Abstract: Querying a data source and routing data towards sink
becomes a serious challenge in static wireless sensor networks if sink
and/or data source are mobile. Many a times the event to be observed
either moves or spreads across wide area making maintenance of
continuous path between source and sink a challenge. Also, sink can
move while query is being issued or data is on its way towards sink.
In this paper, we extend our already proposed Grid Based Data
Dissemination (GBDD) scheme which is a virtual grid based
topology management scheme restricting impact of movement of
sink(s) and event(s) to some specific cells of a grid. This obviates the
need for frequent path modifications and hence maintains continuous
flow of data while minimizing the network energy consumptions.
Simulation experiments show significant improvements in network
energy savings and average packet delay for a packet to reach at sink.
Abstract: In modern telecommunications industry, demand &
supply chain management (DSCM) needs reliable design and
versatile tools to control the material flow. The objective for efficient
DSCM is reducing inventory, lead times and related costs in order to
assure reliable and on-time deliveries from manufacturing units
towards customers. In this paper the multi-rate expert system based
methodology for developing simulation tools that would enable
optimal DSCM for multi region, high volume and high complexity
manufacturing environment was proposed.
Abstract: Explosions may cause intensive damage to buildings
and sometimes lead to total and progressive destruction. Pressures
induced by explosions are one of the most destructive loads a
structure may experience. While designing structures for great
explosions may be expensive and impractical, engineers are looking
for methods for preventing destructions resulted from explosions. A
favorable structural system is a system which does not disrupt totally
due to local explosion, since such structures sustain less loss in
comparison with structural ones which really bear the load and
suddenly disrupt. Designing and establishing vital and necessary
installations in a way that it is resistant against direct hit of bomb and
rocket is not practical, economical, or expedient in many cases,
because the cost of construction and installation with such
specifications is several times more than the total cost of the related
equipment.
Abstract: Online trading is an alternative to conventional shopping method. People trade goods which are new or pre-owned before. However, there are times when a user is not able to search the items wanted online. This is because the items may not be posted as yet, thus ending the search. Conventional search mechanism only works by searching and matching search criteria (requirement) with data available in a particular database. This research aims to match current search requirements with future postings. This would involve the time factor in the conventional search method. A Car Matching Alert System (CMAS) prototype was developed to test the matching algorithm. When a buyer-s search returns no result, the system saves the search and the buyer will be alerted if there is a match found based on future postings. The algorithm developed is useful and as it can be applied in other search context.
Abstract: Cyber physical system (CPS) for target tracking, military surveillance, human health monitoring, and vehicle detection all require maximizing the utility and saving the energy. Sensor selection is one of the most important parts of CPS. Sensor selection problem (SSP) is concentrating to balance the tradeoff between the number of sensors which we used and the utility which we will get. In this paper, we propose a performance constrained slide windows (PCSW) based algorithm for SSP in CPS. we present results of extensive simulations that we have carried out to test and validate the PCSW algorithms when we track a target, Experiment shows that the PCSW based algorithm improved the performance including selecting time and communication times for selecting.
Abstract: This paper presents the development of an electricity simulation model taking into account electrical network constraints, applied on the Belgian power system. The base of the model is optimizing an extensive Unit Commitment (UC) problem through the use of Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). Electrical constraints are incorporated through the implementation of a DC load flow. The model encloses the Belgian power system in a 220 – 380 kV high voltage network (i.e., 93 power plants and 106 nodes). The model features the use of pumping storage facilities as well as the inclusion of spinning reserves in a single optimization process. Solution times of the model stay below reasonable values.
Abstract: Modern managements of water distribution system
(WDS) need water quality models that are able to accurately predict
the dynamics of water quality variations within the distribution system
environment. Before water quality models can be applied to solve
system problems, they should be calibrated. Although former
researchers use GA solver to calibrate relative parameters, it is
difficult to apply on the large-scale or medium-scale real system for
long computational time. In this paper a new method is designed
which combines both macro and detailed model to optimize the water
quality parameters. This new combinational algorithm uses radial
basis function (RBF) metamodeling as a surrogate to be optimized for
the purpose of decreasing the times of time-consuming water quality
simulation and can realize rapidly the calibration of pipe wall reaction
coefficients of chlorine model of large-scaled WDS. After two cases
study this method is testified to be more efficient and promising, and
deserve to generalize in the future.
Abstract: Adhesion to the human intestinal cell is considered
as one of the main selection criteria of lactic acid bacteria for
probiotic use. The adhesion ability of two Bifidobacteriums strains
Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and Bifidobacterium
psudocatenulatum G4 was done using HT-29 human epithelium
cell line as in vitro study. Four different level of pH were used 5.6,
5.7, 6.6, and 6.8 with four different times 15, 30, 60, and 120 min.
Adhesion was quantified by counting the adhering bacteria after
Gram staining. The adhesion of B. longum BB536 was higher than
B. psudocatenulatum G4. Both species showed significant
different in the adhesion properties at the factors tested. The
highest adhesion for both Bifidobacterium was observed at 120
min and the low adhesion was in 15 min. The findings of this
study will contribute to the introduction of new effective probiotic
strain for future utilization.
Abstract: The ElectroEncephaloGram (EEG) is useful for
clinical diagnosis and biomedical research. EEG signals often
contain strong ElectroOculoGram (EOG) artifacts produced
by eye movements and eye blinks especially in EEG recorded
from frontal channels. These artifacts obscure the underlying
brain activity, making its visual or automated inspection
difficult. The goal of ocular artifact removal is to remove
ocular artifacts from the recorded EEG, leaving the underlying
background signals due to brain activity. In recent times,
Independent Component Analysis (ICA) algorithms have
demonstrated superior potential in obtaining the least
dependent source components. In this paper, the independent
components are obtained by using the JADE algorithm (best
separating algorithm) and are classified into either artifact
component or neural component. Neural Network is used for
the classification of the obtained independent components.
Neural Network requires input features that exactly represent
the true character of the input signals so that the neural
network could classify the signals based on those key
characters that differentiate between various signals. In this
work, Auto Regressive (AR) coefficients are used as the input
features for classification. Two neural network approaches
are used to learn classification rules from EEG data. First, a
Polynomial Neural Network (PNN) trained by GMDH (Group
Method of Data Handling) algorithm is used and secondly,
feed-forward neural network classifier trained by a standard
back-propagation algorithm is used for classification and the
results show that JADE-FNN performs better than JADEPNN.
Abstract: In this paper we present a novel approach for human
Body configuration based on the Silhouette. We propose to address
this problem under the Bayesian framework. We use an effective
Model based MCMC (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) method to solve
the configuration problem, in which the best configuration could be
defined as MAP (maximize a posteriori probability) in Bayesian
model. This model based MCMC utilizes the human body model to
drive the MCMC sampling from the solution space. It converses the
original high dimension space into a restricted sub-space constructed
by the human model and uses a hybrid sampling algorithm. We
choose an explicit human model and carefully select the likelihood
functions to represent the best configuration solution. The
experiments show that this method could get an accurate
configuration and timesaving for different human from multi-views.
Abstract: This study was investigated on sampling and
analyzing water quality in water reservoir & water tower installed in
two kind of residential buildings and school facilities. Data of water
quality was collected for correlation analysis with frequency of
sanitization of water reservoir through questioning managers of
building about the inspection charts recorded on equipment for water
reservoir. Statistical software packages (SPSS) were applied to the
data of two groups (cleaning frequency and water quality) for
regression analysis to determine the optimal cleaning frequency of
sanitization. The correlation coefficient (R) in this paper represented
the degree of correlation, with values of R ranging from +1 to -1.After
investigating three categories of drinking water users; this study found
that the frequency of sanitization of water reservoir significantly
influenced the water quality of drinking water. A higher frequency of
sanitization (more than four times per 1 year) implied a higher quality
of drinking water. Results indicated that sanitizing water reservoir &
water tower should at least twice annually for achieving the aim of
safety of drinking water.
Abstract: This paper deals with the application of a well-known neural network technique, multilayer back-propagation (BP) neural network, in financial data mining. A modified neural network forecasting model is presented, and an intelligent mining system is developed. The system can forecast the buying and selling signs according to the prediction of future trends to stock market, and provide decision-making for stock investors. The simulation result of seven years to Shanghai Composite Index shows that the return achieved by this mining system is about three times as large as that achieved by the buy and hold strategy, so it is advantageous to apply neural networks to forecast financial time series, the different investors could benefit from it.
Abstract: In this paper, the details of an experimental method to measure the clamping force value at bolted connections due to application of wrenching torque to tighten the nut have been presented. A simplified bolted joint including a holed plate with a single bolt was considered to carry out the experiments. This method was designed based on Hooke-s law by measuring compressive axial strain of a steel bush placed between the nut and the plate. In the experimental procedure, the values of clamping force were calculated for seven different levels of applied torque, and this process was repeated three times for each level of the torque. Moreover, the effect of lubrication of threads on the clamping value was studied using the same method. In both conditions (dry and lubricated threads), relation between the torque and the clamping force have been displayed in graphs.
Abstract: The highly nonlinear characteristics of drying
processes have prompted researchers to seek new nonlinear control
solutions. However, the relation between the implementation
complexity, on-line processing complexity, reliability control
structure and controller-s performance is not well established. The
present paper proposes high performance nonlinear fuzzy controllers
for a real-time operation of a drying machine, being developed under
a consistent match between those issues. A PCI-6025E data
acquisition device from National Instruments® was used, and the
control system was fully designed with MATLAB® / SIMULINK
language. Drying parameters, namely relative humidity and
temperature, were controlled through MIMOs Hybrid Bang-bang+PI
(BPI) and Four-dimensional Fuzzy Logic (FLC) real-time-based
controllers to perform drying tests on biological materials. The
performance of the drying strategies was compared through several
criteria, which are reported without controllers- retuning. Controllers-
performance analysis has showed much better performance of FLC
than BPI controller. The absolute errors were lower than 8,85 % for
Fuzzy Logic Controller, about three times lower than the
experimental results with BPI control.
Abstract: One major issue that is regularly cited as a block to
the widespread use of online assessments in eLearning, is that of the
authentication of the student and the level of confidence that an
assessor can have that the assessment was actually completed by that
student. Currently, this issue is either ignored, in which case
confidence in the assessment and any ensuing qualification is
damaged, or else assessments are conducted at central, controlled
locations at specified times, losing the benefits of the distributed
nature of the learning programme. Particularly as we move towards
constructivist models of learning, with intentions towards achieving
heutagogic learning environments, the benefits of a properly
managed online assessment system are clear. Here we discuss some
of the approaches that could be adopted to address these issues,
looking at the use of existing security and biometric techniques,
combined with some novel behavioural elements. These approaches
offer the opportunity to validate the student on accessing an
assessment, on submission, and also during the actual production of
the assessment. These techniques are currently under development in
the DECADE project, and future work will evaluate and report their
use..
Abstract: Nanophotocatalysts such as titanium (TiO2), zinc (ZnO), and iron (Fe2O3) oxides can be used in organic pollutants oxidation, and in many other applications. But among the challenges for technological application (scale-up) of the nanotechnology scientific developments two aspects are still little explored: research on environmental risk of the nanomaterials preparation methods, and the study of nanomaterials properties and/or performance variability. The environmental analysis was performed for six different methods of ZnO nanoparticles synthesis, and showed that it is possible to identify the more environmentally compatible process even at laboratory scale research. The obtained ZnO nanoparticles were tested as photocatalysts, and increased the degradation rate of the Rhodamine B dye up to 30 times.
Abstract: The trial in the city, located 170 kilometers from the
Iranian city of Ahvaz was Omidiyeh. The main factor in this project
includes 4 levels in control (without hormones), use of hormones in
the seed, vegetative and flowering stage respectively. And sub-plots
included 3 varieties of vetch in three levels, with local names, was the
jewel in the study of light and Auxin in the vegetative and
reproductive different times in different varieties of vetch was
investigated. This test has been taken in the plots in a randomized
complete block with four replications. In order to study the effects of
the hormone Auxin in the growth stages (seed, vegetative and
flowering) to control (no hormone Auxin) on three local varieties of
vetch, the essence of light and plant height, number of pods per plant,
seed number The pods, seeds per plant, grain weight, grain yield,
plant dry weight and protein content were measured. Among the
vetch varieties for plant height, number of pods per plant, a seed per
plant, grain weight, grain yield, and plant dry weight and protein
levels of 1 percent of plant and seed number per pod per plant at 5%
level of There was no significant difference. Interactions for grain
yield per plant, grain yield and protein levels of 1 percent and the
number of seeds per pod and seed weight are significant differences
in levels 5 and plant height and plant dry weight of the interaction
were INFLUENCE There was no significant difference in them.
Abstract: Historical monuments as architectural heritage are,
economically and culturally, considered one of the key aspects for
modern communities. Cultural heritage represents a country-s
national identity and pride and maintains and enriches that country-s
culture. Therefore, conservation of the monuments remained from
our ancestors requires everybody-s serious and unremitting effort.
Conservation, renewal, restoration, and technical study of cultural
and historical matters are issues which have a special status among
various forms of art and science in the present century and this is due
to two reasons: firstly, progress of humankind in this century has
created a factor called environmental pollution which not only has
caused new destructive processes of cultural/historical monuments
but also has accelerated the previous destructive processes by several
times, and secondly, the rapid advance of various sciences, especially
chemistry, has lead to the contribution of new methods and materials
to this significant issue.
Abstract: In this paper, in order to investigate the effects of
photovoltaic system introduction to detached houses in Japan, two
kinds of works were done. Firstly, the hourly generation amount of a
4.2kW photovoltaic system were simulated in 46 cities to investigate
the potential of the system in different regions in Japan using a
simulation model of photovoltaic system. Secondly, based on the
simulated electricity generation amount, the energy saving, the
environmental and the economic effect of the photovoltaic system
were examined from hourly to annual timescales, based upon
calculations of typical electricity, heating, cooling and hot water
supply load profiles for Japanese dwellings. The above analysis was
carried out using a standard year-s hourly weather data for the
different city provided by the Expanded AMeDAS Weather Data
issued by AIJ (Architectural Institute of Japan).
Abstract: This paper describes a method to measure and
compensate a 4 axes ultra-precision machine tool that generates micro
patterns on the large surfaces. The grooving machine is usually used
for making a micro mold for many electrical parts such as a light guide
plate for LCD and fuel cells. The ultra precision machine tool has three
linear axes and one rotational table. Shaping is usually used to
generate micro patterns. In the case of 50 μm pitch and 25 μm height
pyramid pattern machining with a 90° wedge angle bite, one of linear
axis is used for long stroke motion for high cutting speed and other
linear axis are used for feeding. The triangular patterns can be
generated with many times of long stroke of one axis. Then 90°
rotation of work piece is needed to make pyramid patterns with
superposition of machined two triangular patterns.
To make a two dimensional positioning error, straightness of two
axes in out of plane, squareness between the each axis are important.
Positioning errors, straightness and squarness were measured by laser
interferometer system. Those were compensated and confirmed by
ISO230-6. One of difficult problem to measure the error motions is
squareness or parallelism of axis between the rotational table and
linear axis. It was investigated by simultaneous moving of rotary table
and XY axes. This compensation method is introduced in this paper.