Abstract: Network security attacks are the violation of
information security policy that received much attention to the
computational intelligence society in the last decades. Data mining
has become a very useful technique for detecting network intrusions
by extracting useful knowledge from large number of network data
or logs. Naïve Bayesian classifier is one of the most popular data
mining algorithm for classification, which provides an optimal way
to predict the class of an unknown example. It has been tested that
one set of probability derived from data is not good enough to have
good classification rate. In this paper, we proposed a new learning
algorithm for mining network logs to detect network intrusions
through naïve Bayesian classifier, which first clusters the network
logs into several groups based on similarity of logs, and then
calculates the prior and conditional probabilities for each group of
logs. For classifying a new log, the algorithm checks in which cluster
the log belongs and then use that cluster-s probability set to classify
the new log. We tested the performance of our proposed algorithm by
employing KDD99 benchmark network intrusion detection dataset,
and the experimental results proved that it improves detection rates
as well as reduces false positives for different types of network
intrusions.
Abstract: Modeling and simulation of biochemical reactions is of great interest in the context of system biology. The central dogma of this re-emerging area states that it is system dynamics and organizing principles of complex biological phenomena that give rise to functioning and function of cells. Cell functions, such as growth, division, differentiation and apoptosis are temporal processes, that can be understood if they are treated as dynamic systems. System biology focuses on an understanding of functional activity from a system-wide perspective and, consequently, it is defined by two hey questions: (i) how do the components within a cell interact, so as to bring about its structure and functioning? (ii) How do cells interact, so as to develop and maintain higher levels of organization and functions? In recent years, wet-lab biologists embraced mathematical modeling and simulation as two essential means toward answering the above questions. The credo of dynamics system theory is that the behavior of a biological system is given by the temporal evolution of its state. Our understanding of the time behavior of a biological system can be measured by the extent to which a simulation mimics the real behavior of that system. Deviations of a simulation indicate either limitations or errors in our knowledge. The aim of this paper is to summarize and review the main conceptual frameworks in which models of biochemical networks can be developed. In particular, we review the stochastic molecular modelling approaches, by reporting the principal conceptualizations suggested by A. A. Markov, P. Langevin, A. Fokker, M. Planck, D. T. Gillespie, N. G. van Kampfen, and recently by D. Wilkinson, O. Wolkenhauer, P. S. Jöberg and by the author.
Abstract: The article presents test results on the changes
occurring in sewage sludge during the process of its storage. Tests
were conducted on mechanically dehydrated sewage sludge derived
from large municipal sewage treatment plants equipped with
biological sewage treatment systems. In testing presented in the paper
the focus was on the basic fuel properties of sewage sludge: moisture
content, heat of combustion, carbon share. In the first part of the
article the overview of the issues concerning the sewage sludge
management is presented and the genesis of tests is explained.
Further in the paper, selected results of conducted tests are discussed.
Changes in tested parameters were determined in the period of a 10-
month sewage storage.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for
delineating the endocardial wall from a human heart ultrasound scan.
We assume that the gray levels in the ultrasound images are
independent and identically distributed random variables with
different Rician Inverse Gaussian (RiIG) distributions. Both synthetic
and real clinical data will be used for testing the algorithm. Algorithm
performance will be evaluated using the expert radiologist evaluation
of a soft copy of an ultrasound scan during the scanning process and
secondly, doctor’s conclusion after going through a printed copy of
the same scan. Successful implementation of this algorithm should
make it possible to differentiate normal from abnormal soft tissue and
help disease identification, what stage the disease is in and how best
to treat the patient. We hope that an automated system that uses this
algorithm will be useful in public hospitals especially in Third World
countries where problems such as shortage of skilled radiologists and
shortage of ultrasound machines are common. These public hospitals
are usually the first and last stop for most patients in these countries.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose effective system for digital music retrieval. We divided proposed system into Client and Server. Client part consists of pre-processing and Content-based feature extraction stages. In pre-processing stage, we minimized Time code Gap that is occurred among same music contents. As content-based feature, first-order differentiated MFCC were used. These presented approximately envelop of music feature sequences. Server part included Music Server and Music Matching stage. Extracted features from 1,000 digital music files were stored in Music Server. In Music Matching stage, we found retrieval result through similarity measure by DTW. In experiment, we used 450 queries. These were made by mixing different compression standards and sound qualities from 50 digital music files. Retrieval accurate indicated 97% and retrieval time was average 15ms in every single query. Out experiment proved that proposed system is effective in retrieve digital music and robust at various user environments of web.
Abstract: This paper presents a remote on-line diagnostic system
for vehicles via the use of On-Board Diagnostic (OBD), GPS, and 3G
techniques. The main parts of the proposed system are on-board
computer, vehicle monitor server, and vehicle status browser. First,
the on-board computer can obtain the location of deriver and vehicle
status from GPS receiver and OBD interface, respectively. Then
on-board computer will connect with the vehicle monitor server
through 3G network to transmit the real time vehicle system status.
Finally, vehicle status browser could show the remote vehicle status
including vehicle speed, engine rpm, battery voltage, engine coolant
temperature, and diagnostic trouble codes. According to the
experimental results, the proposed system can help fleet managers and
car knockers to understand the remote vehicle status. Therefore this
system can decrease the time of fleet management and vehicle repair
due to the fleet managers and car knockers who find the diagnostic
trouble messages in time.
Abstract: This paper aims at to develop a robust optimization methodology for the mechatronic modules of machine tools by considering all important characteristics from all structural and control domains in one single process. The relationship between these two domains is strongly coupled. In order to reduce the disturbance caused by parameters in either one, the mechanical and controller design domains need to be integrated. Therefore, the concurrent integrated design method Design For Control (DFC), will be employed in this paper. In this connect, it is not only applied to achieve minimal power consumption but also enhance structural performance and system response at same time. To investigate the method for integrated optimization, a mechatronic feed drive system of the machine tools is used as a design platform. Pro/Engineer and AnSys are first used to build the 3D model to analyze and design structure parameters such as elastic deformation, nature frequency and component size, based on their effects and sensitivities to the structure. In addition, the robust controller,based on Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT), will be applied to determine proper control parameters for the controller. Therefore, overall physical properties of the machine tool will be obtained in the initial stage. Finally, the technology of design for control will be carried out to modify the structural and control parameters to achieve overall system performance. Hence, the corresponding productivity is expected to be greatly improved.
Abstract: The research was conducted with three replications as
“Randomized Block Design” in Konya-Turkey ecological conditions.
In the study, 16 of promising safflower lines (A8, E1, F4, F6, G16,
H14, I1), and 1 cultivar (Dinçer) were evaluated in 2008-09 growing
season. Some of the yield components such as plant height (cm), first
branch height (cm), number of branches per plant, 1000 seed weight
(g), seed yield (kg ha-1), oil content (%), oil yield (kg ha-1) were
determined. Winter sowing showed higher values than spring sowing.
The highest values were taken from Dinçer for plant height (86.7
cm), E1 (37.5 cm) for first branch height, F6 for number of branch
(11.6 per plant), I1 for number of head (24.9 per plant), A8 for 1000
seed weight (51.75 g), Dinçer for seed yield (2927.1 kg ha-1), oil
content (28.79 %) and also for oil yield (87.44 kg ha-1) respectively.
Abstract: Visual inputs are one of the key sources from which
humans perceive the environment and 'understand' what is
happening. Artificial systems perceive the visual inputs as digital
images. The images need to be processed and analysed. Within the
human brain, processing of visual inputs and subsequent
development of perception is one of its major functionalities. In this
paper we present part of our research project, which aims at the
development of an artificial model for visual perception (or
'understanding') based on the human perceptive and cognitive
systems. We propose a new model for perception from visual inputs
and a way of understaning or interpreting images using the model.
We demonstrate the implementation and use of the model with a real
image data set.
Abstract: Through inward perceptions, we intuitively expect
distributed software development to increase the risks associated with
achieving cost, schedule, and quality goals. To compound this
problem, agile software development (ASD) insists one of the main
ingredients of its success is cohesive communication attributed to
collocation of the development team. The following study identified
the degree of communication richness needed to achieve comparable
software quality (reduce pre-release defects) between distributed and
collocated teams. This paper explores the relevancy of
communication richness in various development phases and its
impact on quality. Through examination of a large distributed agile
development project, this investigation seeks to understand the levels
of communication required within each ASD phase to produce
comparable quality results achieved by collocated teams. Obviously,
a multitude of factors affects the outcome of software projects.
However, within distributed agile software development teams, the
mode of communication is one of the critical components required to
achieve team cohesiveness and effectiveness. As such, this study
constructs a distributed agile communication model (DAC-M) for
potential application to similar distributed agile development efforts
using the measurement of the suitable level of communication. The
results of the study show that less rich communication methods, in
the appropriate phase, might be satisfactory to achieve equivalent
quality in distributed ASD efforts.
Abstract: The cycles of the steam-injection gas-turbine systems are studied. The analyses of the parametric effects and the optimal operating conditions for the steam-injection gas-turbine (STIG) system and the regenerative steam-injection gas-turbine (RSTIG) system are investigated to ensure the maximum performance. Using the analytic model, the performance parameters of the system such as thermal efficiency, fuel consumption and specific power, and also the optimal operating conditions are evaluated in terms of pressure ratio, steam injection ratio, ambient temperature and turbine inlet temperature (TIT). It is shown that the computational results are presented to have a notable enhancement of thermal efficiency and specific power.
Abstract: Ultra-wide band (UWB) communication is one of
the most promising technologies for high data rate wireless networks
for short range applications. This paper proposes a blind channel
estimation method namely IMM (Interactive Multiple Model) Based
Kalman algorithm for UWB OFDM systems. IMM based Kalman
filter is proposed to estimate frequency selective time varying
channel. In the proposed method, two Kalman filters are concurrently
estimate the channel parameters. The first Kalman filter namely
Static Model Filter (SMF) gives accurate result when the user is static
while the second Kalman filter namely the Dynamic Model Filter
(DMF) gives accurate result when the receiver is in moving state. The
static transition matrix in SMF is assumed as an Identity matrix
where as in DMF, it is computed using Yule-Walker equations. The
resultant filter estimate is computed as a weighted sum of individual
filter estimates. The proposed method is compared with other existing
channel estimation methods.
Abstract: The evaluation of the question answering system is a major research area that needs much attention. Before the rise of domain-oriented question answering systems based on natural language understanding and reasoning, evaluation is never a problem as information retrieval-based metrics are readily available for use. However, when question answering systems began to be more domains specific, evaluation becomes a real issue. This is especially true when understanding and reasoning is required to cater for a wider variety of questions and at the same time achieve higher quality responses The research in this paper discusses the inappropriateness of the existing measure for response quality evaluation and in a later part, the call for new standard measures and the related considerations are brought forward. As a short-term solution for evaluating response quality of heterogeneous systems, and to demonstrate the challenges in evaluating systems of different nature, this research presents a black-box approach using observation, classification scheme and a scoring mechanism to assess and rank three example systems (i.e. AnswerBus, START and NaLURI).
Abstract: This paper presents a robust vehicle detection approach using Haar-like feature. It is possible to get a strong edge feature from this Haar-like feature. Therefore it is very effective to remove the shadow of a vehicle on the road. And we can detect the boundary of vehicles accurately. In the paper, the vehicle detection algorithm can be divided into two main steps. One is hypothesis generation, and the other is hypothesis verification. In the first step, it determines vehicle candidates using features such as a shadow, intensity, and vertical edge. And in the second step, it determines whether the candidate is a vehicle or not by using the symmetry of vehicle edge features. In this research, we can get the detection rate over 15 frames per second on our embedded system.
Abstract: The pulp and paper mill effluent is one of the high
polluting effluent amongst the effluents obtained from polluting
industries. All the available methods for treatment of pulp and paper
mill effluent have certain drawbacks. The coagulation is one of the
cheapest process for treatment of various organic effluents. Thus, the
removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour of paper mill
effluent is studied using coagulation process. The batch coagulation
process was performed using various coagulants like: aluminium
chloride, poly aluminium chloride and copper sulphate. The initial
pH of the effluent (Coagulation pH) has tremendous effect on COD
and colour removal. Poly aluminium chloride (PAC) as coagulant
reduced COD to 84 % and 92 % of colour was removed at an
optimum pH 5 and coagulant dose of 8 ml l-1. With aluminium
chloride at an optimum pH = 4 and coagulant dose of 5 g l-1, 74 %
COD and 86 % colour removal were observed. The results using
copper sulphate as coagulant (a less commercial coagulant) were
encouraging. At an optimum pH 6 and mass loading of 5 g l-1, 76 %
COD reduction and 78 % colour reduction were obtained. It was also
observed that after addition of coagulant, the pH of the effluent
decreases. The decrease in pH was highest for AlCl3, which was
followed by PAC and CuSO4. Significant amount of COD reductions
was obtained by coagulation process. Since the coagulation process
is the first stage for treatment of effluent and some of the coagulant
cations usually remain in the treated effluents. Thus, cation like
copper may be one of the good catalyst for second stage of treatment
process like wet oxidation. The copper has been found to be good
oxidation catalyst then iron and aluminum.
Abstract: Studies revealing the positive relationship between
trade and income are often criticized with the argument that
“development should mean more than rising incomes". Taking this
argument as a base and utilizing panel data, Davies and Quinlivan [1]
have demonstrated that increases in trade are positively associated
with future increases in social welfare as measured by the Human
Development Index (HDI). The purpose of this study is twofold:
Firstly, utilizing an income based country classification; it is aimed
to investigate whether the positive association between foreign trade
and HDI is valid within all country groups. Secondly, keeping the
same categorization as a base; it is aimed to reveal whether the
positive link between trade and HDI still exists when the income
components of the index are excluded. Employing a panel data
framework of 106 countries, this study reveals that the positive link
between trade and human development is valid only for high and
medium income countries. Moreover, the positive link between trade
and human development diminishes in lower-medium income
countries when only non-income components of the index are taken
into consideration.
Abstract: In this study, it is investigated the stability boundary of
Functionally Graded (FG) panel under the heats and supersonic
airflows. Material properties are assumed to be temperature
dependent, and a simple power law distribution is taken. First-order
shear deformation theory (FSDT) of plate is applied to model the
panel, and the von-Karman strain- displacement relations are
adopted to consider the geometric nonlinearity due to large
deformation. Further, the first-order piston theory is used to model the
supersonic aerodynamic load acting on a panel and Rayleigh damping
coefficient is used to present the structural damping. In order to find a
critical value of the speed, linear flutter analysis of FG panels is
performed. Numerical results are compared with the previous works,
and present results for the temperature dependent material are
discussed in detail for stability boundary of the panel with various
volume fractions, and aerodynamic pressures.
Abstract: The research was set up on chernozem soil at the Látókép AGTC MÉK research area of the University of Debrecen in Hungary. We examined the yield, the yield production per 1kg NPK fertilizer and the water and nutrient utilization of hybrid PR37N01 and PR37M81 in 2013. We found that PR37N01 produced the most yield at the level of N120+P (17,476kg ha-1) while PR37M81 reached the highest yield at level N150+PK (16,754kg ha-1). Studies related to yield production per 1kg NPK indicated that the best results were achieved at level N30+PK compared to the control treatment. Yield production per 1kg NPK was17.6kg kg-1 by P37N01 and 44.2kg kg-1 by PR37M81. By comparing the water utilization of hybrids we found that the worst water utilization results were reached in the control treatment (PR37N01: 26.2kg mm-1, PR37M81: 19.5kg mm-1). The best water utilization values were produced at level N120+PK in the case of hybrid PR37N01 (32.1kg mm-1) and at N150+PK in the case of hybrid PR37M81 (30.8kg mm-1). We established the values of the nutrient reaction and the fertilizer optimum of hybrids. We discovered a strong relationship between the amount of fertilizer applied and the yield produced (r2= 0.8228–0.9515). The best nutrient response was induced by hybrid PR37N01, while the weakest results were reached by hybrid PR37M81.
Abstract: Numerical studies have been carried out using a two
dimensional code to examine the influence of pressure / thrust
transient of solid propellant rockets at liftoff. This code solves
unsteady Reynolds-averaged thin-layer Navier–Stokes equations by
an implicit LU-factorization time-integration method. The results
from the parametric study indicate that when the port is narrow there
is a possibility of increase in pressure / thrust-rise rate due to
relatively high flame spread rate. Parametric studies further reveal
that flame spread rate can be altered by altering the propellant
properties, igniter jet characteristics and nozzle closure burst pressure
without altering the grain configuration and/or the mission
demanding thrust transient. We observed that when the igniter
turbulent intensity is relatively low the vehicle could liftoff early due
to the early flow choking of the rocket nozzle. We concluded that the
high pressurization-rate has structural implications at liftoff in
addition to transient burning effect. Therefore prudent selection of the
port geometry and the igniter, for meeting the mission requirements,
within the given envelop are meaningful objectives for any designer
for the smooth liftoff of solid propellant rockets.
Abstract: the reliability analysis of the medical equipments can
help to increase the availability and the efficiency of the systems. In
this manuscript we present a simple method of decomposition that
could be easily applied on the complex medical systems. Using this
method we can easily calculate the effect of the subsystems or
components on the reliability of the overall system. Furthermore, to
investigate the effect of subsystems or components on system
performance, we perform a numerical study varying every time the
worst reliability of subsystem or component with another which has
higher reliability. It can also be useful to engineers and designers of
medical equipment, who wishes to optimize the complex systems.