Abstract: Silver-exchanged zeolites and clays are used in
polymer composites to confer broad-spectrum antimicrobial
properties on a range of functional materials. Tobermorite is a layer
lattice mineral whose potential as a carrier for Ag+ ions in
antibacterial composites has not yet been investigated. Accordingly,
in this study, synthetic tobermorite was ion-exchanged with 10 wt%
silver ions and the resulting material was incorporated into a
composite film with chitosan. Chitosan is a biocompatible,
biodegradable derivative of chitin, a polysaccharide obtained from
the shells of crustaceans. The solvent-cast Ag+-exchanged
tobermorite-chitosan films were found to exhibit antimicrobial action
against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa.
Abstract: For future Broad band ISDN, Asynchronous Transfer
Mode (ATM) is designed not only to support a wide range of traffic
classes with diverse flow characteristics, but also to guarantee the
different quality of service QOS requirements. The QOS may be
measured in terms of cell loss probability and maximum cell delay.
In this paper, ATM networks in which the virtual path (VP)
concept is implemented are considered. By applying the Markov
Deterministic process method, an efficient algorithm to compute the
minimum capacity required to satisfy the QOS requirements when
multiple classes of on-off are multiplexed on to a single VP. Using
the result, we then proposed a simple algorithm to determine different
combinations of VP to achieve the optimum of the total capacity
required for satisfying the individual QOS requirements (loss- delay).
Abstract: In this paper, our concern is the management of mobile transactions in the shared area among many servers, when the mobile user moves from one cell to another in online partiallyreplicated distributed mobile database environment. We defined the concept of transaction and classified the different types of transactions. Based on this analysis, we propose an algorithm that handles the disconnection due to moving among sites.
Abstract: The growth of open networks created the interest to
commercialise it. The establishment of an electronic business
mechanism must be accompanied by a digital – electronic payment
system to transfer the value of transactions. Financial organizations
are requested to offer a secure e-payment synthesis with equivalent
level of security served in conventional paper-based payment
transactions. PKI, which is functioning as a chain of trust in security
architecture, can enable security services of cryptography to epayments,
in order to take advantage of the wider base either of
customer or of trading partners and the reduction of cost transaction
achieved by the use of Internet channels. The paper addresses the
possibilities and the implementation suggestions of PKI in relevance
to electronic payments by suggesting a framework that should be
followed.
Abstract: One of the major parts of a jet engine is air intake,
which provides proper and required amount of air for the engine to
operate. There are several aerodynamic parameters which should be
considered in design, such as distortion, pressure recovery, etc. In
this research, the effects of lip ice accretion on pitot intake
performance are investigated. For ice accretion phenomenon, two
supervised multilayer neural networks (ANN) are designed, one for
ice shape prediction and another one for ice roughness estimation
based on experimental data. The Fourier coefficients of transformed
ice shape and parameters include velocity, liquid water content
(LWC), median volumetric diameter (MVD), spray time and
temperature are used in neural network training. Then, the subsonic
intake flow field is simulated numerically using 2D Navier-Stokes
equations and Finite Volume approach with Hybrid mesh includes
structured and unstructured meshes. The results are obtained in
different angles of attack and the variations of intake aerodynamic
parameters due to icing phenomenon are discussed. The results show
noticeable effects of ice accretion phenomenon on intake behavior.
Abstract: This paper describes the use of artificial neural
networks (ANN) for predicting non-linear layer moduli of flexible
airfield pavements subjected to new generation aircraft (NGA)
loading, based on the deflection profiles obtained from Heavy
Weight Deflectometer (HWD) test data. The HWD test is one of the
most widely used tests for routinely assessing the structural integrity
of airport pavements in a non-destructive manner. The elastic moduli
of the individual pavement layers backcalculated from the HWD
deflection profiles are effective indicators of layer condition and are
used for estimating the pavement remaining life. HWD tests were
periodically conducted at the Federal Aviation Administration-s
(FAA-s) National Airport Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF) to
monitor the effect of Boeing 777 (B777) and Beoing 747 (B747) test
gear trafficking on the structural condition of flexible pavement
sections. In this study, a multi-layer, feed-forward network which
uses an error-backpropagation algorithm was trained to approximate
the HWD backcalculation function. The synthetic database generated
using an advanced non-linear pavement finite-element program was
used to train the ANN to overcome the limitations associated with
conventional pavement moduli backcalculation. The changes in
ANN-based backcalculated pavement moduli with trafficking were
used to compare the relative severity effects of the aircraft landing
gears on the NAPTF test pavements.
Abstract: In this paper, we use Generalized Hamiltonian systems approach to synchronize a modified sixth-order Chua's circuit, which generates hyperchaotic dynamics. Synchronization is obtained between the master and slave dynamics with the slave being given by an observer. We apply this approach to transmit private information (analog and binary), while the encoding remains potentially secure.
Abstract: The contribution deals with problem of take-off phase of back somersault with twisting with various numbers of twists along longitudinal body axis. The aim was to evaluate the changes in angles during transition phase from back handspring to back somersault using 3D kinematic analysis of the somersaults. We used Simi Motion System for the 3D kinematic analysis of the observed gymnastic element performed by Czech Republic female representative and 2008 Summer Olympic Games participant. The results showed that the higher the number of twists, the smaller the touchdown angle in which the gymnasts lands on the pad in the beginning of take-off phase. In back somersault with one twist (180°) the average angle is 54°, in 1080° back somersault the average angle is 45.9°. These results may help to improve technical training of sports gymnasts.
Abstract: Adenylate kinase (AK) catalyse the phosphotransferase
reaction plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis. The
inhibitors of bacterial AK are useful in the treatment of several
bacterial infections. To the novel inhibitors of AK, docking studies
performed by using the 3D structure of Bacillus stearothermophilus
adenylate kinase from protein data bank (IZIP). 46 Quinoxaline
analogues were docked in 1ZIP and selected the highly interacting
compounds based on their binding energies, for further studies
Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with raw or heat-treated sunflower oil seed with two levels of 7.5% or 15% on unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat and performances of high-yielding lactating cows. Twenty early lactating Holstein cows were used in a complete randomized design. Treatments included: 1) CON, control (without sunflower oil seed). 2) LS-UT, 7.5% raw sunflower oil seed. 3) LS-HT, 7.5% heat-treated sunflower oil seed. 4) HS-UT, 15% raw sunflower oil seed. 5) HS-HT, 15% heat-treated sunflower oil seed. Experimental period lasted for 4 wk, with first 2 wk used for adaptation to the diets. Supplementation with 7.5% raw sunflower seed (LS-UT) tended to decrease milk yield, with 28.37 kg/d compared with the control (34.75 kg/d). Milk fat percentage was increased with the HS-UT treatment that obtained 3.71% compared with CON that was 3.39% and without significant different. Milk protein percent was decreased high level sunflower oil seed treatments (15%) with 3.18% whereas CON treatment is caused 3.40% protein. The cows fed added low sunflower heat-treated (LS-HT) produced milk with the highest content of total unsaturated fatty acid with 32.59 g/100g of milk fat compared with the HS-UT with 23.59 g/100g of milk fat. Content of C18 unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat increased from 21.68 g/100g of fat in the HS-UT to 22.50, 23.98, 27.39 and 30.30 g/100g of fat from the cow fed HS-HT, CON, LS-UT and LS-HT treatments, respectively. C18:2 isomers of fatty acid in milk were greater by LSHT supplementation with significant effect (P < 0.05). Total of C18 unsaturated fatty acids content was significantly higher in milk of animal fed added low heat-treated sunflower (7.5%) than those fed with high sunflower. In all, results of this study showed that diet cow's supplementation with sunflower oil seed tended to reduce milk production of lactating cows but can improve C18 UFA (Unsaturated Fatty Acid) content in milk fat. 7.5% level of sunflower oil seed that heated seemed to be the optimal source to increase UFA production.
Abstract: The paper presents the multi-element synthetic
transmit aperture (MSTA) method with a small number of elements
transmitting and all elements apertures in medical ultrasound
imaging. As compared to the other methods MSTA allows to
increase the system frame rate and provides the best compromise
between penetration depth and lateral resolution.
In the experiments a 128-element linear transducer array with
0.3 mm pitch excited by a burst pulse of 125 ns duration were used.
The comparison of 2D ultrasound images of tissue mimicking
phantom obtained using the STA and the MSTA methods is
presented to demonstrate the benefits of the second approach. The
results were obtained using SA algorithm with transmit and receive
signals correction based on a single element directivity function.
Abstract: Removing noise from the any processed images is very important. Noise should be removed in such a way that important information of image should be preserved. A decisionbased nonlinear algorithm for elimination of band lines, drop lines, mark, band lost and impulses in images is presented in this paper. The algorithm performs two simultaneous operations, namely, detection of corrupted pixels and evaluation of new pixels for replacing the corrupted pixels. Removal of these artifacts is achieved without damaging edges and details. However, the restricted window size renders median operation less effective whenever noise is excessive in that case the proposed algorithm automatically switches to mean filtering. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed in terms of Mean Square Error [MSE], Peak-Signal-to-Noise Ratio [PSNR], Signal-to-Noise Ratio Improved [SNRI], Percentage Of Noise Attenuated [PONA], and Percentage Of Spoiled Pixels [POSP]. This is compared with standard algorithms already in use and improved performance of the proposed algorithm is presented. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is that a single algorithm can replace several independent algorithms which are required for removal of different artifacts.
Abstract: Intelligent Transportation System integrates various modern advanced technologies into the ground transportation system, and it will be the goal of urban transport system in the future because of its comprehensive effects. However, it also brings some problems, such as project performance assessment, fairness of benefiting groups, fund management, which are directly related to its operation and implementation. Wuhan has difficulties in organizing transportation because of its nature feature (river and lake), therefore, calling Service of Taxi plays an important role in transportation. This paper researches on calling Service of Taxi in Wuhan, based on quantitative and qualitative analysis. It analyzes its operations management systematically, including business model, finance, usage analysis and users evaluation. As for business model, it is that the government leads the operation at the initial stage, and the third part dominates the operation at the mature stage, which not only eases the pressure of the third part and benefits the spread of the calling service at the initial stage, but also alleviates financial pressure of government and improve the efficiency of the operation at the mature stage. As for finance, it draws that this service will bring heavy financial burden of equipments, but it will be alleviated in the future because of its spread. As for usage analysis, through data comparison, this service can bring some benefits for taxi drivers, and time and spatial distribution of usage have certain features. As for user evaluation, it analyzes using group and the reason why choosing it. At last, according to the analysis above, the paper puts forward the potentials, limitations, and future development strategies for it.
Abstract: The motion planning procedure described in this paper has been developed in order to eliminate or reduce the residual vibrations of electromechanical positioning systems, without augmenting the motion time (usually imposed by production requirements), nor introducing overtime for vibration damping. The proposed technique is based on a suitable choice of the motion law assigned to the servomotor that drives the mechanism. The reference profile is defined by a Bezier curve, whose shape can be easily changed by modifying some numerical parameters. By means of an optimization technique these parameters can be modified without altering the continuity conditions imposed on the displacement and on its time derivatives at the initial and final time instants.
Abstract: As the number of networked computers grows,
intrusion detection is an essential component in keeping networks
secure. Various approaches for intrusion detection are currently
being in use with each one has its own merits and demerits. This
paper presents our work to test and improve the performance of a
new class of decision tree c-fuzzy decision tree to detect intrusion.
The work also includes identifying best candidate feature sub set to
build the efficient c-fuzzy decision tree based Intrusion Detection
System (IDS). We investigated the usefulness of c-fuzzy decision
tree for developing IDS with a data partition based on horizontal
fragmentation. Empirical results indicate the usefulness of our
approach in developing the efficient IDS.
Abstract: The refueling of a transparent rectangular fuel tank
fitted with a standard filler pipe and roll-over valve was
experimentally studied. A fuel-conditioning cart, capable of
handling fuels of different Reid vapor pressure at a constant
temperature, was used to dispense fuel at the desired rate. The
experimental protocol included transient recording of the tank and
filler tube pressures while video recording the flow patterns in the
filler tube and tank during the refueling process. This information
was used to determine the effect of changes in the vent tube
diameter, fuel-dispense flow rate and fuel Reid vapor pressure on the
pressure-time characteristics and the occurrence of premature fuel
filling shut-off and fuel spill-back. Pressure-time curves for the case
of normal shut-off demonstrated the classic, three-phase
characteristic noted in the literature. The variation of the maximum
values of tank dome and filler tube pressures are analyzed in relation
to the occurrence of premature shut-off.
Abstract: In this paper, an adaptive polarized Multiple-Input
Multiple-Output (MIMO) Multicarrier Spread Spectrum Code Division Multiple Access (MC-SS-CDMA) system is designed for downlink mobile communications. The proposed system will be
examined in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode for both macro urban and suburban environments. For the same transmission
bandwidth, a performance comparison between both nonoverlapped and orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) schemes will be presented. Also, the proposed system will be compared with
both the closed loop vertical MIMO MC-SS-CDMA system and the
synchronous vertical STBC-MIMO MC-SS-CDMA system. As will
be shown, the proposed system introduces a significant performance
gain as well as reducing the spatial dimensions of the MIMO system
and simplifying the receiver implementation. The effect of the
polarization diversity characteristics on the BER performance will be
discussed. Also, the impact of excluding the cross-polarization MCSS-
CDMA blocks in the base station will be investigated. In addition,
the system performance will be evaluated under different Feedback
Information (FBI) rates for slowly-varying channels. Finally, a
performance comparison for vehicular and pedestrian environments
will be presented
Abstract: In this paper a Pattern Recognition algorithm based on
a constrained version of the k-means clustering algorithm will be
presented. The proposed algorithm is a non parametric supervised
statistical pattern recognition algorithm, i.e. it works under very mild
assumptions on the dataset. The performance of the algorithm will
be tested, togheter with a feature extraction technique that captures
the information on the closed two-dimensional contour of an image,
on images of industrial mineral ores.
Abstract: This article deals with numerical simulation of the
floor heating convector in 3D. Numerical simulation is focused on
cooling mode of the floor heating convector. Geometrical model
represents section of the heat exchanger – two fins with the gap
between, pipes are not involved. Two types of fin are examined –
sinusoidal and angular shape with different fin spacing. Results of fin
spacing in case of constant Reynolds number are presented. For the
numerical simulation was used commercial software Ansys Fluent.
Abstract: Since Network-on-Chip (NoC) uses network
interfaces (NIs) to improve the design productivity, by now, there
have been a few papers addressing the design and implementation of a
NI module. However, none of them considered the difference of
address encoding methods between NoC and the traditional
bus-shared architecture. On the basis of this difference, in the paper,
we introduce a transmit mechanism to solve such a problem for global
asynchronous locally synchronous (GALS) NoC. Furthermore, we
give the concrete implementation of the NI module in this transmit
mechanism. Finally, we evaluate its performance and area overhead
by a VHDL-based cycle-accurate RTL model and simulation results
confirm the validity of this address-oriented transmit mechanism.