Abstract: Bandung city center can be deemed as economic, social and cultural center. However the city center suffers from deterioration. The retail activities tend to shift outward the city center. Numerous idyllic residences changed into business premises in two villages situated in the north part of the city during 1990s, especially after a new highway and flyover opened. According to space syntax theory, the pattern of spatial integration in the urban grid is a prime determinant of movement patterns in the system. The syntactic analysis results show the flyover has insignificant influence on street network in the city center. However the flyover has been generating a major difference in the new commercial area since it has become relatively as strategic as the city center. Besides street network, local government policy, rapid private motorization and particular condition of each site also played important roles in encouraging the current commercial areas to flourish.
Abstract: an intelligent BRT system is necessary when
communities looking for new ways to use high capacity rapid transit
at a reduced cost.This paper will describe the intelligent control
system that works with Datacenter. With the help of GPS system, the
data center can monitor the situation of each bus and bus station.
Through RFID technology, bus station and traffic light can transfer
data with bus and by Wimax communication technology all of parts
can talk together; data center learns all information about the location
of bus, the arrival of bus in each station and the number of passengers
in station and bus.Finally, the paper presents the case study of those
theories in Tehran BRT.
Abstract: This research aimed to develop plasma system used in air conditioners. This developed plasma system could be installed in the air conditioners - all split type. The quality of air could be improved to be equal to present plasma system. Development processes were as follows: 1) to study the plasma system used in the air conditioners, 2) to design a plasma generator, 3) to develop the plasma generator, and 4) to test its performance in many types of the air conditioners. This plasma system was developed by AC high voltage – 14 kv with a frequency of 50 kHz. Carbon was a conductor to generate arc in air purifier system. The research was tested by installing the plasma generator in the air conditioners - wall type. Whereas, there were 3 types of installations: air flow out, air flow in, and room center. The result of the plasma generator installed in the air conditioners, split type, revealed that the air flow out installation provided the highest average of o-zone at 223 mg/h. This type of installation provided the highest efficiency of air quality improvement. Moreover, the air flow in installation and the room center installation provided the average of the o-zone at 163 mg/h and 64 mg/h, respectively.
Abstract: We investigate the planar quasi-septic non-analytic systems which have a center-focus equilibrium at the origin and whose angular speed is constant. The system could be changed into an analytic system by two transformations, with the help of computer algebra system MATHEMATICA, the conditions of uniform isochronous center are obtained.
Abstract: This paper aims to develop an algorithm of finite
capacity material requirement planning (FCMRP) system for a multistage
assembly flow shop. The developed FCMRP system has two
main stages. The first stage is to allocate operations to the first and
second priority work centers and also determine the sequence of the
operations on each work center. The second stage is to determine the
optimal start time of each operation by using a linear programming
model. Real data from a factory is used to analyze and evaluate the
effectiveness of the proposed FCMRP system and also to guarantee a
practical solution to the user. There are five performance measures,
namely, the total tardiness, the number of tardy orders, the total
earliness, the number of early orders, and the average flow-time. The
proposed FCMRP system offers an adjustable solution which is a
compromised solution among the conflicting performance measures.
The user can adjust the weight of each performance measure to
obtain the desired performance. The result shows that the combination
of FCMRP NP3 and EDD outperforms other combinations
in term of overall performance index. The calculation time for the
proposed FCMRP system is about 10 minutes which is practical for
the planners of the factory.
Abstract: As the data-driven economy is growing faster than
ever and the demand for energy is being spurred, we are facing
unprecedented challenges of improving energy efficiency in data
centers. Effectively maximizing energy efficiency or minimising the
cooling energy demand is becoming pervasive for data centers. This
paper investigates overall energy consumption and the energy
efficiency of cooling system for a data center in Finland as a case
study. The power, cooling and energy consumption characteristics
and operation condition of facilities are examined and analysed.
Potential energy and cooling saving opportunities are identified and
further suggestions for improving the performance of cooling system
are put forward. Results are presented as a comprehensive evaluation
of both the energy performance and good practices of energy
efficient cooling operations for the data center. Utilization of an
energy recovery concept for cooling system is proposed. The
conclusion we can draw is that even though the analysed data center
demonstrated relatively high energy efficiency, based on its power
usage effectiveness value, there is still a significant potential for
energy saving from its cooling systems.
Abstract: In this paper a fast motion estimation method for
H.264/AVC named Triplet Search Motion Estimation (TS-ME) is
proposed. Similar to some of the traditional fast motion estimation
methods and their improved proposals which restrict the search points
only to some selected candidates to decrease the computation
complexity, proposed algorithm separate the motion search process to
several steps but with some new features. First, proposed algorithm try
to search the real motion area using proposed triplet patterns instead of
some selected search points to avoid dropping into the local minimum.
Then, in the localized motion area a novel 3-step motion search
algorithm is performed. Proposed search patterns are categorized into
three rings on the basis of the distance from the search center. These
three rings are adaptively selected by referencing the surrounding
motion vectors to early terminate the motion search process. On the
other hand, computation reduction for sub pixel motion search is also
discussed considering the appearance probability of the sub pixel
motion vector. From the simulation results, motion estimation speed
improved by a factor of up to 38 when using proposed algorithm than
that of the reference software of H.264/AVC with ignorable picture
quality loss.
Abstract: Since 2005, an SRF module of CESR type serves as the
accelerating cavity at the Taiwan Light Source in the National
Synchrotron Radiation Research Center. A 500-MHz niobium cavity
is immersed in liquid helium inside this SRF module. To reduce heat
load, the liquid helium vessel is thermally shielded by
liquid-nitrogen-cooled copper layer, and the beam chambers are also
anchored with pipes of the liquid nitrogen flow in middle of the liquid
helium vessel and the vacuum vessel. A strong correlation of the
movement of the cavity-s frequency tuner with the temperature
variation of parts cooled with liquid nitrogen was observed. A
previous study on a spare SRF module with the niobium cavity cooled
by liquid nitrogen instead of liquid helium, satisfactory suppression of
the thermal oscillation was achieved by attaching a temporary buffer
tank for the vented shielding nitrogen flow from the SRF module. In
this study, a home-made buffer tank is designed and integrated to the
spare SRF module with cavity cooled by liquid helium. Design,
construction, integration, and preliminary test results of this buffer
tank are presented.
Abstract: The huge development of new technologies and the
apparition of open communication system more and more
sophisticated create a new challenge to protect digital content from
piracy. Digital watermarking is a recent research axis and a new
technique suggested as a solution to these problems. This technique
consists in inserting identification information (watermark) into
digital data (audio, video, image, databases...) in an invisible and
indelible manner and in such a way not to degrade original medium-s
quality. Moreover, we must be able to correctly extract the
watermark despite the deterioration of the watermarked medium (i.e
attacks). In this paper we propose a system for watermarking satellite
images. We chose to embed the watermark into frequency domain,
precisely the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). We applied our
algorithm on satellite images of Tunisian center. The experiments
show satisfying results. In addition, our algorithm showed an
important resistance facing different attacks, notably the compression
(JEPG, JPEG2000), the filtering, the histogram-s manipulation and
geometric distortions such as rotation, cropping, scaling.
Abstract: In recent years there has been renewal of interest in the
relation between Green IT and Cloud Computing. The growing use of
computers in cloud platform has caused marked energy consumption,
putting negative pressure on electricity cost of cloud data center. This
paper proposes an effective mechanism to reduce energy utilization in
cloud computing environments. We present initial work on the
integration of resource and power management that aims at reducing
power consumption. Our mechanism relies on recalling virtualization
services dynamically according to user-s virtualization request and
temporarily shutting down the physical machines after finish in order
to conserve energy. Given the estimated energy consumption, this
proposed effort has the potential to positively impact power
consumption. The results from the experiment concluded that energy
indeed can be saved by powering off the idling physical machines in
cloud platforms.
Abstract: Power consumption is rapidly increased in data centers
because the number of data center is increased and more the scale of
data center become larger. Therefore, it is one of key research items to
reduce power consumption in data center. The peak power of a typical
server is around 250 watts. When a server is idle, it continues to use
around 60% of the power consumed when in use, though vendors are
putting effort into reducing this “idle" power load. Servers tend to
work at only around a 5% to 20% utilization rate, partly because of
response time concerns. An average of 10% of servers in their data
centers was unused. In those reason, we propose dynamic power
management system to reduce power consumption in green data
center. Experiment result shows that about 55% power consumption is
reduced at idle time.
Abstract: This research work takes a different approach in
the discussion of urban form impacts on transport planning and
auto dependency. Concentrated density represented by effective
density explains auto dependency better than the conventional
density and it is proved to be a realistic density representative for
the urban transportation analysis. Model analysis reveals that
effective density is influenced by the shopping accessibility
index as well as job density factor. It is also combined with the
job access variable to classify four levels of Transport Activity
Centers (TACs) in Okinawa, Japan. Trip attraction capacity and
levels of the newly classified TACs was found agreeable with the
amount of daily trips attracted to each center. The trip attraction
data set was drawn from a 2007 Okinawa personal trip survey.
This research suggests a planning methodology which guides
logical transport supply routes and concentrated local
development schemes.
Abstract: In an interval graph G = (V,E) the distance between two vertices u, v is de£ned as the smallest number of edges in a path joining u and v. The eccentricity of a vertex v is the maximum among distances from all other vertices of V . The diameter (δ) and radius (ρ) of the graph G is respectively the maximum and minimum among all the eccentricities of G. The center of the graph G is the set C(G) of vertices with eccentricity ρ. In this context our aim is to establish the relation ρ = δ 2 for an interval graph and to determine the center of it.
Abstract: In this paper an algorithm is used to detect the color defects of ceramic tiles. First the image of a normal tile is clustered using GCMA; Genetic C-means Clustering Algorithm; those results in best cluster centers. C-means is a common clustering algorithm which optimizes an objective function, based on a measure between data points and the cluster centers in the data space. Here the objective function describes the mean square error. After finding the best centers, each pixel of the image is assigned to the cluster with closest cluster center. Then, the maximum errors of clusters are computed. For each cluster, max error is the maximum distance between its center and all the pixels which belong to it. After computing errors all the pixels of defected tile image are clustered based on the centers obtained from normal tile image in previous stage. Pixels which their distance from their cluster center is more than the maximum error of that cluster are considered as defected pixels.
Abstract: Background: Widespread use of chemotherapeutic
drugs in the treatment of cancer has lead to higher health hazards
among employee who handle and administer such drugs, so nurses
should know how to protect themselves, their patients and their work
environment against toxic effects of chemotherapy. Aim of this study
was carried out to examine the effect of chemotherapy safety protocol
for oncology nurses on their protective measure practices. Design: A
quasi experimental research design was utilized. Setting: The study
was carried out in oncology department of Menoufia university
hospital and Tanta oncology treatment center. Sample: A
convenience sample of forty five nurses in Tanta oncology treatment
center and eighteen nurses in Menoufiya oncology department.
Tools: 1. an interviewing questionnaire that covering sociodemographic
data, assessment of unit and nurses' knowledge about
chemotherapy. II: Obeservational check list to assess nurses' actual
practices of handling and adminestration of chemotherapy. A base
line data were assessed before implementing Chemotherapy Safety
protocol, then Chemotherapy Safety protocol was implemented, and
after 2 monthes they were assessed again. Results: reveled that 88.9%
of study group I and 55.6% of study group II improved to good total
knowledge scores after educating on the safety protocol, also 95.6%
of study group I and 88.9% of study group II had good total practice
score after educating on the safety protocol. Moreover less than half
of group I (44.4%) reported that heavy workload is the most barriers
for them, while the majority of group II (94.4%) had many barriers
for adhering to the safety protocol such as they didn’t know the
protocol, the heavy work load and inadequate equipment.
Conclusions: Safety protocol for Oncology Nurses seemed to have
positive effect on improving nurses' knowledge and practice.
Recommendation: chemotherapy safety protocol should be instituted
for all oncology nurses who are working in any oncology unit and/ or
center to enhance compliance, and this protocol should be done at
frequent intervals.
Abstract: With data centers, end-users can realize the pervasiveness of services that will be one day the cornerstone of our lives. However, data centers are often classified as computing systems that consume the most amounts of power. To circumvent such a problem, we propose a self-adaptive weighted sum methodology that jointly optimizes the performance and power consumption of any given data center. Compared to traditional methodologies for multi-objective optimization problems, the proposed self-adaptive weighted sum technique does not rely on a systematical change of weights during the optimization procedure. The proposed technique is compared with the greedy and LR heuristics for large-scale problems, and the optimal solution for small-scale problems implemented in LINDO. the experimental results revealed that the proposed selfadaptive weighted sum technique outperforms both of the heuristics and projects a competitive performance compared to the optimal solution.
Abstract: In nature, electromagnetic fields always appear like
atmosphere static electric field, the earth's static magnetic field and
the wide-rang frequency electromagnetic field caused by lightening.
However, besides natural electromagnetic fields (EMF), today human
beings are mostly exposed to artificial electromagnetic fields due to
technology progress and outspread use of electrical devices. To
evaluate nuisance of EMF, it is necessary to know field intensity for
every frequency which appears and compare it with allowed values.
Low frequency EMF-s around transmission and distribution lines are
time-varying quasi-static electromagnetic fields which have
conservative component of low frequency electrical field caused by
charges and eddy component of low frequency magnetic field caused
by currents. Displacement current or field delay are negligible, so
energy flow in quasi-static EMF involves diffusion, analog like heat
transfer. Electrical and magnetic field can be analyzed separately.
This paper analysis the numerical calculations in ELF-400 software
of EMF in distribution substation in shopping center. Analyzing the
results it is possible to specify locations exposed to the fields and
give useful suggestion to eliminate electromagnetic effect or reduce it
on acceptable level within the non-ionizing radiation norms and
norms of protection from EMF.
Abstract: E-Appointment Scheduling (EAS) has been developed
to handle appointment for UMP students, lecturers in Faculty of
Computer Systems & Software Engineering (FCSSE) and Student
Medical Center. The schedules are based on the timetable and
university activities. Constraints Logic Programming (CLP) has been
implemented to solve the scheduling problems by giving
recommendation to the users in part of determining any available
slots from the lecturers and doctors- timetable. By using this system,
we can avoid wasting time and cost because this application will set
an appointment by auto-generated. In addition, this system can be an
alternative to the lecturers and doctors to make decisions whether to
approve or reject the appointments.