Economical Analysis of Thermal Energy Storage by Partially Operation
Building Sector is the major electricity consumer and
it is costly to building owners. Therefore the application of thermal
energy storage (TES) has gained attractive to reduce energy cost.
Many attractive tariff packages are being offered by the electricity
provider to promote TES. The tariff packages offered higher cost of
electricity during peak period and lower cost of electricity during off
peak period. This paper presented the return of initial investment by
implementing a centralized air-conditioning plant integrated with
thermal energy storage with partially operation strategies. Building
load profile will be calculated hourly according to building
specification and building usage trend. TES operation conditions will
be designed according to building load demand profile, storage
capacity, tariff packages and peak/off peak period. The Payback
Period analysis method was used to evaluate economic analysis. The
investment is considered a good investment where by the initial cost
is recovered less than ten than seven years.
[1] Z. L. Dong Zhang, Jianmin Zhou, Keru Wu, "Development of thermal
energy storage concrete, Cement and Concrete Research", vol. 34, 2004.
[2] A. G. Abdullah Yildiz, "Energy and exergy analyses of space heating in
buildings", Applied Energy, 2009.
[3] C. Chaichana, "An ice thermal storage computer model", Applied
Thermal Engineering, 2001, vol. 21, pp. 1769-1778,
[4] S. A. Chan,"Energy Efficiency - design low Energy Building Using
Energy 10", Energy Efficiency, 2004
[5] A. K. Ahmet Sar─▒, "Preparation, thermal properties and thermal
reliability of capric acid/expanded perlite composite for thermal energy
storage", Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2008, vol. 109 p. 459,
[6] E. K. G. Alan Comnes, Chris Pignone, and Mashuri Warren, "An
Integrated Economic Analysis of Commercial Thermal Energy Storage",
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1988, vol. 3, p. 1717,
[7] B. A. Habeebullah, "Economic feasibility of thermal energy storage
systems", Energy and Buildings, 2007, vol. 39, pp. 355-363,
[8] S. Ashok and R. Banerjee, "Optimal cool storage capacity for load
management", Energy, 2003, vol. 28, pp. 115-126,
[9] S. Y. Tee, "Energy Efficient Building: The Application of Thermal
Energy Storage for Cooling Load Reduction", Master Thesis, 2008.
[10] Z. Noranai, "Study of Energy Efficient Opportunities in UTHM",
Master Thesis 2008
[11] S. P. Pantelis N. Botsaris, "A methodology for a thermal energy building
audit, Building and Environment", 2004, p. 195,
[12] M. Zainal, "Air Condition System Design Manual", UTHM,
Unpublished.
[13] Q. Li, "Applying support vector machine to predict hourly cooling load
in the building", Applied Energy, 2009, vol. 86, pp. 2249-2256,
[14] Y. W. F. a. M. H. H. M. Y.H. Yau, "A preliminary study on hvac
systems and thermal comfort in a tropical university building in
Malaysia", International Journal of Mechanical and Materials
Engineering, 2008, vol. 3 p. 160.
[15] M. M. A. Mawire , R.R.J. van den Heetkamp, S.J.P. Mlatho, "Simulated
performance of storage materials for pebble bed thermal energy storage
systems", Applied Energy, 2008 vol. 86, p. 1246,
[16] I. Dincer, "Thermal Energy Storage, Encyclopedia of Energy", 2004 vol.
Volume 6, p. 14,
[17] M. E. S. F. N. Saeidi, "Case Study of Design and Implementation of a
Thermal Energy Storage System", PECon, 2006 .
[18] M. A. A. M. Syed Ihtsham-ul-Haq Gilani, Chalilullah Rangkuti,
"Chillers Operating Strategies of a Thermal Energy Storage System:
Case Study of a Gas District Cooling Plant", International Conference
on Energy and Environment, 2006.
[19] TNB, "ELECTRICITY TARIFF: This tariff is effective from 1st March
2009 and supersedes the previous tariff schedule which was effective on
1st July 2008", Tariff Manual, 2009
[20] M. E. Kintner-Meyer, A. F., "Optimal control of an HVAC system using
cold storage and building thermal capacitance", Energy and Buildings,
1995, vol. 23, pp. 19-31
[1] Z. L. Dong Zhang, Jianmin Zhou, Keru Wu, "Development of thermal
energy storage concrete, Cement and Concrete Research", vol. 34, 2004.
[2] A. G. Abdullah Yildiz, "Energy and exergy analyses of space heating in
buildings", Applied Energy, 2009.
[3] C. Chaichana, "An ice thermal storage computer model", Applied
Thermal Engineering, 2001, vol. 21, pp. 1769-1778,
[4] S. A. Chan,"Energy Efficiency - design low Energy Building Using
Energy 10", Energy Efficiency, 2004
[5] A. K. Ahmet Sar─▒, "Preparation, thermal properties and thermal
reliability of capric acid/expanded perlite composite for thermal energy
storage", Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2008, vol. 109 p. 459,
[6] E. K. G. Alan Comnes, Chris Pignone, and Mashuri Warren, "An
Integrated Economic Analysis of Commercial Thermal Energy Storage",
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1988, vol. 3, p. 1717,
[7] B. A. Habeebullah, "Economic feasibility of thermal energy storage
systems", Energy and Buildings, 2007, vol. 39, pp. 355-363,
[8] S. Ashok and R. Banerjee, "Optimal cool storage capacity for load
management", Energy, 2003, vol. 28, pp. 115-126,
[9] S. Y. Tee, "Energy Efficient Building: The Application of Thermal
Energy Storage for Cooling Load Reduction", Master Thesis, 2008.
[10] Z. Noranai, "Study of Energy Efficient Opportunities in UTHM",
Master Thesis 2008
[11] S. P. Pantelis N. Botsaris, "A methodology for a thermal energy building
audit, Building and Environment", 2004, p. 195,
[12] M. Zainal, "Air Condition System Design Manual", UTHM,
Unpublished.
[13] Q. Li, "Applying support vector machine to predict hourly cooling load
in the building", Applied Energy, 2009, vol. 86, pp. 2249-2256,
[14] Y. W. F. a. M. H. H. M. Y.H. Yau, "A preliminary study on hvac
systems and thermal comfort in a tropical university building in
Malaysia", International Journal of Mechanical and Materials
Engineering, 2008, vol. 3 p. 160.
[15] M. M. A. Mawire , R.R.J. van den Heetkamp, S.J.P. Mlatho, "Simulated
performance of storage materials for pebble bed thermal energy storage
systems", Applied Energy, 2008 vol. 86, p. 1246,
[16] I. Dincer, "Thermal Energy Storage, Encyclopedia of Energy", 2004 vol.
Volume 6, p. 14,
[17] M. E. S. F. N. Saeidi, "Case Study of Design and Implementation of a
Thermal Energy Storage System", PECon, 2006 .
[18] M. A. A. M. Syed Ihtsham-ul-Haq Gilani, Chalilullah Rangkuti,
"Chillers Operating Strategies of a Thermal Energy Storage System:
Case Study of a Gas District Cooling Plant", International Conference
on Energy and Environment, 2006.
[19] TNB, "ELECTRICITY TARIFF: This tariff is effective from 1st March
2009 and supersedes the previous tariff schedule which was effective on
1st July 2008", Tariff Manual, 2009
[20] M. E. Kintner-Meyer, A. F., "Optimal control of an HVAC system using
cold storage and building thermal capacitance", Energy and Buildings,
1995, vol. 23, pp. 19-31
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:58988", author = "Z. Noranai and M.Z. Md Yusof", title = "Economical Analysis of Thermal Energy Storage by Partially Operation", abstract = "Building Sector is the major electricity consumer and
it is costly to building owners. Therefore the application of thermal
energy storage (TES) has gained attractive to reduce energy cost.
Many attractive tariff packages are being offered by the electricity
provider to promote TES. The tariff packages offered higher cost of
electricity during peak period and lower cost of electricity during off
peak period. This paper presented the return of initial investment by
implementing a centralized air-conditioning plant integrated with
thermal energy storage with partially operation strategies. Building
load profile will be calculated hourly according to building
specification and building usage trend. TES operation conditions will
be designed according to building load demand profile, storage
capacity, tariff packages and peak/off peak period. The Payback
Period analysis method was used to evaluate economic analysis. The
investment is considered a good investment where by the initial cost
is recovered less than ten than seven years.", keywords = "building load profile, energy consumption, payback
period, thermal energy storage", volume = "5", number = "11", pages = "2389-5", }