Abstract: In this paper, the existence of multiple positive
solutions for a class of third-order three-point discrete boundary value
problem is studied by applying algebraic topology method.
Abstract: Partial oxidation (POX) of light hydrocarbons (e.g.
methane) is occurred in the first part of the autothermal reformer
(ATR). The results of the detailed modeling of the reformer based on
the thermodynamic model of the POX and 1D heterogeneous
catalytic model for the fixed bed section are considered here.
According to the results, the overall performance of the ATR can be
improved by changing the important feed parameters.
Abstract: In this paper the performance of unified power flow
controller is investigated in controlling the flow of po wer over the
transmission line. Voltage sources model is utilized to study the
behaviour of the UPFC in regulating the active, reactive power and
voltage profile. This model is incorporated in Newton Raphson
algorithm for load flow studies. Simultaneous method is employed
in which equations of UPFC and the power balance equations of
network are combined in to one set of non-linear algebraic equations.
It is solved according to the Newton raphson algorithm. Case studies
are carried on standard 5 bus network. Simulation is done in Matlab.
The result of network with and without using UPFC are compared in
terms of active and reactive power flows in the line and active and
reactive power flows at the bus to analyze the performance of UPFC.
Abstract: Motor imagery classification provides an important basis for designing Brain Machine Interfaces [BMI]. A BMI captures and decodes brain EEG signals and transforms human thought into actions. The ability of an individual to control his EEG through imaginary mental tasks enables him to control devices through the BMI. This paper presents a method to design a four state BMI using EEG signals recorded from the C3 and C4 locations. Principle features extracted through principle component analysis of the segmented EEG are analyzed using two novel classification algorithms using Elman recurrent neural network and functional link neural network. Performance of both classifiers is evaluated using a particle swarm optimization training algorithm; results are also compared with the conventional back propagation training algorithm. EEG motor imagery recorded from two subjects is used in the offline analysis. From overall classification performance it is observed that the BP algorithm has higher average classification of 93.5%, while the PSO algorithm has better training time and maximum classification. The proposed methods promises to provide a useful alternative general procedure for motor imagery classification
Abstract: Analytical investigation of the free vibration behavior
of circular functionally graded (FG) plates integrated with two
uniformly distributed actuator layers made of piezoelectric (PZT4)
material on the top and bottom surfaces of the circular FG plate
based on the classical plate theory (CPT) is presented in this paper.
The material properties of the functionally graded substrate plate are
assumed to be graded in the thickness direction according to the
power-law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the
constituents and the distribution of electric potential field along the
thickness direction of piezoelectric layers is simulated by a quadratic
function. The differential equations of motion are solved analytically
for clamped edge boundary condition of the plate. The detailed
mathematical derivations are presented and Numerical investigations
are performed for FG plates with two surface-bonded piezoelectric
layers. Emphasis is placed on investigating the effect of varying the
gradient index of FG plate on the free vibration characteristics of the
structure. The results are verified by those obtained from threedimensional
finite element analyses.
Abstract: This research was conducted in the Pua Watershed whereas located in the Upper Nan River Basin in Nan province, Thailand. Nan River basin originated in Nan province that comprises of many tributary streams to produce as inflow to the Sirikit dam provided huge reservoir with the storage capacity of 9510 million cubic meters. The common problems of most watersheds were found i.e. shortage water supply for consumption and agriculture utilizations, deteriorate of water quality, flood and landslide including debris flow, and unstable of riverbank. The Pua Watershed is one of several small river basins that flow through the Nan River Basin. The watershed includes 404 km2 representing the Pua District, the Upper Nan Basin, or the whole Nan River Basin, of 61.5%, 18.2% or 1.2% respectively. The Pua River is a main stream producing all year streamflow supplying the Pua District and an inflow to the Upper Nan Basin. Its length approximately 56.3 kilometers with an average slope of the channel by 1.9% measured. A diversion weir namely Pua weir bound the plain and mountainous areas with a very steep slope of the riverbed to 2.9% and drainage area of 149 km2 as upstream watershed while a mild slope of the riverbed to 0.2% found in a river reach of 20.3 km downstream of this weir, which considered as a gauged basin. However, the major branch streams of the Pua River are ungauged catchments namely: Nam Kwang and Nam Koon with the drainage area of 86 and 35 km2 respectively. These upstream watersheds produce runoff through the 3-streams downstream of Pua weir, Jao weir, and Kang weir, with an averaged annual runoff of 578 million cubic meters. They were analyzed using both statistical data at Pua weir and simulated data resulted from the hydrologic modeling system (HEC–HMS) which applied for the remaining ungauged basins. Since the Kwang and Koon catchments were limited with lack of hydrological data included streamflow and rainfall. Therefore, the mathematical modeling: HEC-HMS with the Snyder-s hydrograph synthesized and transposed methods were applied for those areas using calibrated hydrological parameters from the upstream of Pua weir with continuously daily recorded of streamflow and rainfall data during 2008-2011. The results showed that the simulated daily streamflow and sum up as annual runoff in 2008, 2010, and 2011 were fitted with observed annual runoff at Pua weir using the simple linear regression with the satisfied correlation R2 of 0.64, 062, and 0.59, respectively. The sensitivity of simulation results were come from difficulty using calibrated parameters i.e. lag-time, coefficient of peak flow, initial losses, uniform loss rates, and missing some daily observed data. These calibrated parameters were used to apply for the other 2-ungauged catchments and downstream catchments simulated.
Abstract: The purpose of the research was to determine
effectiveness of habilitation of preschool children with cerebral palsy
in the process of pedagogical support of their families. The author
presents the study of psychology-pedagogical problems of families
with preschool children with cerebral palsy and the universal
program of pedagogical support of families. In the conclusion, the
author determines effectiveness of social adaptation of children with
cerebral palsy and their families.
Abstract: Multi-user interference (MUI) is the main reason of system deterioration in the Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) system. MUI increases with the number of simultaneous users, resulting into higher probability bit rate and limits the maximum number of simultaneous users. On the other hand, Phase induced intensity noise (PIIN) problem which is originated from spontaneous emission of broad band source from MUI severely limits the system performance should be addressed as well. Since the MUI is caused by the interference of simultaneous users, reducing the MUI value as small as possible is desirable. In this paper, an extensive study for the system performance specified by MUI and PIIN reducing is examined. Vectors Combinatorial (VC) codes families are adopted as a signature sequence for the performance analysis and a comparison with reported codes is performed. The results show that, when the received power increases, the PIIN noise for all the codes increases linearly. The results also show that the effect of PIIN can be minimized by increasing the code weight leads to preserve adequate signal to noise ratio over bit error probability. A comparison study between the proposed code and the existing codes such as Modified frequency hopping (MFH), Modified Quadratic- Congruence (MQC) has been carried out.
Abstract: Transcription factor p53 has a powerful tumor
suppressing function that is associated with many cancers. However,
p53 of the molecular weight was higher make the limitation across to
skin or cell membrane. Thymidine dinucleotide (pTT), an
oligonucleotide, can activate the p53 transcription factor. pTT is a
hydrophilic and negative charge oligonucleotide, which delivery in to
cell membrane need an appropriate carrier. The aim of this study was
to improve the bioavailability of the nucleotide fragment, thymidine
dinucleotide (pTT), using elasic liposome carriers to deliver the drug
into the skin. The study demonstrate that dioleoylphosphocholine
(DOPC) incorporated with sodium cholate at molar ratio 1:1 can
archived the particle size about 220 nm. This elastic liposome could
penetration through skin from stratum corneum to whole epidermis by
confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Moreover, we observed
the the slight increase in generation of p53 by western blot.
Abstract: This paper proposes a method that predicts attractive
evaluation objects. In the learning phase, the method inductively
acquires trend rules from complex sequential data. The data is
composed of two types of data. One is numerical sequential data.
Each evaluation object has respective numerical sequential data. The
other is text sequential data. Each evaluation object is described in
texts. The trend rules represent changes of numerical values related
to evaluation objects. In the prediction phase, the method applies
new text sequential data to the trend rules and evaluates which
evaluation objects are attractive. This paper verifies the effect of the
proposed method by using stock price sequences and news headline
sequences. In these sequences, each stock brand corresponds to an
evaluation object. This paper discusses validity of predicted attractive
evaluation objects, the process time of each phase, and the possibility
of application tasks.
Abstract: Vibration of thin cylindrical shells made of a
functionally gradient material composed of stainless steel and nickel
is presented. The effects of the FGM configuration are studied by
studying the frequencies of FG cylindrical shells. In this case FG
cylindrical shell has Nickel on its outer surface and stainless steel on
its inner surface. The study is carried out based on third order shear
deformation shell theory. The objective is to study the natural
frequencies, the influence of constituent volume fractions and the
effects of configurations of the constituent materials on the
frequencies. The properties are graded in the thickness direction
according to the volume fraction power-law distribution. Results are
presented on the frequency characteristics, the influence of the
constituent various volume fractions on the frequencies.
Abstract: A parallel block method based on Backward
Differentiation Formulas (BDF) is developed for the parallel solution
of stiff Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). Most common
methods for solving stiff systems of ODEs are based on implicit
formulae and solved using Newton iteration which requires repeated
solution of systems of linear equations with coefficient matrix, I -
hβJ . Here, J is the Jacobian matrix of the problem. In this paper,
the matrix operations is paralleled in order to reduce the cost of the
iterations. Numerical results are given to compare the speedup and
efficiency of parallel algorithm and that of sequential algorithm.
Abstract: Improvement in CAE methods has an important role for shortening of the vehicle product development time. It is provided that validation of the design and improvements in terms of durability can be done without hardware prototype production. In recent years, several different methods have been developed in order to investigate fatigue damage of the vehicle. The intended goal among these methods is prediction of fatigue damage in a short time with reduced costs. This study developed a new fatigue damage prediction method in the automotive sector using power spectrum densities of accelerations. This study also confirmed that the weak region in vehicle can be easily detected with the method developed in this study which results were compared with conventional method.
Abstract: In this paper a study on the vibration of thin
cylindrical shells with ring supports and made of functionally graded
materials (FGMs) composed of stainless steel and nickel is presented.
Material properties vary along the thickness direction of the shell
according to volume fraction power law. The cylindrical shells have
ring supports which are arbitrarily placed along the shell and impose
zero lateral deflections. The study is carried out based on third order
shear deformation shell theory (T.S.D.T). The analysis is carried out
using Hamilton-s principle. The governing equations of motion of
FGM cylindrical shells are derived based on shear deformation
theory. Results are presented on the frequency characteristics,
influence of ring support position and the influence of boundary
conditions. The present analysis is validated by comparing results
with those available in the literature.
Abstract: PARIS (Personal Archiving and Retrieving Image
System) is an experiment personal photograph library, which includes
more than 80,000 of consumer photographs accumulated within a
duration of approximately five years, metadata based on our proposed
MPEG-7 annotation architecture, Dozen Dimensional Digital Content
(DDDC), and a relational database structure. The DDDC architecture
is specially designed for facilitating the managing, browsing and
retrieving of personal digital photograph collections. In annotating
process, we also utilize a proposed Spatial and Temporal Ontology
(STO) designed based on the general characteristic of personal
photograph collections. This paper explains PRAIS system.
Abstract: The theory of Groebner Bases, which has recently been
honored with the ACM Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award,
has become a crucial building block to computer algebra, and is
widely used in science, engineering, and computer science. It is wellknown
that Groebner bases computation is EXP-SPACE in a general
setting. In this paper, we give an algorithm to show that Groebner
bases computation is P-SPACE in Boolean rings. We also show that
with this discovery, the Groebner bases method can theoretically be
as efficient as other methods for automated verification of hardware
and software. Additionally, many useful and interesting properties of
Groebner bases including the ability to efficiently convert the bases
for different orders of variables making Groebner bases a promising
method in automated verification.
Abstract: This paper gives an overview of how an OWL
ontology has been created to represent template knowledge models
defined in CML that are provided by CommonKADS.
CommonKADS is a mature knowledge engineering methodology
which proposes the use of template knowledge model for knowledge
modelling. The aim of developing this ontology is to present the
template knowledge model in a knowledge representation language
that can be easily understood and shared in the knowledge
engineering community. Hence OWL is used as it has become a
standard for ontology and also it already has user friendly tools for
viewing and editing.
Abstract: This paper aims to develop a NOx emission model of
an acid gas incinerator using Nelder-Mead least squares support
vector regression (LS-SVR). Malaysia DOE is actively imposing the
Clean Air Regulation to mandate the installation of analytical
instrumentation known as Continuous Emission Monitoring System
(CEMS) to report emission level online to DOE . As a hardware
based analyzer, CEMS is expensive, maintenance intensive and often
unreliable. Therefore, software predictive technique is often
preferred and considered as a feasible alternative to replace the
CEMS for regulatory compliance. The LS-SVR model is built based
on the emissions from an acid gas incinerator that operates in a LNG
Complex. Simulated Annealing (SA) is first used to determine the
initial hyperparameters which are then further optimized based on the
performance of the model using Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm.
The LS-SVR model is shown to outperform a benchmark model
based on backpropagation neural networks (BPNN) in both training
and testing data.
Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a new worldwide public
health problem. A diagnosis of this disease using creatinine is still a
problem in clinical practice. Therefore, a measurement of biomarkers
responsible for AKI has received much attention in the past couple
years. Cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18) was reported as one of the
early biomarkers for AKI. The most commonly used method to
detect this biomarker is an immunoassay. This study used a planar
platform to perform an immunoassay using fluorescence for
detection. In this study, anti-IL-18 antibody was immobilized onto a
microscope slide using a covalent binding method. Make-up samples
were diluted at the concentration between 10 to 1000 pg/ml to create
a calibration curve. The precision of the system was determined
using a coefficient of variability (CV), which was found to be less
than 10%. The performance of this immunoassay system was
compared with the measurement from ELISA.
Abstract: Vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) process can be
used for water purification or the desalination of salt water. The
process simply consists of a flat sheet hydrophobic micro porous
PTFE membrane and diaphragm vacuum pump without a condenser
for the water recovery or trap. The feed was used aqueous NaCl
solution. The VMD experiments were performed to evaluate the heat
and mass transfer coefficient of the boundary layer in a membrane
module. The only operating parameters are feed inlet temperature,
and feed flow rate were investigated. The permeate flux was strongly
affected by the feed inlet temperature, feed flow rate, and boundary
layer heat transfer coefficient. Since lowering the temperature
polarization coefficient is essential enhance the process performance
considerable and maximizing the heat transfer coefficient for
maximizes the mass flux of distillate water. In this paper, the results
of VMD experiments are used to measure the boundary layer heat
transfer coefficient, and the experimental results are used to reevaluate
the empirical constants in the Dittus- Boelter equation.