The Calculation of Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) in Substations of Shopping Centers
In nature, electromagnetic fields always appear like
atmosphere static electric field, the earth's static magnetic field and
the wide-rang frequency electromagnetic field caused by lightening.
However, besides natural electromagnetic fields (EMF), today human
beings are mostly exposed to artificial electromagnetic fields due to
technology progress and outspread use of electrical devices. To
evaluate nuisance of EMF, it is necessary to know field intensity for
every frequency which appears and compare it with allowed values.
Low frequency EMF-s around transmission and distribution lines are
time-varying quasi-static electromagnetic fields which have
conservative component of low frequency electrical field caused by
charges and eddy component of low frequency magnetic field caused
by currents. Displacement current or field delay are negligible, so
energy flow in quasi-static EMF involves diffusion, analog like heat
transfer. Electrical and magnetic field can be analyzed separately.
This paper analysis the numerical calculations in ELF-400 software
of EMF in distribution substation in shopping center. Analyzing the
results it is possible to specify locations exposed to the fields and
give useful suggestion to eliminate electromagnetic effect or reduce it
on acceptable level within the non-ionizing radiation norms and
norms of protection from EMF.
[1] I.Kapetanovic, V.Madzarevic, A.Muharemovic , H.Salkic, "Exposure
to Low Frequency Magnetic Fields of a Transformer Station", IJESSE
-International Journal of Electrical Systems Science and Engineering,
pp. 120-128, ISSN 2070-3953, Volume 1, Number 2, 2008;
[2] A.Muharemovic, V.Madzarevic, H.Salkic, I.Turkovic, N.Mehinovic,
"Calculation of Low-frequency Magnetic Field Distribution of a
Transformer Station in Stationary State", International Review on
Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS), - December 2009 - Papers,
Print ISSN 1974-9821, Cd-Rom ISSN 1974-983X;
[3] Guide on EMC in Power Plants and Substations, CIGRE WG 36.04,
Dec. 1997.;
[4] C.Imposimato, J.Hoeffelman, A.Eriksson, W.H.Siew, P.H.Pretorius,
P.S.Wong, "EMI Characterization of HVAC Substations-Updated Data
and Influence on Immunity Assessment", CIGRE 2002, paper on behalf
of CIGRE/CIRED WG 36/S2-04.;
[5] IEEE Std. 998-1996, "Guide for Direct Stroke Shielding of
Substations";
[6] H.Salkic, Z. Sikira, Z. Salkic, A,Softic, D.Bacinovic, "Elimination of
electromagnetic interference in transformer station", 19th International
expert meeting power engineering, Maribor,11-13.05.2010.g, Slovenia;
[7] H. Salkic, V. Madzarevic, A.Muharemovic, N. Mehinovic, "Lowfrequency
quasi-stationary electromagnetic fields of a transformer
station" -International Colloquium Power Frequency Electromagnetic
Fields - ELF EMF Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Paper 24, 3-
4.6.2009;
[8] H. Salkic, V.Madzarevic, A.Muharemovic, N. Mehinovic, "Calculation
of Low-frequency Magnetic Fields Distribution of a Transformer
Station in Stationary State" -XIV international symposium on
electromagnetic fields in mechatronics, electrical and electronic
engineering - ISEF-2009, 10-12 september 2009. Arras France.
[9] David Morgan, "A Handbook for EMC", London, 1994;
[1] I.Kapetanovic, V.Madzarevic, A.Muharemovic , H.Salkic, "Exposure
to Low Frequency Magnetic Fields of a Transformer Station", IJESSE
-International Journal of Electrical Systems Science and Engineering,
pp. 120-128, ISSN 2070-3953, Volume 1, Number 2, 2008;
[2] A.Muharemovic, V.Madzarevic, H.Salkic, I.Turkovic, N.Mehinovic,
"Calculation of Low-frequency Magnetic Field Distribution of a
Transformer Station in Stationary State", International Review on
Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS), - December 2009 - Papers,
Print ISSN 1974-9821, Cd-Rom ISSN 1974-983X;
[3] Guide on EMC in Power Plants and Substations, CIGRE WG 36.04,
Dec. 1997.;
[4] C.Imposimato, J.Hoeffelman, A.Eriksson, W.H.Siew, P.H.Pretorius,
P.S.Wong, "EMI Characterization of HVAC Substations-Updated Data
and Influence on Immunity Assessment", CIGRE 2002, paper on behalf
of CIGRE/CIRED WG 36/S2-04.;
[5] IEEE Std. 998-1996, "Guide for Direct Stroke Shielding of
Substations";
[6] H.Salkic, Z. Sikira, Z. Salkic, A,Softic, D.Bacinovic, "Elimination of
electromagnetic interference in transformer station", 19th International
expert meeting power engineering, Maribor,11-13.05.2010.g, Slovenia;
[7] H. Salkic, V. Madzarevic, A.Muharemovic, N. Mehinovic, "Lowfrequency
quasi-stationary electromagnetic fields of a transformer
station" -International Colloquium Power Frequency Electromagnetic
Fields - ELF EMF Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Paper 24, 3-
4.6.2009;
[8] H. Salkic, V.Madzarevic, A.Muharemovic, N. Mehinovic, "Calculation
of Low-frequency Magnetic Fields Distribution of a Transformer
Station in Stationary State" -XIV international symposium on
electromagnetic fields in mechatronics, electrical and electronic
engineering - ISEF-2009, 10-12 september 2009. Arras France.
[9] David Morgan, "A Handbook for EMC", London, 1994;
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:51253", author = "Adnan Muharemovic and Hidajet Salkic and Mario Klaric and Irfan Turkovic and Aida Muharemovic", title = "The Calculation of Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) in Substations of Shopping Centers", abstract = "In nature, electromagnetic fields always appear like
atmosphere static electric field, the earth's static magnetic field and
the wide-rang frequency electromagnetic field caused by lightening.
However, besides natural electromagnetic fields (EMF), today human
beings are mostly exposed to artificial electromagnetic fields due to
technology progress and outspread use of electrical devices. To
evaluate nuisance of EMF, it is necessary to know field intensity for
every frequency which appears and compare it with allowed values.
Low frequency EMF-s around transmission and distribution lines are
time-varying quasi-static electromagnetic fields which have
conservative component of low frequency electrical field caused by
charges and eddy component of low frequency magnetic field caused
by currents. Displacement current or field delay are negligible, so
energy flow in quasi-static EMF involves diffusion, analog like heat
transfer. Electrical and magnetic field can be analyzed separately.
This paper analysis the numerical calculations in ELF-400 software
of EMF in distribution substation in shopping center. Analyzing the
results it is possible to specify locations exposed to the fields and
give useful suggestion to eliminate electromagnetic effect or reduce it
on acceptable level within the non-ionizing radiation norms and
norms of protection from EMF.", keywords = "Electromagnetic Field, Density of Electromagnetic
Flow, Place of Proffesional Exposure, Place of Increased Sensitivity", volume = "6", number = "1", pages = "26-8", }