted a Cross-sectional Correlational Design
and included 120 lecturers selected proportionately by simple
random sampling techniques from a population of 600 lecturers. Data
was collected using questionnaires, which had sections including
physical activity checklist adopted from the international physical
activity questionnaire (IPAQ), 24-hour food recall, anthropometric
measurements mainly weight and height. Analysis involved the use
of bivariate correlations and linear regression. A significant inverse
association was registered between BMI and duration (in minutes)
spent doing moderate intense physical activity per day (r=-0.322,
p