Removal of Copper (II) from Aqueous Solutions Using Teak (Tectona grandis L.f) Leaves

The experiments were performed in a batch set up under different concentrations of Cu (II) (0.2 g.l-1 to 0.9 g.l-1), pH (4- 6), temperatures (20oC – 40oC) with varying teak leaves powder (as biosorbent) dosage of 0.3 g.l-1 to 0.5 g.l-1. The kinetics of interactions were tested with pseudo first order Lagergran equation and the value for k1 was found to be 6.909 x 10-3 min-1. The biosorption data gave a good fit with Langmuir and Fruendlich isotherms and the Langmuir monolayer capacity (qm) was found to be 166.78 mg. g-1. Similarly the Freundlich adsorption capacity (Kf) was estimated as 2.49 l g-1. The mean values of the thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG were -62.42 KJ. mol-1, -0.219 KJ.mol-1 K-1 and -1.747 KJ.mol-1 at 293 K from a solution containing 0.4 g l-1 of Cu(II) showing the biosorption to be thermodynamically favourable. These results show good potentiality of using teak leaves as a biosorbent for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions.

Authors:

• S. Rathnakumar
• R. Y. Sheeja
• T. Murugesan

Keywords:

• Teak leaves
• Cu(II) removal
• biosorption
• Lagergran
• Langmuir
• Fruendlich isotherm.

References:

[1] Ahluwalia SS and Goyal D, Microbial and plant derived biomass for the
removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Bioresour. Technol. 98:
2243-2257 (2007).
[2] Mallick N, Biotechnological potential of immobilized algae for
wastewater N,P and metal removal: a review. Biometals. 15: 337-390
(2002).
[3] Klimmek S, Stan HJ, Wilke A, Bunke G and Buchholz R, Comparative
analysis of the biosorption of cadmium, lead, nickel and zinc by algae.
Environ. Sci. Technol. 35: 4283-4288 (2001).
[4] Hawari AH and Mulligan CN, Biosorption of lead (II), cadmium (II),
copper (II) and nickel (II) by anaerobic granular biomass. Bioresour.
Technol. 97: 692 - 700 (2006).
[5] Vilar VJP, Botelho CMS and Boaventura AAR, Copper removal by
algae Gelidium, agar extraction algal waste and granulated algal waste:
Kinetics and equilibrium. Bioresour. Technol. 99: 750-762 (2008).
[6] Ekmekyapar F, Aslan A, Bayhan YK and Cakici A, Biosorption of
copper (II) by nonliving lichen biomass of Caldonia rangiformis hoffm.
J. Hazard.Mater. B 137: 293-298 (2006).
[7] Kiran B, Kaushik A and Kaushik CP, Response surface methodological
approach for optimizing removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution using
immobilized cyanobacterium. Chem. Engg. J. 126: 147-153 (2007).
[8] Yazici H, Kilic M and Solak M, Biosorption of copper (II) by
Marrubium globosum subsp. Globosum leaves powder: Effect of
chemical pretreatment. J. Hazard. Mater. 151: 669 - 675 (2008).
[9] Naddafi K, Nabizadeh R, Saeedi R, Mahvi AH, Vaezi F, Yaghmaeian K,
Ghasri A and Nazmara S, Biosorption of lead(II) and cadmium (II) by
protonated Sargassum glaucescens biomass in a continuous packed bed
column. J. Hazard. Mater. 147: 785 - 791 (2007).
[10] Fourest E, Roux JC, Heavy metal biosorption by fungal mycelial byproducts:
mechanism and influence of pH. Appl. Microbiol.Biotechnol.
37: 399- 403 (1992) 399-403.
[11] Fourest E, Canal C and Roux J, Improvement of heavy metal biosorption
by mycelial dead biomasses (Rhizopus arrhizus, Mucor miehei and
Penicillium chrysogenum): pH control and cationic activation. FEMS
Microbiol. Rev. 141: 325 - 332 (1994).
[12] Dursun AY, Uslu G, Cuci Y and Aksu Z, Bioaccumulation of copper(II),
lead(II) and chromium(II) by growing Aspergillus niger. Process.
Biochem. 38: 1647-1651 (2003).
[13] Tsezos M and Volesky B, The mechanism of Thorium biosorption by
Rhizopus arrhizus. Biotechnol. Bioengg. 24: 955 - 969 (1982).
[14] Volesky B, May H and Holan ZR, Cadmium biosorption by
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol. Bioengg. 41: 826 - 829 (1993).
[15] Kuyucak N and Volesky B, Biosorbent for recovery of metals from
industrial solutions. Biotechnol. Lett. 10: 137-142 (1988).
[16] Lee MY, Park JM and Yang JW, Microprecipitation of lead on the
surface of crab shell particles. Proc. Biochem. 22: 671 - 677 (1997).
[17] Volesky B and Holan ZR, Biosorption of heavy metals. Biotechnol.
Prog. 11: 235 - 250 (1995).
[18] Sharma A and Bhattacharyya KG, Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaf
powder as a biosorbent for removal of Cd(II) from aqueous medium. J.
Hazard.Mater. B125: 102 - 112 (2005).
[19] Vijayaraghavan K, Palanivelu K and Velan M, Biosorption of copper
(II) and cobalt(II) from aqueous solutions by crab shell particles.
Bioresour. Technol. 97: 1411 - 1419 (2006).
[20] Nasir MH, Nadeem R, Akhtar K, Hanif MA and Khalid AM, Efficacy of
modified distillation sludge of rose(Rosa centifolia) petals for lead(II)
and zinc(II) removal from aqueous solutions. J. Hazard.Mater. 147: 1006
- 1014 (2007).
[21] Dahiya S, Tripathi RM and Hegde AG, Biosorption of lead and copper
from aqueous solutions by pretreated crab and arca shell biomass.
Bioresour.Technol. 99: 179- 187 (2008).
[22] Matheickal JT, Yu Q and Woodburn GM, Biosorption of cadmium (II)
from aqueous solutions by pretreated biomass of marine alga
Durvillaeapotatorum. Wat. Res. 33: 335 - 342 (1999).
[23] Khormaei M, Nasernejad B, Edrisi M and Eslamzadeh T, Copper
biosorption from aqueous solution by sour orange residue. J.
Hazard.Mater. 149: 269 - 274 (2007).
[24] Prasanna Kumar Y, King P, Prasad VSRK, Equilibrium and kinetic
studies for the biosorption of copper (II) ion from aqueous solution using
Tectona grandis L.f leaves powder. J. Hazard. Mater. B137: 1211 - 1217
(2006).
[25] Esposito A, Pagnanelli F, Lodi A, Solisio C and Veglio F, Biosorption
of heavy metals by Sphaerotilus natans: an equilibrium study at different
pH and biomass concentrations. Hydrometallurgy. 60: 129 -141 (2001).