Abstract: In this work, we study the behavior of introducing
atomic size vacancy in a graphene nanoribbon superlattice. Our
investigations are based on the density functional theory (DFT) with
the Local Density Approximation in Atomistix Toolkit (ATK). We
show that, in addition to its shape, the position of vacancy has a
major impact on the electrical properties of a graphene nanoribbon
superlattice. We show that the band gap of an armchair graphene
nanoribbon may be tuned by introducing an appropriate periodic
pattern of vacancies. The band gap changes in a zig-zag manner
similar to the variation of band gap of a graphene nanoribbon by
changing its width.
Abstract: The study is a review of the literature concerning the
consequences of non-standard monetary policy, which are used by
central banks during unconventional periods, threatening banking
sector instability. In particular, the attention was paid to the effects of
non-standard monetary policy tools for financial markets. However,
the empirical evidence about their effects and real consequences for
financial markets is still not final. The main aim of the study is to
survey consequences of standard and non-standard monetary policy
instruments, implemented during the global financial crisis in the
United States, United Kingdom and euro area, with particular
attention to the results for the stabilization of global financial
markets. The study consists mainly of the empirical review,
indicating the impact of the implementation of these tools for
financial markets. The following research methods were used in the
study: literature studies, including domestic and foreign literature,
cause and effect analysis and statistical analysis.
Abstract: In this paper a real-time obstacle avoidance approach
for both autonomous and non-autonomous dynamical systems (DS) is
presented. In this approach the original dynamics of the controller
which allow us to determine safety margin can be modulated.
Different common types of DS increase the robot’s reactiveness in
the face of uncertainty in the localization of the obstacle especially
when robot moves very fast in changeable complex environments.
The method is validated by simulation and influence of different
autonomous and non-autonomous DS such as important
characteristics of limit cycles and unstable DS. Furthermore, the
position of different obstacles in complex environment is explained.
Finally, the verification of avoidance trajectories is described through
different parameters such as safety factor.
Abstract: In this paper, Bayesian online inference in models of
data series are constructed by change-points algorithm, which
separated the observed time series into independent series and study
the change and variation of the regime of the data with related
statistical characteristics. variation of statistical characteristics of time
series data often represent separated phenomena in the some
dynamical system, like a change in state of brain dynamical reflected
in EEG signal data measurement or a change in important regime of
data in many dynamical system. In this paper, prediction algorithm
for studying change point location in some time series data is
simulated. It is verified that pattern of proposed distribution of data
has important factor on simpler and smother fluctuation of hazard
rate parameter and also for better identification of change point
locations. Finally, the conditions of how the time series distribution
effect on factors in this approach are explained and validated with
different time series databases for some dynamical system.
Abstract: In this paper, we considered and applied parametric
modeling for some experimental data of dynamical system. In this
study, we investigated the different distribution of output
measurement from some dynamical systems. Also, with variance
processing in experimental data we obtained the region of
nonlinearity in experimental data and then identification of output
section is applied in different situation and data distribution. Finally,
the effect of the spanning the measurement such as variance to
identification and limitation of this approach is explained.
Abstract: In this paper, model order reduction method is used
for approximation in linear and nonlinearity aspects in some
experimental data. This method can be used for obtaining offline
reduced model for approximation of experimental data and can
produce and follow the data and order of system and also it can
match to experimental data in some frequency ratios. In this study,
the method is compared in different experimental data and influence
of choosing of order of the model reduction for obtaining the best and
sufficient matching condition for following the data is investigated in
format of imaginary and reality part of the frequency response curve
and finally the effect and important parameter of number of order
reduction in nonlinear experimental data is explained further.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to design and simulate a
particular type of Asynchronous State Machine (ASM), namely a
‘traffic light controller’ (TLC), operated at a frequency of 0.5 Hz.
The design task involved two main stages: firstly, designing a 4-bit
binary counter using J-K flip flops as the timing signal and,
subsequently, attaining the digital logic by deploying ASM design
process. The TLC was designed such that it showed a sequence of
three different colours, i.e. red, yellow and green, corresponding to
set thresholds by deploying the least number of AND, OR and NOT
gates possible. The software Multisim was deployed to design such
circuit and simulate it for circuit troubleshooting in order for it to
display the output sequence of the three different colours on the
traffic light in the correct order. A clock signal, an asynchronous 4-
bit binary counter that was designed through the use of J-K flip flops
along with an ASM were used to complete this sequence, which was
programmed to be repeated indefinitely. Eventually, the circuit was
debugged and optimized, thus displaying the correct waveforms of
the three outputs through the logic analyser. However, hazards
occurred when the frequency was increased to 10 MHz. This was
attributed to delays in the feedback being too high.
Abstract: In and around Erode District, it is estimated that more
than 1250 chemical and allied textile processing fabric industries are
affected, partially closed and shut off for various reasons such as poor
management, poor supplier performance, lack of planning for
productivity, fluctuation of output, poor investment, waste analysis,
labor problems, capital/labor ratio, accumulation of stocks, poor
maintenance of resources, deficiencies in the quality of fabric, low
capacity utilization, age of plant and equipment, high investment and
input but low throughput, poor research and development, lack of
energy, workers’ fear of loss of jobs, work force mix and work ethic.
The main objective of this work is to analyze the existing conditions
in textile fabric sector, validate the break even of Total Productivity
(TP), analyze, design and implement fuzzy sets and mathematical
programming for improvement of productivity and quality
dimensions in the fabric processing industry. It needs to be
compatible with the reality of textile and fabric processing industries.
The highly risk events from productivity and quality dimension were
found by fuzzy systems and results are wrapped up among the textile
fabric processing industry.
Abstract: Motion Tracking and Stereo Vision are complicated,
albeit well-understood problems in computer vision. Existing
softwares that combine the two approaches to perform stereo motion
tracking typically employ complicated and computationally expensive
procedures. The purpose of this study is to create a simple and
effective solution capable of combining the two approaches. The
study aims to explore a strategy to combine the two techniques
of two-dimensional motion tracking using Kalman Filter; and depth
detection of object using Stereo Vision. In conventional approaches
objects in the scene of interest are observed using a single camera.
However for Stereo Motion Tracking; the scene of interest is
observed using video feeds from two calibrated cameras. Using two
simultaneous measurements from the two cameras a calculation for
the depth of the object from the plane containing the cameras is made.
The approach attempts to capture the entire three-dimensional spatial
information of each object at the scene and represent it through a
software estimator object. In discrete intervals, the estimator tracks
object motion in the plane parallel to plane containing cameras and
updates the perpendicular distance value of the object from the plane
containing the cameras as depth. The ability to efficiently track
the motion of objects in three-dimensional space using a simplified
approach could prove to be an indispensable tool in a variety of
surveillance scenarios. The approach may find application from high
security surveillance scenes such as premises of bank vaults, prisons
or other detention facilities; to low cost applications in supermarkets
and car parking lots.
Abstract: An environmentally benign protocol for the one-pot,
three-component synthesis of Triazolo[1,2-a]indazole-1,3,8-trione
derivatives by condensation of dimedone, urazole and aromatic
aldehydes catalyzed by HClO4/SiO2 NPS as an ecofriendly catalyst
with high catalytic activity and reusability at 100ºC under solventfree
conditions is reported. The reaction proceeds to completion
within 20-30 min in 77-86% yield.
Abstract: Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) of
commercial Al-Mg-Si alloy was conducted using two strain rates.
The ECAP processing was conducted at room temperature and at
250°C. Route A was adopted up to a total number of four passes in
the present work. Structural evolution of the aluminum alloy discs
was investigated before and after ECAP processing using optical
microscopy (OM). Following ECAP, simple compression tests and
Vicker’s hardness were performed. OM micrographs showed that, the
average grain size of the as-received Al-Mg-Si disc tends to be larger
than the size of the ECAP processed discs. Moreover, significant
difference in the grain morphologies of the as-received and processed
discs was observed. Intensity of deformation was observed via the
alignment of the Al-Mg-Si consolidated particles (grains) in the
direction of shear, which increased with increasing the number of
passes via ECAP. Increasing the number of passes up to 4 resulted in
increasing the grains aspect ratio up to ~5. It was found that the
pressing temperature has a significant influence on the
microstructure, Hv-values, and compressive strength of the processed
discs. Hardness measurements demonstrated that 1-pass resulted in
increase of Hv-value by 42% compared to that of the as-received
alloy. 4-passes of ECAP processing resulted in additional increase in
the Hv-value. A similar trend was observed for the yield and
compressive strength. Experimental data of the Hv-values
demonstrated that there is a lack of any significant dependence on the
processing strain rate.
Abstract: Shortfall of electrical energy in Pakistan is a challenge
adversely affecting its industrial output and social growth. As
elsewhere, Pakistan derives its electrical energy from a number of
conventional sources. The exhaustion of petroleum and conventional
resources, the rising costs coupled with extremely adverse climatic
effects are taking its toll especially on the under-developed countries
like Pakistan. As alternate, renewable energy sources like hydropower,
solar, wind, even bio-energy and a mix of some or all of them
could provide a credible alternative to the conventional energy
resources that would not only be cleaner but sustainable as well. As a
model, solar energy-based power grid for the near future has been
attempted to offset the energy shortfalls as a mix with our existing
sustainable natural energy resources. An assessment of solar energy
potential for electricity generation is being presented for fulfilling the
energy demands with higher level of reliability and sustainability.
This model is based on the premise that solar energy potential of
Pakistan is not only reliable but also sustainable. This research
estimates the present & future approaching renewable energy
resource specially the impact of solar energy based power grid for
mitigating energy shortage in Pakistan.
Abstract: The thyroid gland is the largest classic endocrine
organ that effects many organs of the body and plays a significant
role in the process of Metabolism in animals. The aim of this study
was to investigate the prevalence of thyroid disorders diagnosed by
ultrasound and microscopic Lesions of the thyroid during the
slaughter of apparently healthy One Humped Camels (Camelus
dromedarius) in Iran. Randomly, 520 male camels (With an age
range of 4 to 8 years), were studied in 2012 to 2013. The Camels’
thyroid glands were evaluated by sonographic examination. In both
longitudinal and transverse view and then tissue sections were
provide and stained with H & E and finally examined by light
microscopy. The results obtained indicated the following:
hyperplastic goiter (21%), degenerative changes (12%), follicular
cysts (8%), follicular atrophy (4%), nodular hyperplasia (3%),
adenoma (1%), carcinoma (1%) and simple goiter colloid (1%).
Ultrasound evaluation of thyroid gland in adenoma and carcinoma
showed enlargement and irregular of the gland, decreased
echogenicity, and the heterogeneous thyroid parenchyma. Also, in
follicular cysts were observed in the enlarged gland with no echo
structures of different sizes and decreased echogenicity as a local or
general. In nodular hyperplasia, increase echogenicity and
heterogeneous parenchymal were seen. These findings suggest the
use of sonography and pathology as a screening test in the diagnosis
of complications of thyroid disorders.
Abstract: As the current status and growth of Indian automobile
industry is remarkable, transportation sectors are the main concern in
terms of energy security and climate change. Due to rising demand of
fuel and its dependency on foreign countries that affects the GDP of
nation, suggests that penetration of electrical vehicle will increase in
near future. So in this context analysis is done if the 10 percent of
conventional vehicles including cars, three wheelers and two
wheelers becomes electrical vehicles in near future which is also a
part of Nations Electric Mobility Mission Plan then the saving which
improves the nation’s economy is analyzed in detail. Whether the
Indian electricity grid is capable of taking this load with current
generation and demand all over the country is also analyzed in detail.
Current situation of Indian grid is analyzed and how the gap between
generation and demand can be reduced is discussed in terms of
increasing generation capacity and energy conservation measures.
Electrical energy conservation measures in Industry and especially in
rural areas have been analyzed to improve performance of Indian
electricity grid in context of electrical vehicle penetration in near
future. Author was a part of Vishvakarma yojna in which energy
losses were measured in 255 villages of Gujarat and solutions were
suggested to mitigate them and corresponding reports was submitted
to the authorities of Gujarat government.
Abstract: This paper will examine the need for more aggressive
public policies around bodily, reproductive and sexual health
education for young people with disabilities in the United States.
This paper will consider the policies around sexuality education
for students in the United States and the recommendation for national
standards around sexuality education. We will investigate the
intersection of these policies and recommendations for students with
disabilities and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
(IDEA): what this means for students with disabilities’ access to
comprehensive sexuality education and how it affects their behaviors
and outcomes.
Abstract: Burnishing is increasingly used as a finishing operation to improve surface roughness and surface hardness. This can be achieved by applying a hard ball or roller onto metallic surfaces under pressure, in order to achieve many advantages in the metallic surface. In the present work, the feed rate, speed and force have been considered as the basic burnishing parameters to study the surface roughness and surface hardness of metallic matrix composites. The considered metal matrix composites were made from Aluminum-Magnesium-Graphite with five different weight percentage of graphite. Both effects of burnishing parameters mentioned above and the graphite percentage on the surface hardness and surface roughness of the metallic matrix composites were studied. The results of this investigation showed that the surface hardness of the metallic composites increases with the increase of the burnishing force and decreases with the increase in the burnishing feed rate and burnishing speed. The surface roughness of the metallic composites decreases with the increasing of the burnishing force, feed rate, and speed to certain values, then it starts to increase. On the other hand, the increase in the weight percentage of the graphite in the considered composites causes a decrease in the surface hardness and an increase in the surface roughness.
Abstract: Reverse Logistics (RL) Network is considered as
complex and dynamic network that involves many stakeholders such
as: suppliers, manufactures, warehouse, retails and costumers, this
complexity is inherent in such process due to lack of perfect
knowledge or conflicting information. Ontologies on the other hand
can be considered as an approach to overcome the problem of sharing
knowledge and communication among the various reverse logistics
partners. In this paper we propose a semantic representation based on
hybrid architecture for building the Ontologies in ascendant way, this
method facilitates the semantic reconciliation between the
heterogeneous information systems that support reverse logistics
processes and product data.
Abstract: Laser beam welding of dissimilar sheet metal
combinations such as Ti/Al, SS/Al and Cu/Al are increasingly
demanded due to high energy densities with less fusion and heat
affected zones. A good weld joint strength involves combinations of
dissimilar metals and the formation of solid solution in the weld pool.
Many metal pairs suffer from significant intermetallic phase
formation during welding which greatly reduces their strength. The
three different sheet metal mentioned above is critically reviewed and
phase diagram for the combinations are given. The aim of this study
is to develop an efficient metal combinations and the influence on
their interfacial characteristics. For that the following parameters
such as weld geometry, residual distortion, micro hardness,
microstructure and mechanical properties are analyzed
systematically.
Abstract: An existing RC building in Madinah is seismically
evaluated with and without infill wall. Four model systems have been
considered i.e. model I (no infill), model IIA (strut infill-update from
field test), model IIB (strut infill- ASCE/SEI 41) and model IIC (strut
infill-Soft storey- ASCE/SEI 41). Three dimensional pushover
analyses have been carried out using SAP2000 software
incorporating inelastic material behavior for concrete, steel and infill
walls. Infill wall has been modeled as equivalent strut according to
suggested equation matching field test measurements and to the
ASCE/SEI 41 equation. The effect of building modeling on the
performance point as well as capacity and demand spectra due to EQ
design spectrum function in Madinah area has been investigated. The
response modification factor (R) for the 5 story RC building is
evaluated from capacity and demand spectra (ATC-40) for the
studied models. The results are summarized and discussed.
Abstract: Contracting authorities in the public sector are
obligated to apply the principles provided for in the Polish law for the
evaluation and selection of contractors. In order to analyse the
methods of contractors selecting applied in practice by public clients,
the notices of contract award results for construction works were
analysed. The analysis shows that the procedure selected more and
more often is open competitive bidding, where the assessment of the
competence of contractors is not very precise, as well as noncompetitive
bidding, i.e. single source procurement. The share of
procurement procedures, where the only criterion is price, is
increasing. The solution to the problems existing here might be the
introduction of one of the forms of pre-selection of contractors. The
article also briefly discusses verification systems for companies
applying for public contracts used in EU countries.