Abstract: Nozzle is the main part of various spinning systems
such as air-jet and Murata air vortex systems. Recently, many
researchers worked on the usage of the nozzle on different spinning
systems such as conventional ring and compact spinning systems. In
these applications, primary purpose is to improve the yarn quality. In
present study, it was produced the yarns with two different nozzle
types and determined the changes in yarn properties. In order to
explain the effect of the nozzle, airflow structure in the nozzle was
modelled and airflow variables were determined. In numerical
simulation, ANSYS 12.1 package program and Fluid Flow (CFX)
analysis method was used. As distinct from the literature, Shear
Stress Turbulent (SST) model is preferred. And also air pressure at
the nozzle inlet was measured by electronic mass flow meter and
these values were used for the simulation of the airflow. At last, the
yarn was modelled and the area from where the yarn is passing was
included to the numerical analysis.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study in depth some
methodological aspects of social interventation, focusing on desirable
passage from social maternage method to peer advocacy method. For
this purpose, we intend analyze social and organizative components,
that affect operator-s professional action and that are part of his
psychological environment, besides the physical and social one. In
fact, operator-s interventation should not be limited to a pure supply
of techniques, nor to take shape as improvised action, but “full of
good purposes".
Abstract: It is not easy to imagine how the existing city can be
converted to the principles of sustainability, however, the need for
innovation, requires a pioneering phase which must address the main
problems of rehabilitation of the operating models of the city. Today,
however, there is a growing awareness that the identification and
implementation of policies and measures to promote the adaptation,
resilience and reversibility of the city, require the contribution of our
discipline. This breakthrough is present in some recent international
experiences of Climate Plans, in which the envisaged measures are
closely interwoven with those of urban planning. These experiences,
provide some answers principle questions, such as: how the strategies
to combat climate can be integrated in the instruments of the local
government; what new and specific analysis must be introduced in
urban planning in order to understand the issues of urban
sustainability, and how the project compares with different spatial
scales.
Abstract: Building Sector is the major electricity consumer and
it is costly to building owners. Therefore the application of thermal
energy storage (TES) has gained attractive to reduce energy cost.
Many attractive tariff packages are being offered by the electricity
provider to promote TES. The tariff packages offered higher cost of
electricity during peak period and lower cost of electricity during off
peak period. This paper presented the return of initial investment by
implementing a centralized air-conditioning plant integrated with
thermal energy storage with partially operation strategies. Building
load profile will be calculated hourly according to building
specification and building usage trend. TES operation conditions will
be designed according to building load demand profile, storage
capacity, tariff packages and peak/off peak period. The Payback
Period analysis method was used to evaluate economic analysis. The
investment is considered a good investment where by the initial cost
is recovered less than ten than seven years.
Abstract: In this study arsenate [As(V)] removal from drinking water by coagulation process was investigated. Ferric chloride (FeCl3.6H2O) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4.7H2O) were used as coagulant. The effects of major operating variables such as coagulant dose (1–30 mg/L) and pH (5.5–9.5) were investigated. Ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate were found as effective and reliable coagulant due to required dose, residual arsenate and coagulant concentration. Optimum pH values for maximum arsenate removal for ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride were found as 8 and 7.5. The arsenate removal efficiency decreased at neutral and acidic pH values for Fe(II) and at the high acidic and high alkaline pH for Fe(III). It was found that the increase of coagulant dose caused a substantial increase in the arsenate removal. But above a certain ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate dosage, the increase in arsenate removal was not significant. Ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate dose above 8 mg/L slightly increased arsenate removal.
Abstract: Exploring an autistic child in Elementary school is a
difficult task that must be fully thought out and the teachers should
be aware of the many challenges they face raising their child
especially the behavioral problems of autistic children. Hence there
arises a need for developing Artificial intelligence (AI)
Contemporary Techniques to help diagnosis to discover autistic
people.
In this research, we suggest designing architecture of expert
system that combine Cognitive Maps (CM) with Case Based
Reasoning technique (CBR) in order to reduce time and costs of
traditional diagnosis process for the early detection to discover
autistic children. The teacher is supposed to enter child's information
for analyzing by CM module. Then, the reasoning processor would
translate the output into a case to be solved a current problem by
CBR module. We will implement a prototype for the model as a
proof of concept using java and MYSQL.
This will be provided a new hybrid approach that will achieve new
synergies and improve problem solving capabilities in AI. And we
will predict that will reduce time, costs, the number of human errors
and make expertise available to more people who want who want to
serve autistic children and their families.
Abstract: This study was designed to formulate,
pharmaceutically evaluate a topical skin-care cream (w/o emulsion)
of Aloe Vera versus its vehicle (Base) as control and determine their
effects on Stratum Corneum (SC) water content and Transepidermal
water loss (TEWL). Base containing no extract and a Formulation
containing 3% concentrated extract of Aloe Vera was developed by
entrapping in the inner aqueous phase of w/o emulsion (cream).
Lemon oil was incorporated to improve the odor. Both the Base and
Formulation were stored at 8°C ±0.1°C (in refrigerator), 25°C±0.1°C,
40°C±0.1°C and 40°C± 0.1°C with 75% RH (in incubator) for a
period of 4 weeks to predict their stability. The evaluation parameters
consisted of color, smell, type of emulsion, phase separation,
electrical conductivity, centrifugation, liquefaction and pH. Both the
Base and Formulation were applied to the cheeks of 21 healthy
human volunteers for a period of 8 weeks Stratum corneum (SC)
water content and Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were
monitored every week to measure any effect produced by these
topical creams. The expected organoleptic stability of creams was
achieved from 4 weeks in-vitro study period. Odor was disappeared
with the passage of time due to volatilization of lemon oil. Both the
Base and Formulation produced significant (p≤0.05) changes in
TEWL with respect to time. SC water content was significantly
(p≤0.05) increased by the Formulation while the Base has
insignificant (p 0.05) effects on SC water content. The newly
formulated cream of Aloe Vera, applied is suitable for improvement
and quantitative monitoring of skin hydration level (SC water
content/ moisturizing effects) and reducing TEWL in people with dry
skin.
Abstract: The concept of privacy, seen in connection to the consumer's private space and personalization, has recently gained a higher importance as a consequence of the increasing marketing efforts of the organizations based on the capturing, processing and usage of consumer-s personal data.Paper intends to provide a definition of the consumer-s private space based on the types of personal data the consumer is willing to disclose, to assess the attitude toward personalization and to identify the means preferred by consumers to control their personal data and defend their private space. Several implications generated through the definition of the consumer-s private space are identified and weighted from both the consumers- and organizations- perspectives.
Abstract: Everyday the usages of the Internet increase and simply a world of the data become accessible. Network providers do not want to let the provided services to be used in harmful or terrorist affairs, so they used a variety of methods to protect the special regions from the harmful data. One of the most important methods is supposed to be the firewall. Firewall stops the transfer of such packets through several ways, but in some cases they do not use firewall because of its blind packet stopping, high process power needed and expensive prices. Here we have proposed a method to find a discriminate function to distinguish between usual packets and harmful ones by the statistical processing on the network router logs. So an administrator can alarm to the user. This method is very fast and can be used simply in adjacent with the Internet routers.
Abstract: In this paper a modified version NXM of traditional 5X5 playfair cipher is introduced which enable the user to encrypt message of any Natural language by taking appropriate size of the matrix depending upon the size of the natural language. 5X5 matrix has the capability of storing only 26 characters of English language and unable to store characters of any language having more than 26 characters. To overcome this limitation NXM matrix is introduced which solve this limitation. In this paper a special case of Urdu language is discussed. Where # is used for completing odd pair and * is used for repeating letters.
Abstract: The proof of concept experiments were conducted to
determine the feasibility of using small amounts of Dissolved
Sulphur (DS) from the gaseous phase to precipitate platinum ions in
chloride media. Two sets of precipitation experiments were
performed in which the source of sulphur atoms was either a
thiosulphate solution (Na2S2O3) or a sulphur dioxide gas (SO2). In
liquid-liquid (L-L) system, complete precipitation of Pt was achieved
at small dosages of Na2S2O3 (0.01 – 1.0 M) in a time interval of 3-5
minutes. On the basis of this result, gas absorption tests were carried
out mainly to achieve sulphur solubility equivalent to 0.018 M. The
idea that huge amounts of precious metals could be recovered
selectively from their dilute solutions by utilizing the waste SO2
streams at low pressure seemed attractive from the economic and
environmental point of views. Therefore, mass transfer characteristics
of SO2 gas associated with reactive absorption across the gas-liquid
(G-L) interface were evaluated under different conditions of pressure
(0.5 – 2 bar), solution temperature ranges from 20 – 50 oC and acid
strength (1 – 4 M, HCl). This paper concludes with information about
selective precipitation of Pt in the presence of cations (Fe2+, Co2+,
and Cr3+) in a CSTR and recommendation to scale up laboratory data
to industrial pilot scale operations.
Abstract: The study aims to develop a framework of social
network management to enhance customer relationship. Social
network management of this research is derived from social network
site management, individual and organization social network usage
motivation. The survey was conducted with organization employees
who have used social network to interact with customers. The results
reveal that content, link, privacy and security, page design and
interactivity are the major issues of social network site management.
Content, link, privacy and security, individual and organization
motivation have major impacts on encouraging business knowledge
sharing among employees. Moreover, Page design and interactivity,
content, organization motivation and knowledge sharing can improve
customer relationships.
Abstract: The estimation of overall on-site and off-site greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by wastewater treatment plants revealed that in anaerobic and hybrid treatment systems greater emissions result from off-site processes compared to on-site processes. However, in aerobic treatment systems, onsite processes make a higher contribution to the overall GHG emissions. The total GHG emissions were estimated to be 1.6, 3.3 and 3.8 kg CO2-e/kg BOD in the aerobic, anaerobic and hybrid treatment systems, respectively. In the aerobic treatment system without the recovery and use of the generated biogas, the off-site GHG emissions were 0.65 kg CO2-e/kg BOD, accounting for 40.2% of the overall GHG emissions. This value changed to 2.3 and 2.6 kg CO2-e/kg BOD, and accounted for 69.9% and 68.1% of the overall GHG emissions in the anaerobic and hybrid treatment systems, respectively. The increased off-site GHG emissions in the anaerobic and hybrid treatment systems are mainly due to material usage and energy demand in these systems. The anaerobic digester can contribute up to 100%, 55% and 60% of the overall energy needs of plants in the aerobic, anaerobic and hybrid treatment systems, respectively.
Abstract: The great majority of the electric installations belong
to the first and second category. In order to ensure a high level of
reliability of their electric system feeder, two power supply sources
are envisaged, one principal, the other of reserve, generally a cold
reserve (electric diesel group).
The principal source being under operation, its control can be ideal
and sure, however for the reserve source being in stop, a preventive
maintenance-s which proceeds on time intervals (periodicity) and
for well defined lengths of time are envisaged, so that this source will
always available in case of the principal source failure.
The choice of the periodicity of preventive maintenance of the
source of reserve influences directly the reliability of the electric
feeder system. On the basis of the semi-markovians processes, the
influence of the periodicity of the preventive maintenance of the
source of reserve is studied and is given the optimal periodicity.
Abstract: In this work, we present for the first time in our
perception an efficient digital watermarking scheme for mpeg audio
layer 3 files that operates directly in the compressed data domain,
while manipulating the time and subband/channel domain. In
addition, it does not need the original signal to detect the watermark.
Our scheme was implemented taking special care for the efficient
usage of the two limited resources of computer systems: time and
space. It offers to the industrial user the capability of watermark
embedding and detection in time immediately comparable to the real
music time of the original audio file that depends on the mpeg
compression, while the end user/audience does not face any artifacts
or delays hearing the watermarked audio file. Furthermore, it
overcomes the disadvantage of algorithms operating in the PCMData
domain to be vulnerable to compression/recompression attacks,
as it places the watermark in the scale factors domain and not in the
digitized sound audio data. The strength of our scheme, that allows it
to be used with success in both authentication and copyright
protection, relies on the fact that it gives to the users the enhanced
capability their ownership of the audio file not to be accomplished
simply by detecting the bit pattern that comprises the watermark
itself, but by showing that the legal owner knows a hard to compute
property of the watermark.
Abstract: A biophysically based multilayer continuum model of the facial soft tissue composite has been developed for simulating wrinkle formation. The deformed state of the soft tissue block was determined by solving large deformation mechanics equations using the Galerkin finite element method. The proposed soft tissue model is composed of four layers with distinct mechanical properties. These include stratum corneum, epidermal-dermal layer (living epidermis and dermis), subcutaneous tissue and the underlying muscle. All the layers were treated as non-linear, isotropic Mooney Rivlin materials. Contraction of muscle fibres was approximated using a steady-state relationship between the fibre extension ratio, intracellular calcium concentration and active stress in the fibre direction. Several variations of the model parameters (stiffness and thickness of epidermal-dermal layer, thickness of subcutaneous tissue layer) have been considered.
Abstract: The experiments were performed in a batch set up
under different concentrations of Cu (II) (0.2 g.l-1 to 0.9 g.l-1), pH (4-
6), temperatures (20oC – 40oC) with varying teak leaves powder (as
biosorbent) dosage of 0.3 g.l-1 to 0.5 g.l-1. The kinetics of interactions
were tested with pseudo first order Lagergran equation and the value
for k1 was found to be 6.909 x 10-3 min-1. The biosorption data gave
a good fit with Langmuir and Fruendlich isotherms and the Langmuir
monolayer capacity (qm) was found to be 166.78 mg. g-1. Similarly
the Freundlich adsorption capacity (Kf) was estimated as 2.49 l g-1.
The mean values of the thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG
were -62.42 KJ. mol-1, -0.219 KJ.mol-1 K-1 and -1.747 KJ.mol-1 at
293 K from a solution containing 0.4 g l-1 of Cu(II) showing the
biosorption to be thermodynamically favourable. These results show
good potentiality of using teak leaves as a biosorbent for the removal
of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to propose an integrated
consumer health informatics utilization framework that can be used
to gauge the online health information needs and usage patterns
among Malaysian women. The proposed framework was developed
based on four different theories/models: Use and Gratification
Theory, Technology Acceptance 3 Model, Health Belief Model, and
Multi-level Model of Information Seeking. The relevant constructs
and research hypotheses are also presented in this paper. The
framework will be tested in order for it to be used successfully to
identify Malaysian women-s preferences of online health information
resources and health information seeking activities.
Abstract: Location-aware computing is a type of pervasive
computing that utilizes user-s location as a dominant factor for
providing urban services and application-related usages. One of the
important urban services is navigation instruction for wayfinders in a
city especially when the user is a tourist. The services which are
presented to the tourists should provide adapted location aware
instructions. In order to achieve this goal, the main challenge is to
find spatial relevant objects and location-dependent information. The
aim of this paper is the development of a reusable location-aware
model to handle spatial relevancy parameters in urban location-aware
systems. In this way we utilized ontology as an approach which could
manage spatial relevancy by defining a generic model. Our
contribution is the introduction of an ontological model based on the
directed interval algebra principles. Indeed, it is assumed that the
basic elements of our ontology are the spatial intervals for the user
and his/her related contexts. The relationships between them would
model the spatial relevancy parameters. The implementation language
for the model is OWLs, a web ontology language. The achieved
results show that our proposed location-aware model and the
application adaptation strategies provide appropriate services for the
user.
Abstract: To overcome the product overload of Internet
shoppers, we introduce a semantic recommendation procedure which
is more efficient when applied to Internet shopping malls. The
suggested procedure recommends the semantic products to the
customers and is originally based on Web usage mining, product
classification, association rule mining, and frequently purchasing.
We applied the procedure to the data set of MovieLens Company for
performance evaluation, and some experimental results are provided.
The experimental results have shown superior performance in
terms of coverage and precision.